Amanani aphezulu ezolimo eminyakeni yamuva nje ashukumisele abalimi emhlabeni wonke ukuba batshale okusanhlamvu okwengeziwe kanye nembewu kawoyela. Kodwa-ke, umthelela we-El Nino, kanye nemikhawulo yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kwamanye amazwe kanye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kwesidingo sikaphethiloli webhayoloji, kusikisela ukuthi abathengi bangabhekana nesimo sokuntuleka kokunikezwa ngo-2024.
Ngemva kokukhula okunamandla emananini kakolweni, ummbila kanye nobhontshisi emhlabeni wonke eminyakeni embalwa edlule, u-2023 ubone ukwehla okukhulu njengoba izithiyo zokuthutha zaseBlack Sea ziyancipha kanye nethuba lokuwohloka komnotho womhlaba wonke likhathazeka, kusho abahlaziyi kanye nabahwebi. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2024, amanani ahlala esengozini yokushaqeka kokuhlinzekwa kanye nokwehla kwamandla okudla. U-Ole Howie uthi ukutholakala kokusanhlamvu kuzothuthuka ngo-2023 njengoba ezinye izindawo ezinkulu ezikhiqizayo zandisa ukukhiqizwa, kodwa azikapheli ngempela. Njengoba izinhlangano zezulu zibikezela ukuthi i-El Nino izohlala okungenani kuze kube ngu-Ephreli noma uMeyi ngonyaka ozayo, ummbila waseBrazil cishe uzokwehla, kanti iChina ithenga ukolweni omningi kanye nommbila emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.
Isimo sezulu sika-El Nino, esilethe isimo sezulu esomile engxenyeni enkulu ye-Asia kulo nyaka futhi singase siqhubeke kuze kube yingxenye yokuqala ka-2024, sisho ukuthi abanye abathumeli abakhulu kanye nabangenisi babhekene nezingozi zokutholakala kwelayisi, ukolweni, uwoyela wesundu kanye nezinye izinto zezolimo.
Abahwebi nezikhulu balindele ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwelayisi lase-Asia kwehle engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2024, njengoba izimo zokutshala ezomile kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi okuncishisiwe ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi kungaholela ekuvuneni okuphansi. Ukutholakala kwelayisi emhlabeni wonke bekuvele kunciphile kulo nyaka ngemuva kokuba i-El Nino yehlise ukukhiqizwa futhi kwashukumisela i-India, inkampani ethumela ngaphandle ehamba phambili emhlabeni, ukuthi inciphise ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngisho nalapho ezinye izinhlamvu zehla, amanani elayisi aphinde akhuphuka afinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu eminyakeni eyi-15 ngesonto eledlule, kanti amanani acashunwe abanye abathumela ngaphandle base-Asia akhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-40-45.
ENdiya, umkhiqizi kakolweni wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni, isivuno sikakolweni esilandelayo naso sisengozini ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemvula okungaphoqa iNdiya ukuthi ifune ukungenisa okokuqala eminyakeni eyisithupha njengoba izinqolobane zikakolweni zikahulumeni zehle zaya ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu eminyakeni eyisikhombisa.
E-Australia, umthengisi kakolweni wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni, izinyanga zesimo sezulu esishisayo zonakalise isivuno kulo nyaka, kwaphela iminyaka emithathu yochungechunge lwesivuno esiqopha umlando. Abalimi base-Australia kungenzeka bahlwanyele ukolweni enhlabathini eyomile ngo-Ephreli ozayo. Ukulahleka kukakolweni e-Australia kungabangela abathengi abanjengoShayina ne-Indonesia ukuthi bafune ukolweni owengeziwe eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu naseLwandle Olumnyama. I-Commerzbank ikholelwa ukuthi isimo sokutholakala kukakolweni singaba sibi kakhulu ngo-2023/24, njengoba izimpahla zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ezivela emazweni amakhulu akhiqizayo zingancishiswa kakhulu.
Indawo ekhanyayo ka-2024 ukubikezela okuphezulu kokukhiqizwa kommbila, ukolweni kanye nobhontshisi eNingizimu Melika, yize isimo sezulu eBrazil sisalokhu siyinkinga. Imvula enhle ezindaweni ezinkulu zokukhiqiza ezolimo zase-Argentina isize ekukhuphuleni isivuno sesoya, ummbila kanye nokolweni. Ngenxa yemvula eqhubekayo ezindaweni eziluhlaza zasePambas kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, amaphesenti angama-95 ommbila otshalwe kusenesikhathi kanye namaphesenti angama-75 esivuno sesoya alinganiswa kahle kakhulu. EBrazil, izitshalo zango-2024 zisendleleni yokuba seduze namazinga arekhodiwe, yize izibikezelo zokukhiqizwa kwesoya kanye nommbila kuleli lizwe zincishisiwe emasontweni amuva nje ngenxa yesimo sezulu esomile.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha esundu emhlabeni wonke kungenzeka kwehle ngenxa yesimo sezulu esomile esibangelwe yi-El Nino, okusekela amanani kawoyela odliwayo. Amanani kawoyela wesundu ehle ngaphezu kuka-6% kuze kube manje ngo-2023. Ngenkathi ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha esundu kwehla, isidingo samafutha esundu siyakhula embonini ye-biodiesel kanye neyokudla.
Ngokombono womlando, izinqolobane zomhlaba wonke zokusanhlamvu kanye nembewu kawoyela zincane, iNyakatho Yenkabazwe cishe izobona iphethini yesimo sezulu esinamandla se-El Nino ngesikhathi sokukhula okokuqala kusukela ngo-2015, idola laseMelika kufanele liqhubeke nokwehla kwalo kwamuva, kuyilapho isidingo somhlaba wonke kufanele siqale kabusha umkhuba waso wokukhula kwesikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-18-2024