Ukufaka amanetha okubulala izinambuzane eduze kwezicabha, amafasitela kanye nezikhala zodonga ezindlini ezingakalungiswa kabusha kuyindlela yokulawula umalaleveva. Kungavimbela omiyane ukuthi bangangeni ezindlini, kube nemiphumela ebulalayo nengabulali ezifweni ezithwala umalaleveva futhi kunganciphisa ukudluliswa komalaleveva. Ngakho-ke, senze ucwaningo lwezifo emakhaya aseTanzania ukuze sihlole ukusebenza kahle kokuhlolwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zangaphakathi (ITS) ngokumelene nomalaleveva kanye nezithwala-zinambuzane.
Umndeni wawunendlu eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, ngayinye iphethwe yinhloko yomndeni, wonke amalungu omndeni abelana ngezindawo zokuphekela ezifanayo. Imindeni yayifanelekela ucwaningo uma inezicabha ezivulekile, amafasitela angenazivalo, kanye nezindonga eziphelele. Wonke amalungu omndeni aneminyaka engu-6 noma ngaphezulu afakiwe ocwaningweni, ngaphandle kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ababehlolwa njalo ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha ngokweziqondiso zikazwelonke.
Kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi 2021, ukuze kufinyelelwe yonke imindeni edolobhaneni ngalinye, abaqoqi bemininingwane, beholwa yizinduna zedolobhana, bahamba indlu ngendlu bexoxa nemindeni enezicabha ezivulekile, amafasitela angavikelwe, nezindonga ezimile. Ilungu elilodwa lomndeni elidala ligcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo oluyisisekelo. Lolu hlu lwemibuzo luhlanganisa ulwazi ngendawo kanye nezici zendlu, kanye nesimo senhlalo-mphakathi samalungu omndeni. Ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana, ifomu lemvume enolwazi (i-ICF) kanye nohlu lwemibuzo kwanikezwa isihlonzi esiyingqayizivele (i-UID), esanyatheliswa, sabekwa nge-laminate, futhi sanamathiselwa emnyango wangaphambili womndeni ngamunye obambe iqhaza. Idatha eyisisekelo yasetshenziswa ukudala uhlu lokungahleliwe, olwaluqondisa ukufakwa kwe-ITS eqenjini lokungenelela.
Idatha yokusabalala komalaleveva ihlaziywe kusetshenziswa indlela yephrothokholi ngayinye, ngaphandle kokuhlaziywa kwabantu ababehambe emasontweni amabili edlule noma abathathe imithi yokulwa nomalaleveva emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kocwaningo.
Ukuze sithole umthelela we-ITS ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezindlu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ITS, kanye namaqembu eminyaka, senze ukuhlaziywa kwezigaba. Ukwanda kwesifo sikamalaleveva kwaqhathaniswa phakathi kwemindeni ene-ITS kanye nengenayo ngaphakathi kokuhlelwa okuchaziwe: izindonga zodaka, izindonga zezitini, uphahla lwendabuko, uphahla lwethini, labo abasebenzisa i-ITS ngosuku olwandulela inhlolovo, labo abangayisebenzisi i-ITS ngosuku olwandulela inhlolovo, izingane ezincane, izingane ezifunda esikoleni, kanye nabantu abadala. Ekuhlaziyweni ngakunye kwezigaba, iqembu leminyaka, ubulili, kanye nokuguquguquka kwezigaba zemindeni okufanele (uhlobo lodonga, uhlobo lophahla, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ITS, noma iqembu leminyaka) kwafakwa njengemiphumela eqondile. Imindeni yafakwa njengomphumela ongahleliwe ukuze kucatshangelwe ukuhlanganiswa. Okubalulekile, izinguquko zezigaba ngokwazo azifakwanga njengezinto ezihambisanayo ekuhlaziyweni kwazo kwezigaba.
Kubantu abaphakathi komiyane abangaphakathi, amamodeli okubuyela emuva kwe-binomial angalungile asetshenziswe kuphela enanini lansuku zonke lomiyane ababanjwe ngesicupho ngobusuku ngabunye ngenxa yenani elincane lomiyane ababanjwe kulo lonke ukuhlolwa.
Imindeni ihlolwe ukutheleleka nge-malaria esikhathini esifushane neside, imiphumela ikhombisa imindeni evakashelwe, enqabile ukuvakashelwa, evunyelwe ukuvakashelwa, elahlekelwe ukuvakashelwa ngenxa yokufuduka kanye nokuhamba ibanga elide, ukwenqaba kwabahlanganyeli ukuvakashelwa, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokulwa ne-malaria, kanye nomlando wokuhamba. Imindeni ihlolwe omiyane abangaphakathi endlini kusetshenziswa izithiyo zokukhanya ze-CDC, imiphumela ikhombisa imindeni evakashelwe, enqabile ukuvakashelwa, evunyelwe ukuvakashelwa, elahlekile ukuvakashelwa ngenxa yokufuduka, noma ebingekho sonke isikhathi sokuhlola. I-ITS yafakwa emindenini yokulawula.
ESifundeni saseChalinze, akukho mehluko obalulekile otholakale emazingeni okutheleleka ngemalariya noma emindenini enabantu abasebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlola oluphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane (i-ITS) kanye nalabo abangenalo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yomklamo wocwaningo, izakhiwo zokubulala izinambuzane kanye nezinsalela zokungenelela, kanye nenani eliphezulu labahlanganyeli abashiya ucwaningo. Nakuba umehluko wawungabalulekile, amazinga aphansi okutheleleka yizinambuzane atholakale ezingeni lomndeni ngesikhathi semvula ende, okwakubonakala kakhulu ezinganeni ezifunda esikoleni. Imindeni yezinambuzane ezisebenzisa i-Anopheles nayo yehlile, okuphakamisa isidingo socwaningo olwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa umklamo wocwaningo oluhleliwe ngamaqembu kanye nokuzibandakanya komphakathi okusebenzayo kanye nokufinyelela umphakathi ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwabahlanganyeli kulo lonke ucwaningo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-19-2025