I-Bacillus thuringiensisiyi-insecticide ebulala amagciwane enobuthi obuphansi. Ikhiqiza kakhulu izinhlobo ezimbili zobuthi, okungukuthi ama-endotoxin (ama-crystal inclusions) kanye nama-exotoxin, abangela izinambuzane ukuthi ziyeke ukudla futhi ekugcineni zife ngenxa yendlala, ukuwohloka kwegazi kanye nobuthi bemizwa.
Indlela yokubulala izinambuzane
Ngemva kwe-I-Bacillus thuringiensisUma imuncwa yisinambuzane, siyayidla emathunjini omuntu osiphethe. Endaweni efanele ye-alkaline emathunjini, siyakhula futhi sizalane. Ubuthi obuyikristalu bufakwa emanzini yi-proteases emathunjini omzimba wesinambuzane, bakhe ama-subunit amancane anobuthi. Lawa ma-subunit asebenza kumaseli e-epithelial emathunjini omzimba wesinambuzane, okubangela ukukhubazeka kwamathumbu, ukubhoboka, ukukhubazeka komzimba wesinambuzane, kanye nokuyeka ukudla. Ngemva kwalokho, i-Bacillus thuringiensis ingena emgodini wegazi ukuze izale, ibangele i-septicemia futhi iholele ekufeni kwalesi sinambuzane.
Izinzuzo zeBacillus thuringiensis:
(1) Inqubo yokukhiqiza ihambisana nezidingo zokuvikela imvelo. Ngemva kokufutha isibulala-zinambuzane, kusele izinsalela ezincane ensimini.
(2) Izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphansi. Izinto zayo zokusetshenziswa zitholakala kabanzi futhi zonke ziyimikhiqizo yezolimo neyezinto ezingaphandle, ngamanani aphansi kakhulu.
(3) Lo mkhiqizo unemiphumela eminingi yokubulala izinambuzane. Unobuthi ezinhlotsheni ezingaphezu kuka-200 zezinambuzane ze-lepidopteran.
(4) Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kuzokwakha indawo ebhubhisayo yezinambuzane, okubangela ukusabalala okukhulu kwembewu yezinambuzane ezibangela izifo, kufezwe injongo yokulawula ngokwemvelo ubuningi bezinambuzane.
(5) Ayinawo ukungcola kwemvelo kanye nemithombo yamanzi, ayinangozi kubantu nasezilwaneni, futhi iphephile ezinambuzaneni eziningi zemvelo.
(6) Ingaxutshwa futhi isetshenziswe ngokushesha nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene, abalawuli bokukhula kwezinambuzane, ubuthi be-pyrethroid spirochete, i-carbamate, izibulala-zinambuzane ze-organophosphorus, kanye nezinye izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nomanyolo wamakhemikhali.
(7) Ukushintshanisa ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane nezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali kungathuthukisa ukumelana kwezinambuzane nezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali.
Imiyalelo yokusebenzisa
Lawula izinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga njengezinambuzane ze-jujube, i-jujube moth, i-toxic moth, kanye ne-prickly moth. Futha i-Bt emulsion ngokuhlushwa izikhathi ezingu-500-600 ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhula kwezibungu. Le ndlela inikeza imiphumela emihle ekulawuleni izinambuzane nasekuvikeleni amaqabunga.
Lawula i-jujube kanye ne-apple codling moth, kanye ne-pear codling moth. Ngesikhathi sokubeka amaqanda kwe-moth endala kanye nesikhathi sokudla izithelo ze-larvae, fafaza i-Bt emulsion (equkethe i-0.2% synthetic pyrethroid) ngokuhlushwa izikhathi ezingu-500-600 ngaphambi kokuba izibungu zihlasele izithelo. Le ndlela inikeza imiphumela emihle ekubulaleni izinambuzane kanye nokuvikela izithelo.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
① Ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa nezibulala-magciwane.
② Indawo yokukhulisa izikelemu kufanele igweme ukuyisebenzisa ngangokunokwenzeka ukuvimbela ubuthi bezikelemu.
③ I-Bacillus thuringiensis isebenza kahle uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-20℃). Kunconywa ukuyisebenzisa kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba.
④ Lesi sidakamizwa sithambekele ekumuncweni umswakama futhi sizokwakha amaqhubu. Kufanele sigcinwe endaweni evaliwe, eyomile nepholile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-27-2026