1. Khuthaza ukunqunywa kwezihlahla zetiye
I-Naphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium) ngaphambi kokufaka sebenzisa uketshezi oluyi-60-100mg/L ukuze ucwilise isisekelo sokusika amahora angu-3-4, ukuze uthuthukise umphumela, ungasebenzisa futhi ukuhlushwa kwe-α mononaphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium) 50mg/L+ IBA 50mg/L kwengxube, noma i-α mononaphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium) 100mg/L+ i-vitamin B, 5mg/L yengxube.
Qaphela ukusetshenziswa: bamba kahle isikhathi sokucwilisa, isikhathi eside kakhulu sizobangela ukubola kwamaqabunga; i-Naphthylacetic acid (i-sodium) inomphumela omubi wokuvimbela ukukhula kweziqu namagatsha ngaphezu komhlabathi, futhi kungcono ukuxuba nezinye izinto ezibangela izimpande.
Ngaphambi kokufaka i-IBA, cwilisa u-20-40mg/L womuthi owuketshezi esisekelweni sezingcezu ubude obungu-3-4 cm amahora amathathu. Kodwa-ke, i-IBA ibola kalula ngokukhanya, futhi umuthi kufanele upakishwe ngombala omnyama bese ugcinwa endaweni epholile neyomile.
Izinhlobo zetiyi ezine-naphthalene engu-50% · i-ethyl indole impuphu yempande engu-500 mg/L, izinhlobo ezinezimpande ezilula ezingu-300-400 mg/L impuphu yempande noma ucwilise imizuzu emi-5, beka amahora angu-4-8, bese usika. Kungakhuthaza ukuqala kwezimpande kusenesikhathi, izinsuku ezingu-14 ngaphambi kokulawula. Inani lezimpande landa, ngo-18 ngaphezu kokulawula; Izinga lokusinda laliphezulu ngo-41.8% kunelokulawula. Isisindo esomile sezimpande ezincane sanda ngo-62.5%. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kwakuphakeme ngo-15.3 cm kunokulawula. Ngemva kokwelashwa, izinga lokusinda lafinyelela cishe ku-100%, kanti izinga lokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ezincane landa ngo-29.6%. Umkhiqizo ophelele wanda ngo-40%.
2. Khuthaza ukuqaliswa kwama-tea buds
Umphumela wokukhuthaza we-gibberellin ukuthi ingakhuthaza ukuhlukana kwamaseli nokwelula, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaze ukuhluma kwamahlumela, ikhuthaze futhi isheshise ukukhula kwamahlumela. Ngemva kokufutha, amahlumela alele akhuthazwa ukuba ahlume ngokushesha, inani lamahlumela namaqabunga landa, inani lamaqabunga lancipha, futhi ukugcinwa kokuthamba kwakukuhle. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwe-Tea Science Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ubuningi bamahlumela amasha bukhuphuke ngo-10%-25% uma kuqhathaniswa nokulawula, itiye lasentwasahlobo ngokuvamile landa cishe ngo-15%, itiye lasehlobo landa cishe ngo-20%, kanti itiye lasekwindla landa cishe ngo-30%.
Ukuhlushwa kokusetshenziswa kufanele kube okulungile, ngokuvamile okungu-50-100 mg/L kufaneleka kakhulu, njalo ngo-667m⊃2; Futha u-50kg womuthi owuketshezi esitshalweni sonke. Izinga lokushisa lasentwasahlobo liphansi, ukuhlushwa kungaba phezulu ngokufanele; Izinga lokushisa lasehlobo, lasekwindla liphakeme, ukuhlushwa kufanele kube phansi ngokufanele, ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kwendawo, umphumela wokuqala wokufutha we-master bud a leaf muhle, isizini yokushisa ephansi ingafuthwa usuku lonke, isizini yokushisa ephezulu kufanele yenziwe kusihlwa, ukuze kube lula ukumuncwa kwesihlahla setiye, kunikezwe ukusebenza okugcwele ekusebenzeni kwaso.
Ukujova i-10-40mg/L gibberellic acid nge-petiole yamaqabunga kungaphula ukungakhuli kwezihlahla zetiye ezincane ezingakavuthwa, kanti izihlahla zetiye zikhula amaqabunga angu-2-4 maphakathi noFebhuwari, kuyilapho izihlahla zetiye ezilawulwayo zingaqali ukukhula amaqabunga kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaMashi.
Inothi lokusetshenziswa: ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa nezibulala-zinambuzane ze-alkaline, umanyolo, futhi ixutshwe ne-urea engu-0.5% noma i-ammonium sulfate engu-1% umphumela ungcono; Ukugxila okuqinile kokusetshenziswa, isizini ngayinye yetiye kufanele ifuthwe kanye kuphela, futhi ngemva kokufutha ukuze kuqiniswe umanyolo kanye nokuphathwa kwamanzi; Umphumela we-gibberellin emzimbeni wetiye cishe izinsuku ezingu-14. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukukhetha itiye elinehlumela elilodwa namaqabunga amathathu; i-gibberellin kufanele isetshenziswe nayo.
3. Khuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela etiye
Ngemva kokufutha nge-1.8% ye-sodium nitrophenolate, isitshalo setiye sabonisa imiphumela ehlukahlukene yomzimba. Okokuqala, ibanga phakathi kwamahlumela namaqabunga landiswa, futhi isisindo samahlumela sanda, okwakungu-9.4% ngaphezu kokulawula. Okwesibili, ukuhluma kwamahlumela angena emzimbeni kwakhuthazwa, kanti ubuningi bokuhluma banda ngo-13.7%. Okwesithathu ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll, ukuthuthukisa amandla e-photosynthesis, kanye nombala wamaqabunga aluhlaza. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kweminyaka emibili, itiye lasentwasahlobo landa ngo-25.8%, itiye lasehlobo landa ngo-34.5%, itiye lasekwindla landa ngo-26.6%, ukwanda okumaphakathi konyaka okungu-29.7%. Isilinganiso sokuxuba esivame ukusetshenziswa ezingadini zetiye siphindwe izikhathi ezingu-5000, ngasinye singu-667m⊃2; Futha u-12.5mL woketshezi ngama-50kg amanzi. Ukusika amahlumela etiye ngaphambi kokuhluma esikhathini ngasinye kungakhuthaza amahlumela e-axillary okuqala. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwetiye lasentwasahlobo kusenesikhathi kunenani elingcono kwezomnotho, uma lifuthwa ekuqaleni kwehlumela kanye neqabunga, amandla okumunca ezihlahla zetiye aqinile, futhi umphumela wokwandisa umkhiqizo usobala. Itiye lasentwasahlobo ngokuvamile lifuthwa cishe izikhathi ezimbili, itiye lasehlobo nelasekwindla lingahlanganiswa nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, lifuthwe ngokulinganayo phezu kwe-positive kanye nangemuva kwamaqabunga, limanzi ngaphandle kokuconsa lilinganiselwe, ukuze kufezwe imiphumela emibili yokulawulwa kwezinambuzane nokukhuthaza ukukhula.
Qaphela: Uma usebenzisa, ungadluli inani elibekiwe; Uma lina zingakapheli amahora ayi-6 ngemva kokufutha, kufanele uphinde ufafaze; Amaconsi okufutha kufanele abe mahle ukuze kuqiniswe ukunamathela, fafaza ingaphambili nangemuva kwensingo ngokulinganayo, akukho ukuconsa okungcono kakhulu; Isixazululo sesitoko kufanele sigcinwe endaweni epholile kude nokukhanya.
4. Vimbela ukwakheka kwembewu yetiye
Izihlahla zetiye ziyatshalwa ngenhloso yokukha amahlumela amaningi, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwezilawuli zokukhula ukulawula ukukhula kwezithelo nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela namaqabunga kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokwandisa isivuno setiye. Indlela yokusebenza ye-ethephon esitshalweni setiye ukukhuthaza umsebenzi wamaseli e-lamellar esiqwini sezimbali kanye nesiqu sezithelo ukuze kufezwe injongo yokuwa. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa koMnyango Wetiye waseZhejiang Agricultural University, izinga lokuwa kwezimbali licishe libe ngu-80% ngemva kokufutha cishe izinsuku eziyi-15. Ngenxa yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezakhamzimba zezithelo ngonyaka olandelayo, ukukhiqizwa kwetiye kungandiswa ngo-16.15%, kanti ukuhlushwa okujwayelekile kokufutha kufaneleke kakhulu ku-800-1000 mg/L. Njengoba ukukhishwa kwama-molecule e-ethylene kusheshiswa ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, ukuhlushwa kufanele kuncishiswe ngokufanele lapho ihlumela lincane, izicubu zikhula ngamandla noma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, futhi ukuhlushwa kufanele kube phezulu ngokufanele lapho iningi lezimbali selivulekile futhi ukukhula kuhamba kancane noma izinga lokushisa liphansi. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuNovemba, ukufutha kwenziwa, futhi umphumela wokwanda kwesivuno wawungcono kakhulu.
Ukuhlushwa kwesifutho se-Ethephon akufanele kudlule inani, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzobangela ukungcola kwamaqabunga okungajwayelekile, futhi inani lokungcola kwamaqabunga lizokhula ngokwanda kokuhlushwa. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukubola kwamaqabunga, i-ethephon exutshwe nesifutho se-gibberellin esingu-30-50mg/L sinomthelela omkhulu ekulondolozweni kwamaqabunga, futhi asithinti umphumela wokuncipha kwamahlumela. Lapho kufafazwa kufanele kukhethwe izinsuku ezinamafu noma ebusuku kakhulu, kungadingi mvula zingakapheli amahora ayi-12 kusukela ekusetshenzisweni.
5. Sheshisa ukwakheka kwembewu
Ukusabalala kwembewu kungenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokuzalanisa izithombo zetiye. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokukhula kwezitshalo ezifana ne-α-mononaphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium), i-gibberellin, njll., kungakhuthaza ukuhluma kwembewu, izimpande ezithuthukile, ukukhula okusheshayo kanye nokukhulisa imbewu okuqinile, kwasekuqaleni.
Imbewu yetiye ecwiliswe ku-10-20mg/L naphthylacetic acid (sodium) amahora angu-48, bese igezwa ngamanzi ngemva kokuhlwanyela, ingavulwa cishe ezinsukwini ezingu-15 ngaphambili, futhi isigaba esigcwele sokuhluma kwezithombo singezinsuku ezingu-19-25 ngaphambili.
Izinga lokuhluma kwembewu yetiye lingasheshiswa ngokucwilisa imbewu kusisombululo se-gibberellin esingu-100mg/L amahora angama-24.
6. Khulisa isivuno setiye
Ukuvunwa kwamaqabunga amasha esihlahla setiye ngamanzi angu-1.8% e-sodium nitrophenolate kuncike ekumisweni kokuhluma kanye nesisindo samahlumela. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi ukuhluma kwezitshalo zetiye eziphathwe ngamanzi angu-1.8% e-sodium nitrophenolate kukhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-20% uma kuqhathaniswa nokulawula. Ubude bamahlumela, isisindo samahlumela kanye nesisindo sehlumela elilodwa namaqabunga amathathu kwakusobala ukuthi kungcono kunokulawula. Umphumela wokwanda kwesivuno wamanzi angu-1.8% e-sodium nitrophenolate ahlanganisiwe muhle kakhulu, futhi umphumela wokwanda kwesivuno wamazinga ahlukene ungcono kakhulu ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-6000 koketshezi, ngokuvamile izikhathi ezingu-3000-6000 koketshezi.
Amanzi e-sodium nitrophenolate angu-1.8% angasetshenziswa njengezinhlobo ezivamile zezitshalo zetiye ezindaweni zetiye. Sebenzisa ukuhlushwa okuphindwe ka-3000-6000 koketshezi okufanele, 667m⊃2; Ivolumu yoketshezi olufuthwayo ingu-50-60kg. Njengamanje, ukufuthwa okunamandla amancane ezindaweni zetiye kuthandwa kakhulu, futhi uma kuxutshwa nezibulala-zinambuzane, kunconywa ukuthi umthamo wamanzi e-sodium nitrophenolate angu-1.8% akufanele udlule u-5mL ngesikhwama samanzi. Uma ukuhlushwa kuphezulu kakhulu, kuzovimbela ukukhula kwehlumela letiye futhi kuthinte isivuno setiye. Inani lezikhathi zokufuthwa ngesikhathi setiye kufanele linqunywe ngokuya ngokukhula okuthile kwesihlahla setiye. Uma kusenezinhloko ezincane zamahlumela phezu kwekhava ngemva kokuqoqwa, kungafuthwa futhi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwanda komkhiqizo kuyo yonke isizini.
I-Brassinolide engu-0.01% ye-brassinolide exutshwe izikhathi ezingu-5000 i-liquid spray ingakhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela esihlahla setiye namaqabunga, yandise ubuningi bokuhluma, yandise isivuno samahlumela namaqabunga, futhi ingandisa isivuno samaqabunga amasha ngo-17.8% kanye netiye elomile ngo-15%.
Ukuqhakaza nokuthela kwezitshalo zetiye i-Ethephon kudla izakhamzimba eziningi namandla, kanti ukufafaza okungu-800 mg/L kwe-ethephon kusukela ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuya kuNovemba kunganciphisa kakhulu izithelo nezimbali.
Kokubili i-B9 ne-B9 kungathuthukisa ukukhula kokuzala, kwandise izinga lokubekwa kwezithelo kanye nesivuno sezithelo zezihlahla zetiye, okunamathuba okusetshenziswa okuthuthukisa ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla zetiye ngesilinganiso esiphansi sokubekwa kwembewu kanye nezingadi zetiye ngenhloso yokuqoqa imbewu yetiye. Ukwelashwa nge-1000mg/L, 3000mg/L B9, 250mg/L kanye ne-500mg/L B9 kungandisa isivuno sezithelo zetiye ngo-68%-70%.
I-Gibberellin ikhuthaza ukuhlukana kwamaseli nokwandiswa. Kwatholakala ukuthi ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-gibberellin, amahlumela alele esihlahla setiye ahluma ngokushesha, ikhanda lamahlumela landa, amaqabunga ancishiswa kancane, futhi ukugcinwa kwetiye kwaba kuhle, okwadala izimo zokwandisa isivuno nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yetiye. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-gibberellin enkathini ngayinye yamahlumela etiye namaqabunga okuqala nge-50-100mg/L yokufutha amahlamvu, naka izinga lokushisa, ngokuvamile izinga lokushisa eliphansi lingasetshenziswa usuku lonke, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu kusihlwa.
7. Ukususwa kwezimbali ngamakhemikhali
Imbewu eningi kakhulu ekupheleni kwekwindla izodla izakhamzimba, ivimbele ukukhula kwamaqabunga amasha namahlumela entwasahlobo elandelayo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezakhamzimba kuthinta isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yetiye ngonyaka olandelayo, futhi ukuqoqa izimbali zokwenziwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke izindlela zamakhemikhali sezibe yindlela yokuthuthuka.
I-ethylene esebenzisa i-ethephon ukususa izimbali ngamakhemikhali, inani elikhulu lamahlumela liyawa, inani lembewu eqhakazayo lincane, ukuqongelela kwezakhamzimba kukhulu, okusiza ekwandiseni isivuno setiye, kanye nokonga abasebenzi kanye nezindleko.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ezine-500-1000 mg/L ye-ethephon, ngayinye ingu-667m⊃2; Ukusebenzisa i-100-125kg ukufafaza ngokulinganayo isihlahla sonke esigabeni sokuqhakaza, bese ufafaza kanye ngesikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-7-10, kuyasiza ekwandiseni isivuno setiye. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlushwa kokwelashwa kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile, futhi ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-ethephon kuzoholela ekuweni kwamaqabunga, okuyinto engathandeki ekukhuleni nasekuvuneni. Kunconywa ukunquma isikhathi kanye nomthamo wokusetshenziswa ngokuya ngezimo zendawo, izinhlobo kanye nesimo sezulu, futhi isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kufanele sikhethwe esikhathini lapho izinga lokushisa liye lehla kancane kancane, i-camellia ivulekile, futhi amaqabunga esemisiwe. Esikhathini sasekwindla, ngo-Okthoba kuya kuNovemba eZhejiang, ukuhlushwa kwe-ejenti akukwazi ukudlula u-1000mg/L, ukuhlushwa kwesigaba samahlumela kungaba phansi kancane, futhi ukuhlushwa kwendawo yetiye ebandayo yasezintabeni kungaba phezulu kancane.
8. Thuthukisa ukumelana nokubanda kwesitshalo setiye
Ukulimala komkhuhlane kungenye yezinkinga ezibalulekile ezithinta ukukhiqizwa endaweni yetiye ephakeme ezintabeni kanye nendawo yetiye esenyakatho, okuvame ukuholela ekunciphiseni ukukhiqizwa ngisho nokufa. Ukusetshenziswa kwezilawuli zokukhula kwezitshalo kunganciphisa ukugeleza kwamanzi ebusweni bamaqabunga, noma kukhuthaze ukuguga kwamahlumela amasha, kuthuthukise izinga lokuqina, futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nokubanda noma ukumelana kwezihlahla zetiye ngezinga elithile.
I-Ethephon efuthwe ngo-800mg/L ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba ingavimbela ukukhula kabusha kwezihlahla zetiye ngasekupheleni kwekwindla futhi ithuthukise ukumelana nokubanda.
Ukufutha okungu-250mg/L kwesisombululo ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba kungakhuthaza ukukhula kwezihlahla zetiye ukuthi kume kusenesikhathi, okuyinto ekhuthaza ukukhula okuhle kwamahlumela entwasahlobo ebusika besibili.
9. Lungisa isikhathi sokukha itiye
Ukwandiswa kwamahlumela ezitshalo zetiye ngesikhathi setiye lasentwasahlobo kunempendulo enamandla ehambisanayo, okuholela ekuqongeleleni kwetiye lasentwasahlobo ngesikhathi sesikhathi esiphezulu, futhi ukuphikisana phakathi kokuvuna nokukhiqizwa kuyabonakala. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-gibberellin kanye nabanye abalawuli bokukhula kungathuthukisa umsebenzi we-A-amylase kanye ne-protease, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwenziwa nokuguqulwa kweprotheni noshukela, kusheshiswe ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli nokwandiswa kwawo, kusheshiswe izinga lokukhula kwesihlahla setiye, futhi kwenze amahlumela amasha akhule kusenesikhathi; Umgomo wokuthi abanye abalawuli bokukhula bangavimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli nokwandiswa kwawo nawo usetshenziswa njengesivimbeli sokulibazisa isikhathi sesikhathi sezikhukhula, ngaleyo ndlela kulawulwa isikhathi sokuvuna itiye futhi kuncishiswe ukuphikisana ekusebenziseni umsebenzi wokuvuna itiye ngesandla.
Uma i-100mg/L ye-gibberellin ifuthwa ngokulinganayo, itiye lasentwasahlobo lingambiwa izikhathi ezingu-2-4 kusengaphambili kanye netiye lasehlobo izikhathi ezingu-2-4 kusengaphambili.
I-Alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium) ifuthwa ngo-20mg/L womuthi owuketshezi, ongakhiwa izikhathi ezi-2-4 kusengaphambili.
Isifutho sesisombululo se-ethephon esingu-25mg/L singenza itiye lasentwasahlobo lihlume izikhathi ezintathu kusengaphambili.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-16-2024