I-Brassinolide, njenge-umlawuli wokukhula kwezitshalo, idlale indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo selokhu yatholakala. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe bezolimo kanye noshintsho lwesidingo semakethe, i-brassinolide kanye nengxenye yayo eyinhloko yemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe kuvela ngokungenamkhawulo. Kusukela emikhiqizweni engaphansi kwe-100 ebhaliswe ngaphambi kuka-2018, inani lemikhiqizo namabhizinisi ayi-135 seliphindwe kabili. Isabelo semakethe sama-yuan angaphezu kwebhiliyoni elilodwa kanye nekhono lemakethe lama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10 kubonisa ukuthi lesi sithako esidala sibonisa amandla amasha.
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Ukutholwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi kusha
I-Brassinolide uhlobo lwe-hormone yezitshalo zemvelo, etholakala kuma-hormone e-steroid, eyatholakala okokuqala ku-rape pollen ngo-1979, etholakala ku-brassin ekhishwe ngokwemvelo.I-Brassinolide iyisilawuli sokukhula kwezitshalo esisebenza kahle kakhulu, esingakhulisa kakhulu ukukhula kwezakhamzimba zezitshalo futhi sikhuthaze ukukhulelwa ngamanani aphansi kakhulu. Ngokukhethekile, ingakhuthaza ukuhlukana kwamaseli nokwandiswa kwawo, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-photosynthesis, ithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka, ikhuthaze ukuhlukaniswa kwamahlumela ezimbali kanye nokukhula kwezithelo, futhi ikhulise okuqukethwe ushukela kwezithelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela wosizo lokuqala ezitshalweni ezifile, ukubola kwezimpande, ukuma zifile kanye nokucinywa okubangelwa ukutshala okuphindaphindiwe, izifo, umonakalo wezidakamizwa, umonakalo wokuqandisa kanye nezinye izizathu uyamangalisa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamahora angu-12-24 kusobala ukuthi kuyasebenza, futhi amandla abuyiselwa ngokushesha.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokukhula kwenani labantu emhlabeni wonke kanye nentuthuko enkulu yomkhiqizo wezolimo, isidingo semikhiqizo yezolimo besilokhu sikhula. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo, ukuthuthukisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezitshalo kube umgomo oyinhloko womkhiqizo wezolimo. Kulesi simo, isidingo semakethe sabalawuli bokukhula kwezitshalo sikhula kancane kancane.I-Brassinolide isiba yimbangela enamandla kakhulu yokuthuthukisa impilo yezitshalo njengamanje ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ekwandiseni umkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa ukulawulwa komonakalo.
I-Brassinolide, njengomlawuli wokukhula kwezitshalo osebenza kahle kakhulu, iye yamukelwa abalimi ngenxa yomphumela wayo omangalisayo wokwandisa isivuno ezitshalweni ezahlukahlukene. Ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwezitshalo ezithengiswayo (njengezithelo, imifino, izimbali, njll.) kanye nezitshalo zasensimini (njengelayisi, ukolweni, ummbila, njll.), i-brassinolide isetshenziswa kabanzi.
Ngokusho kwedatha yocwaningo lwemakethe, ubukhulu bemakethe yomhlaba wonke yabalawuli bokukhula kwezitshalo bubonise ukukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Phakathi kwabo, isabelo semakethe se-brassicolactone sikhule unyaka nonyaka, saba yingxenye ebalulekile yemakethe. E-China, isidingo semakethe se-brassinolide sinamandla kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikhiqiza izitshalo zemali eningizimu kanye nezindawo ezikhiqiza izitshalo zasenyakatho.
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Imakethe yokusetshenziswa kanye kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwayo iyabusa
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imikhiqizo eminingi ehlanganisiwe ene-brassinolide njengengxenye eyinhloko iye yavela emakethe. Le mikhiqizo ivame ukuhlanganisa i-brassinolactones nezinye izilawuli zokukhula kwezitshalo, izakhamzimba, njll., ukuze kwakhiwe ukwakheka kwe-compound ukuze kusebenze umphumela ohlangene onamandla.
Isibonelo, inhlanganisela ye-brassinolide nama-hormone afana ne-i-gibberellin, i-cytokinin, kanyei-indole acetic acidingalawula ukukhula kwezitshalo ngezindlela eziningi ukuze ithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka kanye nesivuno sazo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlanganisela ye-brassinolide nezinto ezilandelanayo (njenge-zinc, i-boron, i-iron, njll.) ingathuthukisa kakhulu isimo sokudla kwezitshalo futhi ithuthukise amandla azo okukhula.
Njengoba i-pyrazolide iphelelwe yisikhathi cishe ngo-2015, eminye imikhiqizo ehlanganiswe ne-pyrazolide, i-brassinolide kanye ne-potassium dihydrogen phosphate yakhuthazwa kakhulu emasimini asenyakatho (ummbila, ukolweni, ubhontshisi wamantongomane, njll.). Kwaholela ngokushesha ekukhuleni kokuthengiswa kwe-brassinolide.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhizinisi asheshisa ukubhaliswa kwemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe ehlobene ne-brassinolide, futhi akhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimweni ezahlukene.Kuze kube manje, imikhiqizo engu-234 ye-brassinolide ibhaliswe ngezibulala-zinambuzane, okungu-124 kuyo kuxutshwe, okungaphezu kuka-50%.Ukwanda kwale mikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe akugcini nje ngokuhlangabezana nesidingo semakethe sabalawuli bezitshalo abaphumelelayo nabasebenza ngezindlela eziningi, kodwa futhi kubonisa ukugcizelela ekuvundiseni okunembile kanye nokuphathwa kwesayensi ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo.
Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthuka kwezinga lokuqonda labalimi, imikhiqizo enjalo izoba nethuba elikhulu emakethe esikhathini esizayo.I-Brassinolide isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwezilimo ezithengiswayo njengezithelo nemifino. Isibonelo, ekulimeni amagilebhisi, i-brassinolide ingathuthukisa izinga lokubekwa kwezithelo, yandise ushukela nokuqina kwezithelo, futhi ithuthukise ukubukeka nokunambitheka kwezithelo. Ekulimeni utamatisi, i-brassinolide ingakhuthaza ukuqhakaza kwezimbali zikatamatisi nezithelo, ithuthukise isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo.I-Brassinolide nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezilimo zasensimini. Isibonelo, ekulimeni irayisi nokolweni, i-brassinolide ingakhuthaza ukuhluma, yandise ubude besitshalo nesisindo sezindlebe, futhi yandise isivuno.
I-Brassinolide isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izimbali nezitshalo zokuhlobisa. Isibonelo, ekutshalweni kwe-rose, i-brassicolactone ingakhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwamahlumela ezimbali nokuqhakaza, ithuthukise inani nekhwalithi yezimbali. Ekugcinweni kwezitshalo ezifakwe emabhodweni, i-brassinolide ingakhuthaza ukukhula nokuqhakaza kwezitshalo futhi ikhulise inani lokuhlobisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-04-2024