Umanyolo okhethekile ubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto ezikhethekile, ukwamukela ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile ukukhiqiza umphumela omuhle womanyolo okhethekile.Yengeza into eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, futhi ineminye imiphumela ebalulekile ngaphandle kukamanyolo, ukuze kufezwe inhloso yokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo, ukuthuthukisa isivuno sezitshalo, nokwenza ngcono kanye nokulungisa umhlabathi.Izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko yizindleko eziphansi, ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho okuphezulu, ngokuhambisana nezidingo zentuthuko zanamuhla "zokuvikelwa kwemvelo okusebenzayo, ukonga amandla ekhabhoni ephansi".Ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa umanyolo oqinile, umanyolo owuketshezi, umanyolo omncane we-chelating, umanyolo okhipha izimila zasolwandle, umanyolo owuketshezi ophilayo, isilawuli sokukhula kwezitshalo kanye nomanyolo wokulawula ukufaka kancane kancane.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nomanyolo wendabuko, umanyolo okhethekile unezici zawo eziyingqayizivele ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, ubuchwepheshe, indlela yokufaka isicelo kanye nomphumela wokusetshenziswa.Ngokuya ngezinto zokusetshenziswa, ngokusho kwezidingo ezikhethekile, umanyolo okhethekile ungaqondiswa ukwengeza izakhi ezithile zokulandelela, kodwa futhi ungangeza izakhi ezingekho kumanyolo wendabuko;Ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza umanyolo okhethekile buthuthuke kakhulu, njengobuchwepheshe be-chelating, ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka, njll. Ngokwezindlela zokufaka isicelo, umanyolo okhethekile usetshenziswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, njengokufaka isicelo kancane nokulawula ukuvundiswa okuqhubekayo. izindlela zokudla;Ngokuphathelene nomphumela wokufakwa kwesicelo, umanyolo okhethekile uqashelwa kancane kancane yimboni ngezinzuzo zabo zokuba nobungane bemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle, izinga eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa, ukuvundiswa okuhlosiwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlabathi, nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wezolimo, futhi ukuthandwa kwabo kuyaqhubeka nokwanda.
Isimo sokuthuthuka
Ngokuthuthuka kwezolimo zesimanje, ukuphathwa kwezikali kanye nokuphathwa kwezimboni kubeke phambili izidingo eziphakeme zemvelo yomhlabathi.Indlela yendabuko yokuthuthukisa imboni kamanyolo ngeke isakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuphila kwamabhizinisi kanye nabaqhubi abasha bezolimo.Umsebenzi womanyolo awugcini nje ekwenzeni ngcono isivuno sezitshalo.Umanyolo okhethekile onomsebenzi wokwandisa izinto eziphilayo zenhlabathi, ukuthuthukisa imvelo yenhlabathi kanye nokwengeza izakhi zokulandelela ezitshalweni ziye zazuza ukunakwa okwengeziwe, futhi umanyolo okhethekile nawo ungenise ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo.Ngokusho kwedatha, usayizi wemakethe wemboni kamanyolo okhethekile yaseChina ngo-2021 ungama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-174.717, ukukhuphuka ngo-7%, kanti usayizi wemakethe wemboni ngo-2022 ucishe ube ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-185.68, okukhuphuke ngo-6.3%.Phakathi kwazo, umanyolo oncibilikayo emanzini kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-microbial yiziqephu ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezibalelwa ku-39.8% no-25.3%, ngokulandelana.
Umanyolo okhethekile ungathuthukisa imvelo yenhlabathi, uthuthukise ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yezolimo, uthuthukise izinzuzo zezomnotho zezolimo, ukukhetha okungenakugwenywa ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo okuluhlaza nokuthatha indlela yentuthuko esimeme.Ngokuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa kwezakhamuzi eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo siye sashintsha kancane kancane sisuka enanini siye kwikhwalithi, futhi isidingo sokukhiqizwa komanyolo okhethekile eChina siqhubekile nokukhula.Ngokusho kwedatha, ngo-2022, ukukhiqizwa komanyolo okhethekile waseChina kungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-33.4255, ukwanda kwe-6.6%;Isidingo sasicishe sibe ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-320.38, sikhuphuke ngo-6.9% unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokombono wentengo, eminyakeni yakamuva, inani lentengo elimaphakathi lokuthengisa lemakethe kamanyolo okhethekile yaseShayina libonise ukukhuphuka okuphelele.Ngokwemininingwane, intengo emaphakathi yokuthengisa yemakethe kamanyolo eyisipesheli yaseChina ngo-2022 icishe ibe ngu-5,800 yuan/ton, yehle ngo-0.6% unyaka nonyaka, kanye nokwenyuka ngo-636 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa no-2015.
Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yemboni kamanyolo ekhethekile
1. Isidingo semakethe siyaqhubeka sikhula
Ngokukhula kwenani labantu emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuthuthuka kwemboni yezolimo, isidingo sokudla nemikhiqizo yezolimo siyakhula.Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo, abakhiqizi bezolimo kudingeka baqhubeke bethuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kanye nekhwalithi, futhi umanyolo okhethekile unganikeza umsoco ophelele wezitshalo, ukhuthaze ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwazo, futhi uthuthukise isivuno nekhwalithi.Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa kwabathengi ngokuphepha kokudla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, umanyolo we-organic, umanyolo we-biological kanye nobunye umanyolo okhethekile ovikela imvelo, osebenza kahle futhi ophephile uthandwa kakhulu yimakethe.Ngakho-ke, isidingo semakethe esizayo somanyolo okhethekile sizoqhubeka sikhula.Ngokwemininingwane, imakethe kamanyolo ekhethekile yomhlaba wonke ikhombise ukukhula ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje.Phakathi kwazo, imakethe kamanyolo ekhethekile e-Asia ikhula ngokushesha, ehlobene kakhulu nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zezolimo kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho wasemakhaya emazweni asathuthuka njengeChina.E-China, uhulumeni uye wandisa ukwesekwa kwakhe kwezolimo eminyakeni yamuva nje, okukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa nokuguqulwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezolimo, ehlinzeka ngendawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe kamanyolo ekhethekile.
2. Ukuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni kamanyolo ekhethekile akukwazi ukuhlukaniswa nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe.Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe lomanyolo okhethekile nalo lithuthuka njalo.Ngokuzayo, ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe kuzoba amandla abalulekile okukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni kamanyolo ekhethekile.Ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa komanyolo omusha kuzothuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe kamanyolo eyisipesheli.Njengamanje, ama-fertilizer amasha ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa ama-biofertilizers, ama-organic fertilizers, ama-fertilizer asebenzayo, njll. Lezi manyolo zinezinzuzo zokuvikela imvelo, ukusebenza kahle, ukuphepha, njll, futhi zingahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zabakhiqizi bezolimo nabathengi.Ngokuzayo, ngoguquko oluqhubekayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa komanyolo omusha kuzoqhubeka nokwenza inqubekelaphambili entsha, kunikeze izinketho eziningi zokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe kamanyolo ekhethekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-17-2024