Umanyolo okhethekile ubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto ezikhethekile, wamukele ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile ukukhiqiza umphumela omuhle womanyolo okhethekile. Wengeza into eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, futhi uneminye imiphumela ebalulekile ngaphandle komanyolo, ukuze kufezwe injongo yokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo, ukuthuthukisa isivuno sezitshalo, kanye nokuthuthukisa nokulungisa inhlabathi. Izinzuzo zawo eziyinhloko izindleko eziphansi, ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho okuphezulu, ngokuhambisana nezidingo zesimanje zentuthuko "zokuvikelwa kwemvelo okusebenzayo, ukonga amandla aphansi ekhabhoni". Ngokuyinhloko uhlanganisa umanyolo oqinile, umanyolo owuketshezi, umanyolo omncane we-chelating, umanyolo wokukhipha ukhula lwasolwandle, umanyolo owuketshezi we-organic, umlawuli wokukhula kwezitshalo kanye nomanyolo wokulawula ukusetshenziswa kancane.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nomanyolo wendabuko, umanyolo okhethekile unezici zawo ezihlukile ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, ubuchwepheshe, indlela yokufaka isicelo kanye nomphumela wokufaka isicelo. Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa, ngokuya ngokucaciswa kwesidingo, umanyolo okhethekile ungahloselwa ukwengeza ezinye izakhi zokulandelela, kodwa futhi ungangeza izakhamzimba ezingekho kumanyolo wendabuko; Ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza umanyolo okhethekile buthuthuke kakhulu, njengobuchwepheshe bokuchela, ubuchwepheshe bokumboza, njll. Ngokuphathelene nezindlela zokufaka isicelo, umanyolo okhethekile usetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, njengokusetshenziswa kancane nokulawula umanyolo wezindlela zokudla eziqhubekayo; Ngokuphathelene nomphumela wokufaka isicelo, umanyolo okhethekile uqashelwa kancane kancane yimboni ngezinzuzo zawo zobungane bemvelo, ikhwalithi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle, izinga lokusetshenziswa eliphezulu, umanyolo oqondiwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlabathi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wezolimo, futhi ukuthandwa kwawo kuyaqhubeka nokukhula.
Isimo sokuthuthukiswa
Ngokuthuthuka kwezolimo zanamuhla, ukuphathwa kwezikali kanye nokuphathwa kwezimboni kuye kwabeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme zemvelo yomhlabathi. Indlela yendabuko yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni kamanyolo ayisakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusinda kwamabhizinisi kanye nabasebenzi abasha bezolimo. Umsebenzi kamanyolo awugcini nje ekuthuthukiseni isivuno sezitshalo. Umanyolo okhethekile onomsebenzi wokwandisa izinto eziphilayo zomhlabathi, ukuthuthukisa indawo yomhlabathi kanye nokwengeza izakhi zokulandelela ezitshalweni kudonsele ukunaka okwengeziwe, kanti umanyolo okhethekile nawo ulethe intuthuko esheshayo. Ngokusho kwedatha, ubukhulu bemakethe yemboni kamanyolo ekhethekile yaseShayina ngo-2021 buyi-yuan eyizigidigidi eziyi-174.717, ukwanda okungu-7%, kanti usayizi wemakethe yemboni ngo-2022 ungaba yi-yuan eyizigidigidi eziyi-185.68, ukwanda okungu-6.3%. Phakathi kwazo, umanyolo oncibilikayo emanzini kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamagciwane yizona zingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezibalelwa ku-39.8% kanye no-25.3%, ngokulandelana.
Umanyolo okhethekile ungathuthukisa imvelo yomhlabathi, uthuthukise ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yezolimo, uthuthukise izinzuzo zezomnotho zezolimo, uyisinqumo esingenakugwenywa sokukhuthaza intuthuko eluhlaza kwezolimo futhi uthathe indlela yentuthuko eqhubekayo. Ngokuthuthuka kokusetshenziswa kwezakhamuzi eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo siye sashintsha kancane kancane kusukela enanini kuya ekhwalithini, futhi isidingo sokukhiqiza umanyolo okhethekile eShayina siye saqhubeka nokukhula. Ngokusho kwedatha, ngo-2022, ukukhiqizwa komanyolo okhethekile eShayina kungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-33.4255, ukwanda ngo-6.6%; Isidingo sasingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-320.38, sikhuphuke ngo-6.9% unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokombono wentengo, eminyakeni yamuva nje, intengo yokuthengisa emaphakathi yemakethe kamanyolo okhethekile waseShayina ibonise ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo iyonke. Ngokusho kwedatha, intengo yokuthengisa emaphakathi yemakethe kamanyolo okhethekile waseShayina ngo-2022 icishe ibe yi-5,800 yuan/ton, yehle ngo-0.6% unyaka nonyaka, kanye nokwenyuka kwama-yuan angu-636/ton uma kuqhathaniswa no-2015.
Umkhuba wentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yemboni ekhethekile kamanyolo
1. Isidingo semakethe siyaqhubeka nokukhula
Ngokukhula kwenani labantu emhlabeni kanye nentuthuko yemboni yezolimo, isidingo sokudla nemikhiqizo yezolimo siyakhula. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo, abakhiqizi bezolimo badinga ukuthuthukisa njalo ukukhiqizwa kanye nekhwalithi, futhi umanyolo okhethekile ungahlinzeka ngokudla okunempilo okubanzi kwezitshalo, ukhuthaze ukukhula kanye nentuthuko yazo, futhi uthuthukise isivuno kanye nekhwalithi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa kwabathengi ngokuphepha kokudla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo, umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo kanye neminye imanyolo ekhethekile enobungani nemvelo, esebenza kahle futhi ephephile iyathandwa kakhulu yimakethe. Ngakho-ke, isidingo semakethe esizayo samanyolo akhethekile sizoqhubeka nokukhula. Ngokusho kwedatha, imakethe yomanyolo ekhethekile yomhlaba wonke ibonise ukuthambekela kokukhula okusheshayo eminyakeni yamuva nje. Phakathi kwazo, imakethe yomanyolo okhethekile e-Asia ikhula ngokushesha, okuhlobene kakhulu nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezolimo kanye nentuthuko yezomnotho yasemakhaya emazweni asathuthuka njengeShayina. EShayina, uhulumeni wandise ukwesekwa kwakhe kwezolimo eminyakeni yamuva nje, okukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuguqulwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezolimo, okunikeza nendawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yomanyolo okhethekile.
2. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yomanyolo okhethekile akukwazi ukuhlukaniswa nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe. Ngokuqhubeka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe lomanyolo okhethekile nakho kuyathuthuka njalo. Esikhathini esizayo, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kuzoba amandla abalulekile okukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yomanyolo okhethekile. Ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa komanyolo omusha kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yomanyolo okhethekile. Njengamanje, umanyolo omusha uhlanganisa ikakhulukazi ama-biofertilizer, umanyolo we-organic, umanyolo osebenzayo, njll. Lawa manyolo anezinzuzo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukusebenza kahle, ukuphepha, njll., futhi angahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zabakhiqizi bezolimo nabathengi. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuguqulwa okuqhubekayo nokusetshenziswa kwemiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa komanyolo omusha kuzoqhubeka nokwenza intuthuko entsha, kunikeze izinketho ezengeziwe zokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yomanyolo okhethekile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-17-2024