Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi ukulunywa omiyane kwenzeka kaningi emini, ukucwilisa izindwangu ngemithi evamile yokuxosha izinambuzane kuyindlela elula nephumelelayo.
Kusukela e-Afrika kuya eLatin America, bese kuba se-Asia, amakhulu eminyaka omama bebesonga izingane zabo ngendwangu futhi bezithwala emhlane. Namuhla, leli siko, elidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, lingaba ikhambi elisindisa ukuphila komalaleveva.
Abacwaningi e-Uganda bathole ukuthi ukwelapha amaphasela nge-permethrin yesibulala-zinambuzane kunganciphisa amazinga kamalaleveva phakathi kwezinsana ezingaphakathi kwamaphasela ngezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu.
Umalaleveva ubulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-600,000 minyaka yonke, iningi labo ngabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu e-Afrika.
Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe edolobhaneni lasemakhaya laseKasese entshonalanga ye-Uganda kwakubandakanya omama abangu-400 kanye nezinsana zabo, abaneminyaka engaba yizinyanga eziyisithupha. Ingxenye yezinsana yasebenzisa amanabukeni aphathwe nge-permethrin, aziwa endaweni ngokuthi “i-lesus,” kanti enye ingxenye yasebenzisa amanabukeni avamile angelashwanga, afakwe emanzini nje, njengombulali womiyane “ongamanga”.
Abacwaningi babalandele izinyanga eziyisithupha ukuze babone ukuthi yiziphi izinsana ezithola umalaleveva futhi zelaphe kabusha amanabukeni nyanga zonke.
Izinsana eziboshwe ngamanabukeni aphathwe zazinamathuba amancane okuthi zingenwe yi-malaria ngezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu. Kuleli qembu lezinsana, izinga lokutheleleka yi-malaria lalingu-0.73 ezinsaneni eziyi-100 ngesonto, uma kuqhathaniswa no-2.14 ezinsaneni eziyi-100 ngesonto kwelinye iqembu.
Umama othile, owayekhona emhlanganweni womphakathi ukuze kuxoxwe ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa, wasukuma watshela wonke umuntu, “Nginabantwana abahlanu. Lesi yisikhathi sokuqala ngithwala ingane nge-napkin elashwe kahle, futhi futhi yisikhathi sokuqala ngibelethe ingane engakaze ibe ne-malaria.”
U-Edgar Mugma Mulogo, uprofesa wezempilo yomphakathi kanye nomcwaningi oholayo e-Mbalala University of Science and Technology e-Uganda, uthe okutholakele “kujabulisa kakhulu” kuwo wonke umuntu.
"Besilindele izinzuzo ezingaba khona, kodwa samangala kakhulu ukuthi lezo zinzuzo zaba zinkulu kangakanani."
Umbhali ohamba naye phambili, uDkt. Ross Boyce wase-University of North Carolina eChapel Hill, washaqeka wathi lokhu kuhlola kufanele kuphindwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela. “Ngempela, ngangingaqiniseki ekuqaleni ukuthi lo mphumela uzophumelela,” kusho uBoyce, “kodwa yingakho senza ucwaningo.”
Omiyane abathwala amagciwane e-malaria bavame ukudla ebusuku, ngakho-ke amanetha omiyane abelokhu edlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni umalaleveva.
Kodwa-ke, ziya ngokuya ziluma abantu ngezikhathi ezingezona ezokudla kakhulu, njengakusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu, okungaba yindlela yokuzivumelanisa namanethi omiyane.
UMulogo uthe: “Ngaphambi kokulala, uma ungaphandle – ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya lapho amakhishi engaphandle futhi abantu bengase badle ngaphandle – sidinga futhi ukuthola ikhambi lokuvimbela ukulunywa okungasakaza umalaleveva.”
Uthe amanabukeni atholakala yonke indawo kule miphakathi futhi awasetshenziswa nje kuphela ekuthwaleni izingane kodwa futhi njengamashawl, amashidi, nama-apron. Uthemba ukuthi amanabukeni aphathwe angaba ithuluzi ekulweni kwe-Uganda ne-malaria. Uqaphele ukuthi isidingo esinjalo sesivele sivele emiphakathini ehlanganyela ocwaningweni.
Izikhulu zezempilo zase-Uganda kanye nenhloko yohlelo lwe-World Health Organisation lomalariya lwamazwe ngamazwe baveze ukukhathazeka ngalolu cwaningo. Lolu cwaningo lungaba usizo ezinsaneni, njengoba umphumela wokuvikela wama-antibodies omama uphela kancane kancane, ngokuvamile ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ingane igonywe.
Lolu cwaningo lwakhiwe futhi ezifundweni zangaphambilini zokwelapha ama-shawl emakamu ababaleki base-Afghanistan, ezibonise impumelelo efanayo. Iziqondiso ze-World Health Organization sezivele ziyawuqaphela umphumela wokuvikela wezingubo eziphathwe nge-permethrin ekuvimbeleni umalaleveva.
UMulogo unethemba lokuqalisa ukukhiqizwa kwamafilimu okudla afakwe endaweni esikhathini esizayo. "Leli kungaba ithuba elihle lokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi lendawo."
Abacwaningi bathi kudingeka izinyathelo eziningana ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kabanzi, okuhlanganisa nokunikeza ubufakazi bokusebenza kahle kwale ndlela kwezinye izindawo.
UBoyce uthe lesi sibulala-zinambuzane sinomlando omuhle wokuphepha futhi sisetshenziswe embonini yezindwangu iminyaka eminingi, okuhlanganisa nebutho lase-US. Waqala ukuhlangana nalesi sibulala-zinambuzane ngesikhathi ekhonza e-Iraq.
Izinsana eziboshwe ngamanabukeni aphathwe nge-permethrin zazinengozi enkulu kancane yokuba nokuqhuma—8.5% kanye no-6%, ngokulandelana—kodwa zonke izimo zazincane futhi azidingi ukukhishwa ocwaningweni. UBoyce noMulogo bathi kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwale ndlela, kodwa izinzuzo zayo cishe zidlula noma yiziphi izingozi.
UBoyce unethemba lokutadisha ukuthi ukwelapha iyunifomu yesikole kunganciphisa yini ukwanda komalaleveva. Kodwa-ke, uthe okwamanje akanayo imali yesigaba esilandelayo socwaningo.
Uthemba ukuthi ukuba lula kwale ndlela kuzoheha abaxhasi. “Ngisho nomama uyaqonda ukuthi senzani. Akukhona mayelana nanoma yisiphi isithiyo se-fusion protein noma yini efana naleyo. Sithathe nje izicubu, sazicwilisa, futhi kushibhile kakhulu,” kusho yena.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-20-2026