Amanethi aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane (ama-ITN) abe yitshe lesisekelo lokuvimbela umalaleveva eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo kabanzi kudlale indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo nasekusindiseni izimpilo. Kusukela ngo-2000, imizamo yokulawula umalaleveva yomhlaba wonke, okuhlanganisa nemikhankaso ye-ITN, ivimbele amacala angaphezu kwezigidigidi ezimbili omalaleveva kanye nokufa kwabantu abacishe babe yizigidi ezingu-13.
Naphezu kwentuthuko ethile, omiyane abadlulisela umalaleveva ezindaweni eziningi baye bathuthukisa ukumelana nezifo.izibulala-zinambuzaneezisetshenziswa kakhulu emanetheni ombhede aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane (ama-ITN), ikakhulukazi ama-pyrethroids. Lokhu kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kwezibulala-zinambuzane futhi kwanciphisa intuthuko ekuvimbeleni umalaleveva. Lolu songo olukhulayo luye lwashukumisela abacwaningi ukuba basheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwamanethi ombhede amasha ahlinzeka ngesivikelo esihlala isikhathi eside ngokumelene nomalaleveva.
Ngo-2018, i-UNITAID kanye ne-Global Fund baqalise iphrojekthi ye-New Nets, eholwa yi-Coalition for Innovative Malaria Vector Control, ngokubambisana eduze nezinhlelo zikazwelonke zomalaleveva kanye nabanye abalingani, okuhlanganisa ne-US President's Malaria Initiative, i-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation kanye ne-MedAccess. Le phrojekthi isekela ukukhiqizwa kobufakazi kanye namaphrojekthi okuhlola ukusheshisa ukushintshela emanethini omiyane aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane ezimbili e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara ukuze kulungiswe ukumelana ne-pyrethroid.
Amanethiwekhi aqala ukusetshenziswa eBurkina Faso ngo-2019, kwabe sekusetshenziswa eBenin, eMozambique, eRwanda kanye nase-United Republic of Tanzania ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwawo ezimweni ezahlukene.
Ekupheleni kuka-2022, iphrojekthi ye-New Mosquito Nets, ngokubambisana ne-Global Fund kanye ne-US President's Malaria Initiative, yayisifake amanethi omiyane angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-56 emazweni angu-17 e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara lapho kuye kwabikwa khona ukuthi kukhona ukumelana nezinambuzane.
Izivivinyo zemitholampilo kanye nezifundo zokuhlola zikhombisile ukuthi amanethi aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane asebenza kabili asebenza kahle ngo-20-50% ekulawuleni umalaleveva kunamanethi ajwayelekile aqukethe ama-pyrethroids kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo zemitholampilo e-United Republic of Tanzania naseBenin zikhombisile ukuthi amanethi aqukethe ama-pyrethroids kanye ne-chlorfenapyr anciphisa kakhulu ukwanda komalaleveva ezinganeni ezineminyaka ephakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweyishumi.
Ukuqinisa ukuqapha, ukuqapha kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsongo zezinto eziphilayo ezifana nokumelana nezibulala-zinambuzane, izinhlobo ezihlaselayo kanye nezinguquko ekuziphatheni kwezilwane ezithwala izinambuzane kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni nasekuqedeni ukusabalala komalaleveva ekugcineni. Kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukutshala imali kumathuluzi amasha okubhekana nalezi zinselele ezivelayo.
Ukwandisa nokuqapha amanethi omiyane, imijovo kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obusha obusha kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo ezinhlelweni zokulawula nokuqeda umalaleveva, okuhlanganisa nokuqinisekisa ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwe-Global Fund kanye ne-Gavi, i-Vaccine Alliance.
Ngaphezu kwamanethi amasha ombhede, abacwaningi bathuthukisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okulawula izinambuzane, njengemithi yokuxosha izinambuzane, izithiyo zasekhaya ezibulalayo (amashubhu enduku yesihenqo), kanye nomiyane abaklanywe ngofuzo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 11-2025