1. Ukolweni wasentwasahlobo
Kubandakanya iSifunda Esizimele sase-Inner Mongolia esimaphakathi, iSifunda Esizimele sase-Ningxia Hui esisenyakatho, iSifundazwe sase-Gansu esimaphakathi nesentshonalanga, iSifundazwe sase-Qinghai esisempumalanga kanye neSifunda Esizimele sase-Xinjiang Uygur.
(1) Isimiso sokukhulelwa
1. Ngokwezimo zezulu kanye nokuzala kwenhlabathi, nquma isivuno esiqondiwe, lungisa ukufakwa komanyolo we-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, sebenzisa umanyolo we-potassium ngokufanele, bese wengeza umanyolo omncane ngenani elifanele ngokusekelwe ezimweni zezakhamzimba zenhlabathi.
2. Khuthaza inani eliphelele lotshani okufanele bubuyiselwe ensimini, wandise ukusetshenziswa komanyolo wemvelo, bese uhlanganisa imvelo kanye nemvelo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvunda kwenhlabathi, kwandiswe umkhiqizo futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi.
3. Hlanganisa i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium, faka umanyolo oyisisekelo kusenesikhathi, bese ufaka umanyolo ophezulu ngobuchule. Lawula ngokuqinile ukusetshenziswa komanyolo oyisisekelo kanye nekhwalithi yokuhlwanyela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izithombo zicocekile, ziphelele futhi ziqinile. Ukufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi kungavimbela ukolweni ekuchumeni ngokweqile futhi uhlale esigabeni sokuqala, kanye nokuphelelwa umanyolo kanye nokunciphisa isivuno esigabeni sokugcina.
4. Inhlanganisela yemvelo yokugqoka okuphezulu kanye nokunisela. Sebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa kwamanzi nomanyolo noma ukugqoka okuphezulu ngaphambi kokunisela, bese ufafaza i-zinc, i-boron kanye neminye imifino ye-trace element esigabeni sokuqala.
(2) Isiphakamiso sokuvundisa
1. Ncoma i-17-18-10 (N-P2O5-K2O) noma ifomula efanayo, bese wandisa ukusetshenziswa komquba wepulazi ngama-cubic metres angu-2-3/mu lapho izimo zivuma khona.
2. Izinga lesivuno lingaphansi kuka-300 kg/mu, umanyolo oyisisekelo ungama-25-30 kg/mu, kanti i-urea efakwa phezulu ingama-6-8 kg/mu kuhlanganiswe nokunisela kusukela esikhathini sokukhuphuka kuya esikhathini sokuhlangana.
3. Izinga lokukhipha lingu-300-400 kg/mu, umanyolo oyisisekelo ungu-30-35 kg/mu, kanti i-urea efakwa phezulu ingu-8-10 kg/mu kuhlanganiswe nokunisela kusukela esikhathini sokukhuphuka kuya esikhathini sokuhlangana.
4. Izinga lesivuno lingu-400-500 kg/mu, umanyolo oyisisekelo ungu-35-40 kg/mu, kanti i-urea efakwa phezulu ingu-10-12 kg/mu kuhlanganiswe nokunisela kusukela esikhathini sokukhuphuka kuya esikhathini sokuhlangana.
5. Izinga lokukhipha lingu-500-600 kg/mu, umanyolo oyisisekelo ungu-40-45 kg/mu, kanti i-urea efakwa phezulu ingu-12-14 kg/mu kuhlanganiswe nokunisela kusukela esikhathini sokukhuphuka kuya esikhathini sokuhlangana.
6. Izinga lesivuno lingaphezu kuka-600 kg/mu, umanyolo oyisisekelo ungama-45-50 kg/mu, kanti i-urea efakwa phezulu ingama-14-16 kg/mu kuhlanganiswe nokunisela kusukela esikhathini sokukhuphuka kuya esikhathini sokuhlangana.
2. Amazambane
(1) Indawo yokuqala yokutshala amazambane enyakatho
Kubandakanya iSifunda Esizimele sase-Inner Mongolia, iSifundazwe saseGansu, iSifunda Esizimele saseNingxia Hui, iSifundazwe saseHebei, iSifundazwe saseShanxi, iSifundazwe saseShaanxi, iSifundazwe saseQinghai, iSifunda Esizimele saseXinjiang Uygur.
1. Isimiso sokukhulelwa
(1) Nquma inani elifanele lamanyolo we-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwenhlabathi kanye nesivuno esiqondiwe.
(2) Nciphisa isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa komanyolo we-nitrogen oyisisekelo, wandise ngokufanele inani lokufaka umanyolo phezulu, futhi uqinise ukutholakala komanyolo we-nitrogen esikhathini sokwakheka kwe-tuber kanye nesikhathi sokwanda kwe-tuber.
(3) Ngokwesimo sezakhamzimba zomhlabathi, umanyolo wezinto eziphakathi nendawo kanye nowokulandelela ufafazwa emaqabungeni ngesikhathi sokukhula okunamandla kwamazambane.
(4) Khulisa ukusetshenziswa kwezivundisi ze-organic, bese usebenzisa izivundisi ze-organic kanye ne-inorganic ngokuhlanganiswa. Uma izivundisi ze-organic zisetshenziswa njengezivundisi eziyisisekelo, inani lezivundisi zamakhemikhali lingancishiswa uma kufanele.
(5) Ukuhlanganiswa kokusetshenziswa komanyolo kanye nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane nokhula, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukulawulwa kwezifo.
(6) Ezindaweni ezinezimo ezifana nokunisela ngamaconsi kanye nokunisela nge-sprinkler, ukuhlanganiswa kwamanzi kanye nomanyolo kufanele kuqaliswe.
2. Iseluleko sokuvundisa
(1) Emhlabeni owomile onezinga lesivuno elingaphansi kuka-1000 kg/mu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo wefomula ongu-19-10-16 (N-P2O5-K2O) noma umanyolo wefomula onefomula efanayo engu-35-40 kg/mu. Faka kanye ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela.
(2) Emhlabeni oniselwayo onezinga lesivuno esingu-1000-2000 kg/mu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo wefomula (11-18-16) 40 kg/mu, ukwengeza i-urea ngaphezulu 8-12 kg/mu kusukela esigabeni sokutshala izithombo kuya esigabeni sokukhula kwe-tuber, i-Potassium sulfate 5-7 kg/mu.
(3) Emhlabeni oniselwayo onezinga lesivuno esingu-2000-3000 kg/mu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo wefomula (11-18-16) ongu-50 kg/mu njengomanyolo wembewu, kanye nokufaka umanyolo we-urea ongu-15-18 kg/mu ngezigaba kusukela esigabeni sokutshala izithombo kuya esigabeni sokukhula kwe-tuber Mu, i-potassium sulfate engu-7-10 kg/mu.
(4) Emhlabeni oniselwayo onezinga lesivuno elingaphezu kuka-3000 kg/mu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo wefomula (11-18-16) 60 kg/mu njengomanyolo wembewu, kanye nokufaka umanyolo we-urea 20-22 kg/mu ngezigaba kusukela esigabeni sokutshala izithombo kuya esigabeni sokukhula kwe-tuber, i-Potassium sulfate 10-13 kg/mu.
(2) Indawo Yamazambane YaseNingizimu Yentwasahlobo
Kubandakanya iSifundazwe saseYunnan, iSifundazwe saseGuizhou, iSifundazwe Esizimele saseGuangxi Zhuang, iSifundazwe saseGuangdong, iSifundazwe saseHunan, iSifundazwe saseSichuan, kanye neDolobha laseChongqing.
Izincomo Zokuvundisa
(1) Kunconywa i-13-15-17 (N-P2O5-K2O) noma ifomula efanayo njengomanyolo oyisisekelo, kanti i-urea kanye ne-potassium sulfate (noma umanyolo we-nitrogen-potassium compound) kusetshenziswa njengomanyolo wokufaka isithako; i-15-5-20 noma ifomula efanayo nayo ingakhethwa njengomanyolo wokufaka isithako.
(2) Izinga lesivuno lingaphansi kuka-1500 kg/mu, futhi kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo wefomula ongu-40 kg/mu njengomanyolo oyisisekelo; ukufaka umanyolo we-urea ongu-3-5 kg/mu kanye no-4-5 kg/mu we-potassium sulfate kusukela esigabeni sokutshala izithombo kuya esigabeni sokukhula kwe-tuber, noma ukufaka umanyolo we-top Faka umanyolo wefomula (15-5-20) ongu-10 kg/mu.
(3) Izinga lesivuno lingu-1500-2000 kg/mu, kanti umanyolo oyisisekelo onconywayo ungama-40 kg/mu womanyolo wefomula; ukufaka umanyolo ophezulu ongu-5-10 kg/mu we-urea kanye no-5-10 kg/mu we-potassium sulfate kusukela esigabeni sokutshala izithombo kuya esigabeni sokukhula kwe-tuber, noma ukufaka umanyolo wefomula phezulu (15-5-20) 10-15 kg/mu.
(4) Izinga lesivuno lingu-2000-3000 kg/mu, kanti umanyolo oyisisekelo onconywayo ungama-50 kg/mu womanyolo wefomula; ukufaka umanyolo ophezulu ongu-5-10 kg/mu we-urea kanye no-8-12 kg/mu we-potassium sulfate kusukela esigabeni sokutshala izithombo kuya esigabeni sokukhula kwe-tuber, noma ukufaka umanyolo wefomula phezulu (15-5-20) 15-20 kg/mu.
(5) Izinga lesivuno lingaphezu kuka-3000 kg/mu, futhi kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo wefomula ongu-60 kg/mu njengomanyolo oyisisekelo; ukufaka umanyolo we-urea ongu-10-15 kg/mu kanye ne-potassium sulfate ongu-10-15 kg/mu ngezigaba kusukela esigabeni sokutshala izithombo kuya esigabeni sokukhula kwe-tuber, noma ukufaka umanyolo wefomula (15-5-20) ongu-20-25 kg/mu.
(6) Faka umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo ongama-200-500 kg noma amamitha-skwele angu-2-3 omquba wepulazi obolile nge-mu njengomanyolo oyisisekelo; ngokuya ngenani lomanyolo wezinto eziphilayo, inani lomanyolo wamakhemikhali lingancishiswa njengoba kufanele.
(7) Enhlabathini engenabo i-boron noma engenazo i-zinc, kungasetshenziswa i-1 kg/mu ye-borax noma i-1 kg/mu ye-zinc sulfate.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-19-2022