Amazambane, ukolweni, ilayisi, nommbila kwaziwa ndawonye njengezitshalo ezine ezibalulekile zokudla emhlabeni, futhi kunesikhundla esibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wezolimo waseShayina. Amazambane, abizwa nangokuthi amazambane, ayimifino evamile ezimpilweni zethu. Angenziwa abe izibiliboco eziningi. Aqukethe inani eliningi lokudla okunempilo kunezinye izithelo nemifino. Acebile kakhulu ngesitashi, amaminerali kanye namaprotheni. Ane-"apula angaphansi komhlaba". Isihloko. Kodwa enkambisweni yokutshala amazambane, abalimi bavame ukuhlangana nezinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene, ezithinta kakhulu izinzuzo zokutshala zabalimi. Esikhathini esifudumele nesinomswakama, ukwanda kwesifo sofuba samazambane kuphakeme. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izimpawu zofuba lwamaqabunga amazambane? Ungakuvimbela kanjani?
Izimpawu zengozi Zilimaza kakhulu amaqabunga, iningi lawo eliyisifo sokuqala emaqabungeni aphansi avuthiwe ezigabeni eziphakathi nasekupheleni kokukhula. Amaqabunga amazambane athelelekile, aqala eduze komphetho weqabunga noma esicongweni, amabala abomvu ansundu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka akheka esigabeni sokuqala, bese kancane kancane ekhula abe amabala amakhulu abomvu ansundu anombala ophuzi amise okwe-"V", anamaphethini endandatho angabonakali, kanti imiphetho yangaphandle yamabala anesifo ivame ukuba yi-Chlorescence kanye nokuphuzi, futhi ekugcineni amaqabunga abomvu abomvu futhi ashisiwe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amabala ambalwa ansundu amnyama angakhiqizwa ezindaweni ezinesifo, okungukuthi, i-conidia yegciwane. Ngezinye izikhathi ingatheleleka ngeziqu kanye nemivini, yakhe amabala abomvu ansundu angabunjiwe, futhi kamuva ingakhiqiza amabala amancane ansundu engxenyeni enesifo.
Iphethini yokuvela Ukulimala kwamaqabunga e-potato kubangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-fungus engaphelele i-Phoma vulgaris. Le pathogen ihlala ebusika enhlabathini nge-sclerotium noma i-hyphae kanye nezicubu ezinesifo, futhi ingahlala ebusika nakwezinye izinsalela zomsingathi. Uma izimo zonyaka olandelayo zifanelekile, amanzi emvula afafaza amagciwane asemhlabathini emaqabunga noma eziqwini ukuze abangele ukutheleleka kokuqala. Ngemva kokuba lesi sifo sivele, i-sclerotia noma i-conidia ikhiqizwa engxenyeni enesifo. Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe ngosizo lwamanzi emvula kubangela ukuthi lesi sifo sisabalale. Umswakama ofudumele nophezulu ukhuthaza ukwenzeka nokwanda kwalesi sifo. Lesi sifo sibi kakhulu ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi embi, ukuphathwa okubanzi, ukutshala ngokweqile, kanye nokukhula kwezitshalo okubuthakathaka.
Izindlela zokuvimbela nokulawula Izindlela zezolimo: khetha izindawo ezivundile kakhulu zokutshala, ulawule ubuningi bokutshala obufanele; wandise umanyolo wemvelo, bese usebenzisa umanyolo we-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium ngokufanele; uqinise ukuphathwa ngesikhathi sokukhula, ukunisela kanye nokufaka umanyolo phezulu ngesikhathi, ukuvimbela ukuguga kwezitshalo ngaphambi kwesikhathi; ngesikhathi esifanele ngemva kokuvuna Susa izidumbu ezigulayo ensimini bese uzibhubhisa ngendlela ephakathi.
Ukulawulwa kwamakhemikhali: ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa ngesifutho esigabeni sokuqala sesifo. Esigabeni sokuqala sesifo, ungakhetha ukusebenzisa i-70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder izikhathi ezingu-600 uketshezi, noma i-70% mancozeb WP izikhathi ezingu-600 uketshezi, noma i-50% iprodione WP 1200 Uketshezi oluphindaphindayo + 50% Dibendazim wettable powder izikhathi ezingu-500 uketshezi, noma i-50% Vincenzolide WP izikhathi ezingu-1500 uketshezi + 70% Mancozeb WP izikhathi ezingu-800 uketshezi, noma i-560g/L Azoxybacter·Isikhathi uketshezi oluphindwe izikhathi ezingu-800-1200 lwe-Junqing suspending agent, i-5% chlorothalonil powder 1kg-2kg/mu, noma i-5% kasugamycin·copper hydroxide powder 1kg/mu ingasetshenziswa futhi ekutshaleni ezindaweni ezivikelwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-15-2021