Ngaphansi kwesizinda sokwehla kwengcindezi yomnotho womhlaba kanye nokususwa kwesitoko, imboni yamakhemikhali yomhlaba wonke ngo-2023 ihlangabezane novivinyo lokuchuma okuphelele, futhi isidingo semikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ngokuvamile sehlulekile ukuhlangabezana nokulindelekile.
Imboni yamakhemikhali yaseYurophu ibhekene nobunzima ngaphansi kwezingcindezi ezimbili zezindleko kanye nesidingo, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwayo kubhekene nenselele enkulu ngenxa yezinkinga zesakhiwo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2022, ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali ku-EU27 kubonise ukwehla okuqhubekayo inyanga nenyanga. Nakuba lokhu kwehla kwehle engxenyeni yesibili ka-2023, ngokululama okuncane okulandelanayo ekukhiqizeni, indlela eya ekululameni kwemboni yamakhemikhali yesifunda isalokhu igcwele izithiyo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhula kwesidingo esibuthakathaka, amanani aphezulu kagesi wesifunda (amanani kagesi emvelo asengaphezu kuka-50% ngaphezu kwamazinga ka-2021), kanye nokucindezeleka okuqhubekayo ezindleleni zokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulandela izinselelo zochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa okubangelwe yinkinga yoLwandle Olubomvu ngoDisemba 23 ngonyaka odlule, isimo samanje se-geopolitical eMpumalanga Ephakathi sisenkingeni, okungaba nomthelela ekululameni kwemboni yamakhemikhali yomhlaba wonke.
Nakuba izinkampani zamakhemikhali zomhlaba wonke zinethemba ngokuqapha mayelana nokululama kwemakethe ngo-2024, isikhathi esiqondile sokululama asikacaci. Izinkampani ze-agrochemical ziyaqhubeka nokuqapha mayelana nempahla ejwayelekile yomhlaba wonke, okuzoba yingcindezi futhi engxenyeni enkulu ka-2024.
Imakethe yamakhemikhali yaseNdiya ikhula ngokushesha
Imakethe yamakhemikhali yaseNdiya ikhula ngamandla. Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwe-Manufacturing Today, imakethe yamakhemikhali yaseNdiya kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingu-2.71% eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, kanti imali engenayo iyonke kulindeleke ukuthi ikhuphuke ifike ku-$143.3 billion. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani lezinkampani kulindeleke ukuthi likhuphuke lifike ku-15,730 ngo-2024, okuqinisa isikhundla esibalulekile saseNdiya embonini yamakhemikhali yomhlaba wonke. Ngokwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali kwasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe kanye nokwanda kwamandla okusungula izinto ezintsha embonini, imboni yamakhemikhali yaseNdiya kulindeleke ukuthi idlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu esigabeni somhlaba wonke.
Imboni yamakhemikhali yaseNdiya ibonise ukusebenza okuqinile kwezomnotho. Ukuma okuvulekile kukahulumeni waseNdiya, kanye nokusungulwa kwendlela yokugunyazwa okuzenzakalelayo, kuthuthukise ukuzethemba kwabatshalizimali futhi kwafaka ugqozi olusha ekuchumeni okuqhubekayo kwemboni yamakhemikhali. Phakathi kuka-2000 no-2023, imboni yamakhemikhali yaseNdiya idonsele utshalomali oluqondile lwangaphandle (i-FDI) oluhlanganisiwe lwamaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingama-21.7, okuhlanganisa nokutshalwa kwezimali okuqondiswe yizinkampani ezinkulu zamakhemikhali zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-BASF, i-Covestro kanye ne-Saudi Aramco.
Izinga lokukhula kwaminyaka yonke elihlanganisiwe embonini yezolimo yaseNdiya lizofinyelela ku-9% kusukela ngo-2025 kuya ku-2028
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imakethe yamakhemikhali ezolimo yaseNdiya kanye nemboni kusheshise intuthuko, uhulumeni waseNdiya ubheka imboni yamakhemikhali ezolimo njengenye "yezimboni eziyi-12 ezinethuba elikhulu lobuholi bomhlaba wonke eNdiya", futhi ukhuthaza ngenkuthalo i-"Make in India" ukuze kube lula ukulawulwa kwemboni yezibulala-zinambuzane, ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda, nokulwela ukukhuthaza iNdiya ukuba ibe yisikhungo sokukhiqiza nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe amakhemikhali ezolimo emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngokusho koMnyango Wezohwebo waseNdiya, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamakhemikhali ezolimo eNdiya ngo-2022 kwakungamaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingama-5.5, kudlula i-United States ($5.4 billion) ukuze ibe ngumthengisi wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni wamakhemikhali ezolimo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbiko wakamuva ovela ku-Rubix Data Sciences ubikezela ukuthi imboni yamakhemikhali ezolimo yaseNdiya kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule kakhulu phakathi neminyaka yezimali ka-2025 kuya ku-2028, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esingu-9%. Lokhu kukhula kuzothuthukisa usayizi wemakethe yemboni kusukela ku-$10.3 billion yamanje kuya ku-$14.5 billion.
Phakathi kuka-FY2019 no-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamakhemikhali ezolimo eNdiya kukhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingu-14% safinyelela ku-$5.4 billion ngo-FY2023. Okwamanje, ukukhula kokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwehla, kwakhula ku-CAGR yamaphesenti angu-6 kuphela esikhathini esifanayo. Ukuhlushwa kwezimakethe ezinkulu zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zamakhemikhali ezolimo eNdiya kukhuphuke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, kanti amazwe amahlanu aphezulu (iBrazil, i-USA, iVietnam, iShayina neJapan) acishe abe ngu-65% wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, okuwukwenyuka okukhulu kusuka ku-48% ngo-FY2019. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamakhemikhali okubulala ukhula, ingxenye encane ebalulekile yamakhemikhali ezolimo, kukhule ku-CAGR ka-23% phakathi kuka-FY2019 no-2023, okwandisa isabelo sawo sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamakhemikhali ezolimo eNdiya kusuka ku-31% kuya ku-41%.
Ngenxa yomthelela omuhle wokulungiswa kwempahla kanye nokwanda komkhiqizo, izinkampani zamakhemikhali zaseNdiya kulindeleke ukuthi zibone ukwanda kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kukhula kungenzeka kuhlale kungaphansi kwezinga lokubuya okulindelekile ngo-2025 wezimali ngemuva kokwehla komnotho okwenzeka ngo-2024 wezimali. Uma ukululama komnotho waseYurophu kuqhubeka nokuhamba kancane noma kungaguquguquki, umbono wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe wezinkampani zamakhemikhali zaseNdiya ngo-FY2025 uzobhekana nezinselelo ngokungenakugwenywa. Ukulahlekelwa umkhawulo wokuncintisana embonini yamakhemikhali ye-EU kanye nokwanda okujwayelekile kokuzethemba phakathi kwezinkampani zaseNdiya kunganikeza ithuba embonini yamakhemikhali yaseNdiya ukuthi ithathe isikhundla esingcono emakethe yomhlaba wonke.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-14-2024