Isingeniso:Isibulala-zinambuzaneAmanethi omiyane aphathwe ngemithi (ama-ITN) avame ukusetshenziswa njengesivikelo somzimba ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nge-malaria. Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokunciphisa umthwalo we-malaria e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara ukusebenzisa ama-ITN. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukuntuleka kolwazi olwanele ngokusetshenziswa kwama-ITN nezici ezihlobene nawo e-Ethiopia.
Amanethi okulala alashwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane ayisu lokulawula izinambuzane elingabizi kakhulu lokuvimbela umalaleveva futhi kufanele aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane futhi agcinwe njalo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamanethi okulala alashwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane ezindaweni ezivame kakhulu umalaleveva kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela ukudluliswa komalaleveva1. Ngokusho kwe-World Health Organisation ngo-2020, cishe ingxenye yabantu bomhlaba isengozini yokuba nomalaleveva, kanti iningi lamacala nokufa kwenzeka e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara, okuhlanganisa ne-Ethiopia. Kodwa-ke, inani elikhulu lamacala nokufa kuye kwabikwa nasezifundeni ze-WHO South-East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific kanye naseMelika1,2.
Amathuluzi: Idatha yaqoqwa kusetshenziswa uhlu lwemibuzo oluqondiswa ngumxoxi kanye nohlu lokuhlola lokubuka, olwakhiwe ngokusekelwe ezifundweni ezishicilelwe ezifanele kanye nokuguqulwa okuthile31. Uhlu lwemibuzo locwaningo lwalunezigaba ezinhlanu: izici zomphakathi, ukusetshenziswa kanye nolwazi lwe-ITN, isakhiwo somndeni kanye nosayizi womndeni, kanye nezici zomuntu siqu/zokuziphatha, ezenzelwe ukuqoqa ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nabahlanganyeli. Lolu hlu lokuhlola lwalunamandla okuzungeza okubonwe okwenziwe. Lwalunamathiselwe eduze kohlu lwemibuzo lomndeni ngamunye ukuze abasebenzi basensimini bakwazi ukuhlola okubonwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ingxoxo. Njengesitatimende sokuziphatha, abahlanganyeli bocwaningo lwethu bahlanganisa izifundo zabantu kanye nezifundo ezihilela izifundo zabantu kumele zihambisane neSimemezelo saseHelsinki. Ngakho-ke, ikomidi lesikhungo se-Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, i-Bahir Dar University lavuma zonke izinqubo kufaka phakathi noma yimiphi imininingwane efanele, eyenziwa ngokuhambisana neziqondiso nemithethonqubo efanele, futhi kwatholakala imvume enolwazi kubo bonke abahlanganyeli.
Kwezinye izindawo, kungase kube nokungaqondani noma ukumelana nokusetshenziswa kwamanethi aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okuncane. Ezinye izindawo zingase zibhekane nezinselele ezihlukile njengezingxabano, ukufuduka, noma ubumpofu obukhulu obunganciphisa kakhulu ukusatshalaliswa nokusetshenziswa kwamanethi aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane, njengesifunda saseBenishangul Gumuz Metekel.
Lo mehluko ungase ubangelwe yizici eziningana, okuhlanganisa isikhathi esiphakathi kwezifundo (isilinganiso seminyaka eyisithupha), umehluko ekuqwashiseni nasekufundiseni ngokuvimbela umalaleveva, kanye nomehluko wesifunda emisebenzini yokukhuthaza. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanethi aphathwe ngezinambuzane ngokuvamile kuphakeme ezindaweni ezinezindlela zemfundo ezisebenzayo kanye nengqalasizinda yezempilo engcono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhuba nezinkolelo zamasiko endawo nazo zingathonya ukwamukelwa kwabantu kokusetshenziswa kwenethi. Njengoba lolu cwaningo lwenziwe ezindaweni ezivame ukuba khona umalaleveva ezinengqalasizinda yezempilo engcono kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamanethi aphathwe ngezinambuzane, ukufinyeleleka kanye nokutholakala kwamanethi kungase kube phezulu kule ndawo uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo ezisetshenziswa kancane.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kobudala nokusetshenziswa kwe-ITN bungase bubangelwe yizici eziningana: intsha ivame ukusebenzisa i-ITN kaningi ngoba izizwa inesibopho sempilo yezingane zayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhankaso yakamuva yokukhuthaza impilo ihlose ngempumelelo izizukulwane ezisencane futhi yandisa ukuqwashisa kwayo ngokuvimbela umalaleveva. Amathonya omphakathi, okuhlanganisa nemikhuba yontanga kanye neyomphakathi, nawo angadlala indima, njengoba intsha ivame ukwamukela izeluleko ezintsha zezempilo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bavame ukufinyelela kangcono ezinsizeni futhi bavame ukuzimisela kakhulu ukusebenzisa izindlela ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe, okubenza bamukele kangcono ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwamanethi aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-09-2025