Izibulala-zinambuzane ezihlanzekile zibhekisela kuma-ejenti asetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezempilo yomphakathi ukulawula ama-vector organisms nezinambuzane ezithinta ukuphila kwabantu.Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi ama-ejenti okulawula ama-vector organisms kanye nezinambuzane ezinjengomiyane, izimpukane, amazeze, amaphela, izimbuzane, imikhaza, izintuthwane namagundane.Ngakho izibulala-zinambuzane zokukhucululwa kwendle kufanele zisetshenziswe kanjani?
Ama-rodenticides Ama-rodenticide esiwasebenzisayo ngokuvamile asebenzisa ama-anticoagulant esizukulwane sesibili.Indlela eyinhloko yesenzo ukubhubhisa indlela ye-hematopoietic yamagundane, okubangela ukopha kwangaphakathi nokufa kwamagundane.Uma kuqhathaniswa nobuthi begundane obunobuthi obuvamile, i-anticoagulant yesizukulwane sesibili inezici ezilandelayo:
1. Ukuphepha.I-anticoagulant yesizukulwane sesibili inesikhathi eside sokusebenza, futhi uma kwenzeka ingozi, kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukwelashwa;futhi i-antidote ye-anticoagulant yesizukulwane sesibili njenge-bromadiolone i-vitamin K1, okulula ukuyithola.Ubuthi obunobuthi obuphezulu bamagundane obufana ne-tetramine busebenza ngokushesha futhi izingozi zokungenwa ngephutha zisishiya nesikhathi esifushane sokusabela futhi alikho ikhambi, elingabangela kalula ukulimala noma ukufa komuntu.
2. Ukunambitheka okuhle.I-rat bait entsha inokuthakazelisa okuhle kumagundane futhi akulula ukwenza amagundane enqabe ukudla, ngaleyo ndlela afinyelele umphumela wamagundane anobuthi.
3. Umphumela omuhle wokubulala.Umphumela wokubulala oshiwo lapha ikakhulukazi uqondiswe ekuphenduleni okunoveli kokugwema into yamagundane.Amagundane ayasolisa ngokwemvelo, futhi lapho ehlangabezana nezinto ezintsha noma ukudla, ngokuvamile asebenzisa izindlela ezithile zokuvivinya, njengokuthatha ukudla okuncane noma ukuvumela abadala nababuthakathaka badle kuqala, futhi amanye amalungu omphakathi azonquma ukuthi iphephile noma cha ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalokhu kuziphatha okuvivinyayo.Ngakho-ke, ubuthi obunobuthi obukhulu bamagundane buvame ukufeza umphumela othile ekuqaleni, bese umphumela usuka kokubi uye kokubi kakhulu.Isizathu silula kakhulu: amagundane adle isiheho segundane adlulisela umlayezo "oyingozi" kwamanye amalungu, okuholela ekwenqatshweni kokudla, ukugwema, njll. Lindela ukusabela, futhi umphumela womphumela omubi esigabeni sakamuva uzoba kube yindaba.Kodwa-ke, ama-anticoagulant esizukulwane sesibili ngokuvamile anikeza amagundane umlayezo ongamanga "wokuphepha" ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokufukamela (ngokuvamile izinsuku ezingu-5-7), ngakho-ke kulula ukuthola imiphumela yesikhathi eside, ezinzile futhi ephumelelayo yokulawula amagundane.
Ezinkampanini ezijwayelekile ze-PMP, izibulala-zinambuzane ezisetshenziswayo ngokuvamile ziyi-pyrethroids, njenge-cypermethrin ne-cyhalothrin.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-organic phosphorus efana ne-dichlorvos, i-zinc thion, i-dimethoate, njll., lezi zinezinzuzo zokuphepha, ubuthi obuncane kanye nemiphumela engemihle, ukuwohloka kalula, kanye nomthelela omncane emvelweni nasemzimbeni womuntu ngokwawo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkampani ezisemthethweni ze-PMP zizozama konke okusemandleni azo ukusebenzisa izindlela zomzimba noma ukusebenzisa ama-biological agents ezindaweni lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-pyrethroids kungafaneleki khona, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-organic phosphorus esikhundleni, ukuze kuncishiswe ukungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali ohlelweni lwezinambuzane. ukulawula.Impepho exosha omiyane Ngoba ngokombono wokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kufanele kwenziwe ngokulinganisela.
Zonke izinhlobo zezibulala-zinambuzane ezithengiswa emakethe zingahlukaniswa ngamaleveli amathathu ngokuya ngobuthi bazo: ezinobuthi obuphezulu, ezinobuthi obumaphakathi kanye nobuthi obuphansi.Ngisho nezibulala-zinambuzane ezinobuthi obuncane ziyingozi kakhulu kubantu nasezilwaneni, futhi izibulala-zinambuzane ezinobuthi obuyingozi ziyingozi nakakhulu.Ngokombono wesayensi, amakhoyili omiyane nawo awuhlobo lwesibulala-zinambuzane.Lapho amakhoyili omiyane evutha noma eshiswa, lezi zibulala-zinambuzane zizokhishwa.Ngakho-ke, kungashiwo ukuthi awekho amakhoyili omiyane ayingozi kubantu nasezilwaneni.Ama-insecticide kumakhoyili omiyane awagcini nje ngokuyingozi kakhulu kubantu, kodwa futhi anobuthi obungapheli.Ngisho nama-insecticide anobuthi obuncane bezinga lobuthi ayingozi kakhulu kubantu nasezilwaneni;ngokuqondene nobuthi bayo obungapheli, bubulala ngisho nangokwengeziwe.Ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni okuphelele kokuhlolwa, kungabonakala ukuthi ubuthi obungapheli bezibulala-zinambuzane buyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu futhi buyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-23-2023