IGuadeloupe neMartinique zinamanani aphezulu kakhulu omdlavuza wendlala yesinye emhlabeni, futhi i-chlordecone isisetshenziswe kabanzi emasimini iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
U-Tiburts Cleon waqala ukusebenza esemusha emasimini kabhanana amakhulu aseGuadeloupe. Kwaphela amashumi amahlanu eminyaka esebenza kanzima emasimini, echitha amahora amaningi elangeni laseCaribbean. Kwathi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ethathe umhlalaphansi ngo-2021, kwatholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza wendlala yesinye, isifo esathinta ozakwabo abaningi.
Ukwelashwa nokuhlinzwa kukaKleon kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu, futhi uzibona enenhlanhla ngokululama. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yempilo yonke ye-prostatectomy, njengokungakwazi ukuzithiba komchamo, ukungazali kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile, ingashintsha impilo. Ngenxa yalokho, abaningi ozakwabo bakaKleon bazizwa benamahloni futhi bemanqikanqika ukukhuluma obala ngobunzima babo. “Impilo yashintsha lapho kutholakala ukuthi nginomdlavuza wendlala yesinye,” esho. “Abanye abantu balahlekelwa isifiso sokuphila.”
Imizwelo phakathi kwezisebenzi yayiphezulu. Noma nini lapho kukhulunywa nge-chlordecone, kuba nentukuthelo enkulu ebhekiswe kulabo abaphethe - uhulumeni, abakhiqizi bezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nemboni kabhanana.
UJean-Marie Nomertain wasebenza emasimini kabhanana eGuadeloupe kwaze kwaba ngu-2001. Namuhla, ungunobhala-jikelele we-General Confederation of Labour yakulesi siqhingi, emele abasebenzi basemasimini. Usola le nkinga kuhulumeni waseFrance nabakhiqizi bakabhanana. "Kwakuwukudliswa ushevu ngamabomu okwenziwe nguhulumeni, futhi bebazi kahle imiphumela," esho.
Amarekhodi abonisa ukuthi kusukela ngo-1968, isicelo semvume yokusebenzisa i-Chlordecone sanqatshelwa ngoba ucwaningo lwabonisa ukuthi inobuthi ezilwaneni futhi isengozini yokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngemva kwezingxoxo eziningi zokuphatha kanye neminye imibuzo eminingana, umnyango wagcina usihoxisile isinqumo sawo futhi wagunyaza ukusetshenziswa kweChlordecone ngo-1972. I-Chlordecone yabe isisetshenziswa iminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Ngo-2021, uhulumeni waseFrance wengeza umdlavuza wendlala yesinye ohlwini lwezifo ezitholakala emsebenzini ezihlobene nokuchayeka kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ukunqoba okuncane kwabasebenzi. Uhulumeni wasungula isikhwama sokunxephezela izisulu, kwathi ekupheleni konyaka odlule, kwase kugunyazwe izicelo eziyi-168.
Kwabanye, kuncane kakhulu, sekwephuze kakhulu. U-Yvon Serenus, umongameli we-Martinique Union of Agricultural Workers Poisoned by Pesticides, unqamula eMartinique ngokukhethekile ukuze avakashele izisebenzi zasemasimini abagulayo. Uhambo lwehora ukusuka enhloko-dolobha i-Fort-de-France uya eSainte-Marie, amasimu kabhanana angapheli afinyelela emkhathizwe—isikhumbuzo esinamandla sokuthi imboni kabhanana isawuthinta umhlaba nabantu bawo.
Isisebenzi uSilen ahlangane naso kulokhu bekukade esanda kuthatha umhlalaphansi. Wayeneminyaka engu-65 kuphela ubudala futhi ephefumula ngosizo lomshini wokuphefumula. Njengoba beqala ukuxoxa ngesiCreole futhi begcwalisa amafomu, ngokushesha wanquma ukuthi kwakuwumzamo omkhulu kakhulu. Esho ekhomba incwadi ebhalwe ngesandla phezu kwetafula. Yabala okungenani izifo eziyishumi, kuhlanganise “nenkinga yendlala yesinye” okwatholakala ukuthi unayo.
Izisebenzi eziningi ahlangana nazo zazihlushwa yizifo ezihlukahlukene, hhayi umdlavuza wendlala yesinye kuphela. Yize kunocwaningo ngeminye imiphumela ye-chlordecone, njengezinkinga zamahomoni nezenhliziyo, isakhawulelwe kakhulu ekugunyazeni isinxephezelo esinwetshiwe. Kungelinye iphuzu elibuhlungu kubasebenzi, ikakhulukazi abesifazane, abasala bengenalutho.
Umthelela we-chlordecone udlulela ngalé kwabasebenzi basemasimini. Ikhemikhali iphinde ingcolise izakhamuzi zendawo ngokudla. Ngo-2014, kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-90% wezakhamizi zine-chlordecone egazini labo.
Ukunciphisa ukuchayeka, abantu kufanele bakugweme ukudla ukudla okunegciwane okulinywe noma okubanjwe ezindaweni ezingcolile. Le nkinga izodinga ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila yesikhathi eside, futhi akunasiphelo, njengoba i-chlordecone ingangcolisa umhlabathi iminyaka engaba ngu-600.
EGuadeloupe naseMartinique, ukuphila ngaphandle komhlaba akuwona nje umkhuba, kodwa onezimpande zomlando ezijulile. Izingadi zesiCreole zinomlando omude eziqhingini, zinikeza imikhaya eminingi ukudla nezitshalo zokwelapha. Ziwubufakazi bokuziphilisa okwaqala ngabomdabu bakulesi siqhingi futhi kwalolongwa izizukulwane zezigqila.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-01-2025