Ukusungulwa kwama-herbicides amasha ane-protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors

I-Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) ingenye yezinhloso eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha zokubulala ukhula, ezibalwa ngengxenye enkulu kakhulu yemakethe.Ngenxa yokuthi lo muthi wokubulala ukhula usebenza kakhulu ku-chlorophyll futhi unobuthi obuncane ezilwaneni ezincelisayo, lo muthi unezici zokusebenza kahle kakhulu, ubuthi obuphansi nokuphepha.

Izilwane, izitshalo, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta konke kuqukethe i-protoporphyrinogen oxidase, eyenza i-protoporphyrinogen IX ibe i-protoporphyrin IX ngaphansi kwesimo somoya-mpilo wamangqamuzana, i-protoporphyrinogen oxidase iyi-enzyme yokugcina evamile ku-tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, ikakhulukazi ehlanganisa i-ferrophyll heme.Ezitshalweni, i-protoporphyrinogen oxidase inama-isoenzymes amabili, atholakala ku-mitochondria nama-chloroplast ngokulandelana.Ama-Protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors ama-herbicides aqinile, angafinyelela inhloso yokulawula ukhula ikakhulukazi ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwezibala zezitshalo, futhi abe nesikhathi esifushane sokusala emhlabathini, esingenabungozi ezitshalweni zakamuva.Izinhlobo ezintsha zalesi sibulala-khula zinezici zokukhetha, umsebenzi ophezulu, ubuthi obuphansi futhi akulula ukunqwabelana endaweni ezungezile.

I-PPO inhibitors yezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-herbicide
1. Imithi yokubulala ukhula i-Diphenyl ether

Ezinye izinhlobo zakamuva ze-PPO
3.1Igama le-ISO elithi saflufenacil elitholwe ngo-2007 - BASF, ilungelo lobunikazi liphelelwe yisikhathi ngo-2021.
Ngo-2009, i-benzochlor yabhaliswa okokuqala e-United States futhi yathengiswa ngo-2010. I-Benzochlor okwamanje ibhaliswe e-United States, Canada, China, Nicaragua, Chile, Argentina, Brazil nase-Australia.Njengamanje, amabhizinisi amaningi e-China aphezu kwenqubo yokubhalisa.
3.2 Uwine igama le-ISO elithi tiafenacil ngo-2013 futhi ilungelo lobunikazi liphelelwa yisikhathi ngo-2029.
Ngo-2018, i-flursulfuryl ester yethulwa okokuqala eNingizimu Korea;Ngo-2019, yethulwa eSri Lanka, ivula uhambo lokukhangisa umkhiqizo ezimakethe zaphesheya.Njengamanje, i-flursulfuryl ester nayo ibhalisiwe e-Australia, e-United States, eCanada, eBrazil nakwamanye amazwe, futhi ibhaliswe ngokuqhubekayo kwezinye izimakethe ezinkulu.
3.3 Igama le-ISO elithi trifludimoxazin (trifluoxazin) latholwa ngo-2014 futhi ilungelo lobunikazi liphelelwa yisikhathi ngo-2030.
NgoMeyi 28, 2020, umuthi wokuqala we-trifluoxazine wabhaliswa e-Australia okokuqala ngqa emhlabeni, futhi inqubo yokuhweba yomhlaba wonke ye-trifluoxazine yathuthukiswa ngokushesha, kwathi ngoJulayi 1 wonyaka ofanayo, umkhiqizo oyinhlanganisela ye-BASF (125.0g / I-L tricfluoxazine + 250.0g /L ukumiswa kwe-benzosulfuramide) nayo ivunyelwe ukubhaliswa e-Australia.
3.4 Igama le-ISO i-cyclopyranil elitholwe ngo-2017 - ilungelo lobunikazi liphelelwa yisikhathi ngo-2034.
Inkampani yaseJapane yafaka isicelo selungelo lobunikazi laseYurophu (EP3031806) lenhlanganisela evamile, okuhlanganisa nenhlanganisela ye-cyclopyranil, futhi yathumela isicelo se-PCT, ushicilelo lwamazwe ngamazwe No. I-Italy, Japan, South Korea, Russia, kanye ne-United States.
I-3.5 epyrifenacil iklonyeliswe ngegama le-ISO ngo-2020
I-Epyrifenacil spectrum ebanzi, umphumela osheshayo, osetshenziswa kakhulu kummbila, ukolweni, ibhali, irayisi, amabele, ubhontshisi wesoya, ukotini, isithombo sebhitrudi, amakinati, ubhekilanga, ukudlwengula, izimbali, izitshalo zokuhlobisa, imifino, ukuvimbela ukhula olunamaqabunga amaningi notshani ukhula. , njenge-setae, i-cow grass, i-barnyard grass, i-ryegrass, i-tail grass nokunye.
3.6 ISO ebizwa ngokuthi i-flufenoximacil (Flufenoximacil) ngo-2022
I-Fluridine iwumuthi we-PPO inhibitor one-spectrum yokhula olubanzi, izinga lesenzo esisheshayo, esisebenza ngalolo suku lokufaka isicelo, kanye nokuvumelana nezimo ezinhle ezitshalweni ezilandelayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fluridine nayo inomsebenzi ophezulu kakhulu, wehlisa inani lezithako ezisebenzayo ze-insecticidal herbicides ezingeni legram, elihambisana nemvelo.
Ngo-Ephreli 2022, i-fluridine yabhaliswa e-Cambodia, uhlu lwayo lokuqala emhlabeni jikelele.Umkhiqizo wokuqala oqukethe lesi sithako esiwumgogodla uzofakwa ohlwini e-China ngaphansi kwegama lokuhweba elithi "Fast as the wind".