I-DEETingenye yezinto ezimbalwa zokuxosha okufakazelwe ukuthi ziyasebenza ekulweni nomiyane, imikhaza, nezinye izinambuzane eziwuhlupho. Kodwa uma kubhekwa amandla aleli khemikhali, iphephe kangakanani i-DEET kubantu?
I-DEET, osokhemisi abayibiza ngokuthi N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, itholakala okungenani emikhiqizweni engu-120 ebhaliswe ne-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Le mikhiqizo ihlanganisa izifutho ezixosha izinambuzane, izifutho, izinto zokuthambisa, nezinto zokusula.
Njengoba i-DEET yethulwa okokuqala esidlangalaleni ngo-1957, i-Environmental Protection Agency yenze ukubuyekezwa okubanzi kokuphepha kwamakhemikhali amabili.
Kepha uBethany Huelskoetter, APRN, DNP, udokotela wemithi yomndeni e-OSF Healthcare, uthi ezinye iziguli ziyayigwema le mikhiqizo, zithanda leyo ekhangiswa “njengeyemvelo” noma “yemithi.”
Nakuba lezi ezinye izinto zokuxosha zingase zithengiswe njengezinobuthi obuncane, imiphumela yazo yokuxosha ngokuvamile ayihlali isikhathi eside njenge-DEET.
”Ngezinye izikhathi akwenzeki ukugwema izinto ezixosha amakhemikhali. I-DEET iyisixosha esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Kuzo zonke izinto ezixosha emakethe, i-DEET iyinani elingcono kakhulu lemali, ”kusho u-Huelskoetter etshela u- Verywell.
Sebenzisa isixosha esisebenzayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokulunywa nokungakhululeki ngenxa yokulunywa yizinambuzane. Kodwa futhi kungaba yindlela yokuvikela impilo: Cishe abantu abayingxenye yesigidi baba nesifo seLyme unyaka ngamunye ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza, futhi abantu abalinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-7 bathole lesi sifo kusukela kwaqala ukuvela igciwane elisakazwa ngomiyane e-West Nile e-US ngo-1999. Abantu abangenwe yileli gciwane.
Ngokusho kwe-Consumer Reports, i-DEET ihlale ilinganiswa njengesithako esisebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu emithi exosha izinambuzane ekugxilweni okungenani okungama-25%. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwe-DEET kuphezulu emkhiqizweni, umphumela wokuvikela uhlala isikhathi eside.
Ezinye izinto ezixosha zihlanganisa i-picaridin, i-permethrin, ne-PMD (amafutha e-lemon eucalyptus).
Ucwaningo lwango-2023 olwahlola izinto ezixosha uwoyela ezibalulekile ezingama-20 lwathola ukuthi amafutha abalulekile ayengavamile ukuhlala isikhathi eside kunehora nesigamu, kanti amanye alahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle ngemva kwesikhathi esingaphansi komzuzu. Ngokuqhathanisa, i-DEET exoshayo ingaxosha omiyane okungenani amahora ayi-6.
Ngokusho kwe-Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), imiphumela emibi evela ku-DEET ayivamile. Embikweni ka-2017, i-ejensi yathi amaphesenti angu-88 okuvezwa kwe-DEET okubikwe ezikhungweni zokulawula ubuthi akuzange kubangele izimpawu ezidinga ukwelashwa ngohlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Cishe ingxenye yabantu ayizange ibe nemiphumela emibi, futhi iningi labanye lalinezimpawu ezithambile kuphela, njengokuwozela, ukucasuka kwesikhumba, noma ukukhwehlela kwesikhashana, ezasheshe zaphela.
Ukusabela okunzima ku-DEET ngokuvamile kubangela izimpawu zemizwa njengokuquleka, ukulawulwa kwemisipha okungekuhle, ukuziphatha okunolaka, nokukhubazeka kwengqondo.
"Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izigidi zabantu e-United States zisebenzisa i-DEET unyaka ngamunye, kunemibiko embalwa kakhulu yemiphumela emibi yezempilo evela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-DEET," kusho umbiko we-ATSDR.
Ungakwazi futhi ukugwema ukulunywa yizinambuzane ngokugqoka imikhono emide nokuhlanza noma ukugwema noma yiziphi izindawo zokuzalanisa izinambuzane, njengamanzi amile, igceke lakho, nezinye izindawo ojwayele ukuya kuzo.
Uma ukhetha ukusebenzisa umkhiqizo oqukethe i-DEET, landela izikhombisi-ndlela ezikulebula yomkhiqizo. Ngokusho kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, kufanele usebenzise ukuhlushwa okuphansi kwe-DEET okudingekayo ukuze ugcine ukuvikelwa - kungabi ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-50.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuhogela izinto ezixosha umoya, i-CDC incoma ukuthi kusetshenziswe izixosha ezindaweni ezinomoya omuhle esikhundleni sezikhala ezivalekile. Ukuze ugcobe ebusweni bakho, fafaza umkhiqizo ezandleni zakho bese uwugcoba ebusweni bakho.
Uyanezela: “Ufuna isikhumba sakho sikwazi ukuphefumula ngemva kokufaka isicelo, futhi uma kungena umoya ofanele ngeke ube nokuluma kwesikhumba.”
I-DEET iphephile ezinganeni, kodwa i-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention incoma ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-10 zingazifaki izibulala magciwane ngokwazo. Izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezimbili ubudala akufanele zisebenzise imikhiqizo equkethe i-DEET.
Kubalulekile ukubiza isikhungo sokulawula ushevu ngokushesha uma uhogela umoya noma ugwinya umkhiqizo oqukethe i-DEET, noma uma umkhiqizo ungena emehlweni akho.
Uma ufuna indlela ethembekile yokulawula izinambuzane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho kuvame omiyane nemikhaza, i-DEET iyindlela ephephile nephumelelayo (inqobo nje uma isetshenziswa ngokwelebula). Ezinye izindlela ezingokwemvelo zingase zinganikezi izinga elifanayo lokuvikela, ngakho cabangela indawo ezungezile kanye nengozi yezifo ezithwalwa izinambuzane lapho ukhetha umuthi wokuxosha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-03-2024