Iqhutshwa yizinqubomgomo ezinhle kanye nesimo sezomnotho kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali esivumayo, imboni yezolimo eNdiya ibonise ukukhula okunamandla kakhulu eminyakeni emibili edlule. Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva ekhishwe yi-World Trade Organisation, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-India kwe-Amakhemikhali ezolimo Ngonyaka wezimali ka-2022-23 ifinyelele ku-$5.5 billion, idlula i-US ($5.4 billion) ukuze ivele njengomthumeli wesibili ngobukhulu wamakhemikhali ezolimo emhlabeni.
Izinkampani eziningi zamakhemikhali ezolimo zaseJapan zaqala intshisekelo yazo emakethe yaseNdiya eminyakeni edlule, zikhombisa intshiseko enkulu yokutshala imali kuyo ngokujulisa ukuba khona kwazo ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezifana nokubambisana kwamasu, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamasheya kanye nokusungulwa kwezikhungo zokukhiqiza. Izinkampani zamakhemikhali ezolimo zaseJapan ezigxile ocwaningweni, eziboniswe yiMitsui & Co., Ltd., Nippon Soda Co.Ltd, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Nissan Chemical Corporation, kanye neNihon Nohyaku Corporation, zinamakhono ocwaningo nentuthuko aqinile kanye nephothifoliyo enkulu yelungelo lobunikazi. Zandise ukuba khona kwazo emakethe ngokutshalwa kwezimali emhlabeni jikelele, ukubambisana kanye nokuthengwa. Njengoba amabhizinisi amakhemikhali ezolimo aseJapan ethola noma ebambisana ngokweqhinga nezinkampani zaseNdiya, amandla obuchwepheshe ezinkampani zaseNdiya ayathuthuka, futhi isikhundla sazo ngaphakathi kweketanga lokuhlinzeka lomhlaba wonke sikhula ngokubaluleke kakhulu. Manje, izinkampani zamakhemikhali ezolimo zaseJapan sezibe ngomunye wabadlali ababaluleke kakhulu emakethe yaseNdiya.
Ukubambisana okusebenzayo phakathi kwezinkampani zaseJapan nezaseNdiya, okusheshisa ukwethulwa nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo emisha
Ukusungula ubudlelwano obuhlelekile nezinkampani zasendaweni zaseNdiya kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthi amabhizinisi amakhemikhali ezolimo aseJapan angene emakethe yaseNdiya. Ngobuchwepheshe noma izivumelwano zelayisensi yomkhiqizo, amabhizinisi amakhemikhali ezolimo aseJapan athola ukufinyelela ngokushesha emakethe yaseNdiya, kuyilapho izinkampani zaseNdiya zingafinyelela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nemikhiqizo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amabhizinisi amakhemikhali ezolimo aseJapan abambisane ngenkuthalo nabalingani baseNdiya ukusheshisa ukwethulwa nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yabo yakamuva yokubulala izinambuzane eNdiya, okwandisa ukuba khona kwabo kule makethe.
I-Nissan Chemical and Insecticides (India) yethule ngokuhlanganyela imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yokuvikela izitshalo
Ngo-Ephreli 2022, i-Insecticides (India) Ltd, inkampani yokuvikela izitshalo yaseNdiya, kanye ne-Nissan Chemical bethule imikhiqizo emibili ngokuhlanganyela - i-insecticide Shinwa (Fluxametamide) kanye ne-fungicide Izuki (Thifluzamide + Kasugamycin). I-Shinwa inendlela ehlukile yokusebenza ukuze isebenze kahle.ukulawulwa kwezinambuzaneEzitshalweni eziningi futhi i-Izuki ilawula ukubola kwesigxobo kanye nokuqhuma kwe-paddy ngasikhathi sinye. Le mikhiqizo emibili iyizengezo zakamuva ohlwini lwemikhiqizo eyethulwe ngokubambisana yi-Insecticides (India) kanye ne-Nissan Chemical eNdiya selokhu kwaqala ukusebenzisana kwabo ngo-2012.
Kusukela ekubambisaneni kwabo, i-Insecticide (India) kanye ne-Nissan Chemical bethule imikhiqizo eminingi yokuvikela izitshalo, okuhlanganisa i-Pulsor, i-Hakama, i-Kunoichi, kanye ne-Hachiman. Le mikhiqizo ithole impendulo enhle emakethe eNdiya, okwandisa kakhulu ukubonakala kwenkampani emakethe. I-Nissan Chemical ithe lokhu kubonise ukuzibophezela kwayo ekukhonzeni abalimi baseNdiya.
IDhanuka Agritech ibambisene neNissan Chemical, iHokko Chemical, kanye neNippon Soda ukwethula imikhiqizo emisha
NgoJuni 2022, iDhanuka Agritech yethula imikhiqizo emibili emisha ebilindelwe kakhulu, iCornex neZanet, okwakhulisa kakhulu iphothifoliyo yemikhiqizo yenkampani.
I-Cornex (i-Halosulfuron + i-Atrazine) yathuthukiswa yi-Dhanuka Agritech ngokubambisana ne-Nissan Chemical. I-Cornex iyi-herbicide ebanzi, ekhethayo, nehlelekile elawula ngempumelelo ukhula olunamaqabunga abanzi, i-sedge, kanye nokhula olunamaqabunga amancane ezitshalweni zommbila. I-Zanet iyi-fungicide ehlanganisiwe ye-Thiophanate-methyl ne-Kasugamycin, eyathuthukiswa yi-Dhanuka Agritech ngokubambisana ne-Hokko Chemical kanye ne-Nippon Soda. I-Zanet ilawula ngempumelelo izifo ezibalulekile ezitshalweni zikatamatisi ezibangelwa kakhulu yi-fungus kanye ne-microorganism efana namabala amaqabunga ebhaktheriya kanye ne-powdery mildew.
NgoSepthemba 2023, iDhanuka Agritech yasebenzisana neNissan Chemical Corporation ukuthuthukisa nokwethula umuthi omusha wokubulala ukhula ensimini yomoba iTiZoom. Izithako ezimbili ezibalulekile ze-'Tizom'- iHalosulfuron Methyl 6% + iMetribuzin 50% WG - zinikeza ikhambi eliphumelelayo lokulawula ukhula oluhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukhula olunamaqabunga amancane, ukhula olunamaqabunga abanzi kanye neCyperus rotundus. Ngakho-ke, idlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni umkhiqizo womoba. Njengamanje, iTiZoom yethule iTizom kubalimi baseKarnataka, eMaharashtra naseTamil Nadu futhi maduze nje izosebenzisa nezinye izifundazwe.
I-UPL yethule ngempumelelo i-Flupyrimin eNdiya ngaphansi kwemvume ye-Mitsui Chemicals
I-Flupyrimin iyisibulala-zinambuzane esakhiwe yi-Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., ehlose i-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR).
NgoMeyi 2021, iMeiji Seika ne-UPL basayina isivumelwano sokuthengiswa okukhethekile kwe-Flupyrimin yi-UPL eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ngaphansi kwesivumelwano selayisense, i-UPL yathola amalungelo akhethekile okuthuthukisa, ukubhalisa, kanye nokuhweba nge-Flupyrimin ukuze ifuthwe ngamahlamvu eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. NgoSepthemba 2021, inkampani ephethwe ngokuphelele yi-Mitsui Chemicals yathenga ibhizinisi le-Meiji Seika lezibulala-zinambuzane, okwenza i-Flupyrimin yaba yisithako esibalulekile esisebenzayo se-Mitsui Chemicals. NgoJuni 2022, ukubambisana phakathi kwe-UPL nenkampani yaseJapan kwaholela ekuqalisweni kwe-Viola® (Flupyrimin 10% SC), isibulala-zinambuzane se-paddy esiqukethe i-Flupyrimin eNdiya. I-Viola iyisibulala-zinambuzane esisha esinezakhiwo ezihlukile zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokulawula okusele isikhathi eside. Ukwakheka kwayo kokumiswa kunikeza ukulawula okusheshayo nokusebenzayo ngokumelene ne-hopper yezitshalo ezinsundu.
Isithako esisha esisebenzayo sikaNihon Nohyak - iBenzpyrimoxan, sifinyelele ingqophamlando ebalulekile eNdiya
I-Nichino India inesikhundla esibalulekile se-Nihon Nohyaku Co., Ltd. Ngokwandisa kancane kancane isabelo sayo sobunikazi enkampanini yamakhemikhali yaseNdiya i-Hyderabad, i-Nihon Nohyaku iyiguqule yaba yindawo enkulu yokukhiqiza kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yezithako zayo ezisebenzayo.
Ngo-Ephreli 2021, i-Benzpyrimoxan 93.7% TC yabhaliswa eNdiya. Ngo-Ephreli 2022, iNichino India yethule umkhiqizo wokubulala izinambuzane i-Orchestra® osekelwe ku-Benzpyrimoxan. I-Orchestra® yasungulwa futhi yathengiswa ngokubambisana yizinkampani zaseJapan nezaseNdiya. Lokhu kwaphawula ingqophamlando ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokutshala imali zeNihon Nohyaku eNdiya. I-Orchestra® iphatha ngempumelelo ama-hopper ezitshalo ezinsundu zerayisi futhi inikeza indlela ehlukile yokusebenza kanye nezakhiwo eziphephile zobuthi. Inikeza ukulawula okusebenzayo kakhulu, isikhathi eside, umphumela we-phytotonic, ama-tiller anempilo, ama-panicles agcwele ngokulinganayo kanye nesivuno esingcono.
Amabhizinisi amakhemikhali ezolimo aseJapan aqinisa imizamo yokutshala imali ukuze aqhubeke nokuba khona emakethe yawo eNdiya
UMitsui uthole isabelo ku-Bharat Insecticide
NgoSepthemba 2020, iMitsui neNippon Soda bathenga ndawonye isabelo esingu-56% kuBharat Insecticides Limited ngenkampani ekhethekile eyasungulwa yibo. Ngenxa yalokhu kuthengiselana, iBharat Insecticides isibe yinkampani ehambisana neMitsui & Co., Ltd. futhi yaqanjwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iBharat Certis AgriScience Ltd. ngo-Ephreli 1, 2021. Ngo-2022, iMitsui yandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwayo ukuze ibe ngumnikazi wamasheya omkhulu enkampanini. IMitsui ibeka kancane kancane iBharat Certis AgriScience njengeplatifomu yamasu okwandisa ukuba khona kwayo emakethe yezibulala-zinambuzane zaseNdiya kanye nokusatshalaliswa komhlaba wonke.
Ngokusekelwa yiMitsui kanye nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo, iNippon Soda, njll., iBharat Certis AgriScience yafaka ngokushesha imikhiqizo emisha kakhulu kuphothifoliyo yayo. NgoJulayi 2021, iBharat Certis AgriScience yethule imikhiqizo emisha eyisithupha eNdiya, okuhlanganisa iTopsin, iNissorun, iDelfin, iTofosto, iBuldozer, kanye ne-Aghaat. Le mikhiqizo iqukethe izithako ezisebenzayo ezahlukahlukene njengeChlorantraniliprole, iThiamethoxam, iThiophanate-methyl kanye nezinye. ITopsina kanye neNissorun zombili ziyimithi yokubulala ukhula/ama-acaricides evela kuNippon Soda.
Inkampani engaphansi kweSumitomo Chemical yaseNdiya ithole ingxenye enkulu yesabelo enkampanini yokusungula izinto ezintsha ye-biotechnology iBarrix
Ngo-Agasti 2023, i-Sumitomo Chemical India Limited (SCIL) yamemezela ukusayinwa kwezivumelwano eziqinisekile zokuthola ingxenye enkulu yesabelo se-Barrix Agro Sciences Pvt Ltd. (Barrix). I-SCIL iyinkampani engaphansi kwenye yezinkampani zamakhemikhali ezihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke ezihlukahlukene i-Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. futhi ingumdlali ohamba phambili emkhakheni we-agrochemical waseNdiya, izinambuzane zasekhaya kanye nokudla kwezilwane. Kusukela eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, i-SCIL isekela izigidi zabalimi baseNdiya ohambweni lwabo lokukhula ngokuhlinzeka ngezinhlobo eziningi zamakhemikhali amasha ezigabeni zezixazululo zezitshalo zendabuko. Izigaba zomkhiqizo ze-SCIL zifaka phakathi nabalawuli bokukhula kwezitshalo kanye ne-biorationals, enesikhundla sobuholi emakethe kwezinye zezitshalo, imikhiqizo kanye nezicelo.
Ngokusho kweSumitomo Chemical, ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo kuhambisana nesu lenkampani lomhlaba wonke lokwakha iphothifoliyo yamakhemikhali aluhlaza eqhubekayo. Kuphinde kuhambisane nesu le-SCIL lokunikeza abalimi izixazululo ze-Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Umqondisi ophethe we-SCIL uthe ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo kunengqondo enkulu yebhizinisi njengoba kuwukuhlukahluka kwezingxenye zebhizinisi ezihambisanayo, ngaleyo ndlela kugcina umfutho wokukhula kwe-SCIL uzinzile.
Amabhizinisi amakhemikhali ezolimo aseJapan asungula noma andisa izindawo zokukhiqiza izibulala-zinambuzane eNdiya ukuze andise amandla awo okukhiqiza
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono abo okuhlinzeka emakethe yaseNdiya, amabhizinisi amakhemikhali ezolimo aseJapan aqhubeka nokwakha nokwandisa izindawo zawo zokukhiqiza eNdiya.
I-Nihon Nohyaku Corporation ivule isikhungo esisha sokukhiqizaukukhiqizwa kwezibulala-zinambuzaneisitshalo eNdiya. Ngo-Ephreli 12, 2023, iNichino India, inkampani engaphansi kweNihon Nohyaku yaseNdiya, yamemezela ukuvulwa kwesitshalo esisha sokukhiqiza eHumnabad. Lesi sitshalo sinezindawo eziningi zokukhiqiza izibulala-zinambuzane, izibulala-fungi, izinto eziphakathi kanye nezinhlobo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo singakhiqiza cishe ama-crores angu-250 (cishe ama-CNY ayizigidi ezingu-209) zezinto ezisezingeni lobuchwepheshe ezizimele. I-Nihon Nohyaku ihlose ukusheshisa inqubo yokuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo efana ne-insecticide Orchestra® (Benzpyrimoxan) emakethe yaseNdiya ngisho nasezimakethe zaphesheya ngokukhiqiza kwendawo eNdiya.
IBharat inyuse ukutshalwa kwezimali kwayo ukuze yandise amandla ayo okukhiqiza. Ngonyaka wayo wezimali ka-2021-22, iBharat Group yathi yenze ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ukuze yandise imisebenzi yayo yebhizinisi, ikakhulukazi igxile ekwandiseni amandla okukhiqiza nokuthuthukisa amakhono okufaka okubalulekile ukuze kufezwe ukuhlanganiswa okungemuva. IBharat Group isungule ubudlelwano obuqinile nezinkampani zamakhemikhali ezolimo zaseJapan kulo lonke uhambo lwayo lokuthuthukisa. Ngo-2020, iBharat Rasayan kanye neNissan Chemical basungula i-joint venture eNdiya ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe, iNissan Chemical iphethe amasheya angu-70% kanti iBharat Rasayan iphethe amasheya angu-30%. Ngonyaka ofanayo, iMitsui kanye neNihon Nohyaku bathola amasheya kuBharat Insecticides, eyabe isibizwa ngokuthi iBharat Certis futhi yaba yinkampani engaphansi kweMitsui.
Ngokuphathelene nokwandiswa kwamandla, izinkampani zaseJapan noma zaseJapan azigcini nje ngokutshala imali ekukhiqizweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane eNdiya, kodwa nezinkampani eziningi zasendaweni zaseNdiya nazo zikhulise ngokushesha amandla azo okukhiqiza imikhiqizo futhi zasungula izikhungo ezintsha zezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nezindawo eziphakathi eminyakeni emibili edlule. Isibonelo, ngoMashi 2023, iTagros Chemicals yamemezela izinhlelo zokwandisa izibulala-zinambuzane zayo zobuchwepheshe kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane ezithile eSIPCOT Industrial Complex, ePanchayankuppam esifundeni saseCuddalore eTamil Nadu. NgoSepthemba 2022, iWillowood yavula isitshalo sokukhiqiza esisha sha. Ngalolu tshalomali, iWillowood iqedela uhlelo lwayo lokuba yinkampani ehlanganisiwe ngokuphelele emuva naphambili kusukela ekukhiqizeni izibulala-zinambuzane kuya kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokunikeza imikhiqizo yokugcina kubalimi ngeziteshi zayo zokusabalalisa. I-Insecticides (India) igcizelele embikweni wayo wezimali ka-2021-22 ukuthi enye yezinhlelo ezibalulekile ezisebenzisile kwakuwukuthuthukisa amakhono ayo okukhiqiza. Phakathi nalo nyaka wezimali, inkampani yandise amandla ayo okukhiqiza izithako ezisebenzayo cishe ngo-50% emafektri ayo eRajasthan (Chopanki) naseGujarat (Dahej). Engxenyeni yokugcina ka-2022, i-Meghmani Organic Limited (MOL) yamemezela ukukhiqizwa kwezentengiselwano kwe-Beta-cyfluthrin ne-Spiromesifen, ngomthamo wokuqala ongu-500 MT pa wemikhiqizo yomibili, eDahej, eNdiya. Kamuva, i-MOL yamemezela ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo okukhona kwe-Lambda Cyhalothrin Technical kube ngu-2400 MT esitshalweni esisha esiseDahej, kanye nokuqala kwesinye isitshalo esisha esisethwe ngemisebenzi eminingi se-Flubendamide, i-Beta Cyfluthrin ne-Pymetrozine. NgoMashi 2022, inkampani yamakhemikhali ezolimo yaseNdiya i-GSP Crop Science Pvt Ltd yamemezela izinhlelo zokutshala imali engaba ngu-500 Crores (cishe i-CNY 417 million) eminyakeni embalwa ezayo ukuze yandise umthamo wayo wokukhiqiza wezobuchwepheshe kanye nabaphakathi eSaykha Industrial Area eGujarat, ihlose ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwayo kobuchwepheshe baseShayina.
Izinkampani zaseJapan zibeka phambili ukubhaliswa kwamakhemikhali amasha emakethe yaseNdiya kuneShayina
IBhodi Yokubhalisa Nezibulala-zinambuzane Ephakathi (i-CIB&RC) iyi-ejensi ngaphansi kukaHulumeni waseNdiya ebhekele ukuvikelwa kwezitshalo, ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokugcinwa kwazo, enesibopho sokubhaliswa kanye nokuvunyelwa kwazo zonke izibulala-zinambuzane ngaphakathi kwendawo yaseNdiya. I-CIB&RC ibamba imihlangano njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ukuze kuxoxwe ngezindaba ezihlobene nokubhaliswa kanye nokuvunyelwa okusha kwezibulala-zinambuzane eNdiya. Ngokusho kwamaminithi emihlangano ye-CIB&RC eminyakeni emibili edlule (kusukela emihlanganweni yama-60 kuya kweyama-64), uHulumeni waseNdiya uvumile inani lama-compounds amasha angu-32, kanti angu-19 awo angakabhaliswa eShayina. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imikhiqizo evela ezinkampanini zezibulala-zinambuzane zaseJapan ezidumile emhlabeni jikelele njengeKumiai Chemical kanye neSumitomo Chemical, phakathi kwezinye.
957144-77-3 Dichlorbentiazox
I-Dichlobentiazox iyi-fungicide ye-benzothiazole eyakhiwe yi-Kumiai Chemical. Inikeza ububanzi bokulawula izifo futhi inomphumela ohlala isikhathi eside. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene zemvelo kanye nezindlela zokusebenzisa, i-Dichlobentiazox ibonisa ukusebenza kahle okuqhubekayo ekulawuleni izifo ezifana ne-rice blast, ngezinga eliphezulu lokuphepha. Ayivimbeli ukukhula kwezithombo zerayisi noma ibangele ukubambezeleka kokuhluma kwembewu. Ngaphezu kwelayisi, i-Dichlobentiazox iyasebenza nasekulawuleni izifo ezifana ne-downy mildew, i-anthracnose, i-powdery mildew, i-grey mold, kanye ne-bacterial spot ku-cucumber, i-wheat powdery mildew, i-Septoria nodorum, kanye ne-leaf rust ku-wheat, i-blast, i-sheath blight, i-bacterial blight, i-bacterial grain rot, i-bacterial damping off, i-brown spot, kanye ne-browning ear erayisi, i-scab ku-apula nezinye izifo.
Ukubhaliswa kwe-Dichlobentiazox eNdiya kusetshenziswa yi-PI Industries Ltd., futhi okwamanje, akukho mikhiqizo efanele ebhalisiwe eShayina.
376645-78-2 Tebufloquin
I-Tebufloquin ingumkhiqizo omusha owakhiwe yi-Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., esetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula izifo zelayisi, ngempumelelo ekhethekile yokulwa nokuqhuma kwelayisi. Nakuba indlela yayo yokusebenza ingakacaciswa ngokugcwele, ibonise imiphumela emihle yokulawula ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezimelana ne-carpropamid, ama-organophosphorus agents, kanye nama-strobilurine compounds. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayivimbeli ukwenziwa kwe-melanin endaweni yokukhulisa. Ngakho-ke, kulindeleke ukuthi ibe nendlela yokusebenza ehlukile kuma-ejenti okulawula ukuqhuma kwelayisi avamile.
Ukubhaliswa kweTebufloquin eNdiya kusetshenziswa yiHikal Limited, futhi okwamanje, akukho mikhiqizo efanele ebhalisiwe eShayina.
1352994-67-2 Inpyrfluxam
I-Inpyrfluxam iyi-fungicide ye-pyrazolecarboxamide ebanzi eyakhiwe yi-Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Ifanele izitshalo ezahlukahlukene ezifana nekotini, ama-beet ashukela, ilayisi, ama-apula, ummbila, nama-peanut, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kwembewu. I-INDIFLIN™ uphawu lokuhweba lwe-Inpyrfluxam, oluyingxenye ye-fungicides ye-SDHI, evimbela inqubo yokukhiqiza amandla e-fungicides ebangela izifo. Ibonisa umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokubulala isikhunta, ukungena kahle kwamaqabunga, kanye nokusebenza komzimba. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle yinkampani, kubonise ukusebenza kahle okuvelele ngokumelene nezifo eziningi zezitshalo.
Ukubhaliswa kwe-Inpyrfluxamin India kusetshenziswa yi-Sumitomo Chemical India Ltd., futhi okwamanje, akukho mikhiqizo efanele ebhalisiwe eShayina.
I-India ibamba amathuba futhi yamukela ukuhlanganiswa okungemuva kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo
Selokhu iShayina yaqinisa imithetho yayo yezemvelo ngo-2015 kanye nomthelela wayo olandelayo eketangeni lokuhlinzekwa kwamakhemikhali emhlabeni jikelele, i-India ibilokhu izibeka phambili njalo emkhakheni wamakhemikhali/wezolimo eminyakeni engu-7 kuya kwengu-8 edlule. Izici ezifana nokucatshangelwa kwezepolitiki, ukutholakala kwezinsizakusebenza, kanye nezinhlelo zikahulumeni zibeke abakhiqizi baseNdiya esimweni sokuncintisana uma kuqhathaniswa nabalingani babo bomhlaba wonke. Izinhlelo ezifana ne-"Make in India", "China+1" kanye ne-"Production Linked Incentive (PLI)" ziye zathola ukuvelela.
Ekupheleni konyaka odlule, i-Crop Care Federation of India (CCFI) icele ukufakwa okusheshayo kwamakhemikhali ezolimo ohlelweni lwe-PLI. Ngokusho kwezibuyekezo zakamuva, cishe izinhlobo noma izigaba eziyi-14 zemikhiqizo ehlobene namakhemikhali ezolimo zizoba ngezokuqala ukufakwa ohlelweni lwe-PLI futhi maduze zizomenyezelwa ngokusemthethweni. Le mikhiqizo yonke iyizinto zokusetshenziswa ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-agrochemical noma izinto eziphakathi. Uma le mikhiqizo isivunyelwe ngokusemthethweni, i-India izosebenzisa izinqubomgomo zoxhaso olukhulu kanye nokusekela ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwasekhaya.
Izinkampani zamakhemikhali ezolimo zaseJapan ezifana neMitsui, iNippon Soda, iSumitomo Chemical, iNissan Chemical, kanye neNihon Nohyaku zinamakhono okucwaninga nokuthuthukiswa aqinile kanye nephothifoliyo ebalulekile yelungelo lobunikazi. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuvumelana kwezinsizakusebenza phakathi kwezinkampani zamakhemikhali ezolimo zaseJapan kanye nabalingani baseNdiya, la mabhizinisi amakhemikhali ezolimo aseJapan abesebenzisa imakethe yaseNdiya njengesisekelo eminyakeni yamuva nje ukuze akhule emhlabeni jikelele ngezinyathelo zamasu ezifana nokutshalwa kwezimali, ukubambisana, ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokuthengwa, kanye nokusetha izitshalo zokukhiqiza. Ukuthengiselana okufanayo kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke eminyakeni ezayo.
Idatha evela kuMnyango Wezohwebo waseNdiya ikhombisa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamakhemikhali ezolimo eNdiya kuphindwe kabili eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule, kwafinyelela ku-$5.5 billion, ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingu-13%, okwenza kube phezulu kakhulu emkhakheni wokukhiqiza. Ngokusho kukaDeepak Shah, uSihlalo we-CCFI, imboni yezolimo yaseNdiya ibhekwa njengemboni "edinga kakhulu ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe", futhi zonke izimali ezintsha kanye namaphrojekthi asendleleni esheshayo. Kulindeleke ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamakhemikhali ezolimo eNdiya kuzodlula kalula u-$10 billion eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-4 ezayo. Ukuhlanganiswa emuva, ukwanda kwamandla, kanye nokubhaliswa kwemikhiqizo emisha kube negalelo elikhulu kulokhu kukhula. Eminyakeni edlule, imakethe yezolimo yaseNdiya ithole ukuqashelwa ngokuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ejwayelekile esezingeni eliphezulu ezimakethe ezahlukene zomhlaba. Kulindeleke ukuthi amalungelo obunikazi ezithako ezisebenzayo angaphezu kwama-20 azophelelwa yisikhathi ngo-2030, okuhlinzeka ngamathuba okukhula okuqhubekayo embonini yezolimo yaseNdiya.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-30-2023