Isibulala-zinambuzane-Amanethi aphathwe kahle (ama-ITN) abe yitshe lesisekelo semizamo yokuvimbela umalaleveva eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo kabanzi kudlale indima enkulu ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo nasekusindiseni izimpilo. Kusukela ngo-2000, imizamo yokulawula umalaleveva yomhlaba wonke, okuhlanganisa nemikhankaso ye-ITN, ivimbele amacala angaphezu kwezigidigidi ezimbili kamalaleveva kanye nokufa kwabantu abacishe babe yizigidi ezingu-13.
Naphezu kwentuthuko ethile, omiyane abadlulisela umalaleveva ezindaweni eziningi baye bamelana nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane evame ukusetshenziswa emanetheni ombhede aphathwe ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, ikakhulukazi ama-pyrethroids, okunciphisa ukusebenza kwawo futhi kuphazamisa intuthuko ekuvimbeleni umalaleveva. Lolu songo olukhulayo luye lwashukumisela abacwaningi ukuba basheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwamanethi ombhede amasha ahlinzeka ngesivikelo esihlala isikhathi eside ngokumelene nomalaleveva.
Ngo-2017, i-WHO yancoma inethi yokuqala yombhede elashwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane eyenzelwe ukusebenza kangcono ngokumelene nomiyane abamelana ne-pyrethroid. Nakuba lokhu kwakuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqhubekela phambili, kudingeka ubuhlakani obengeziwe ukuthuthukisa amanethi ombhede alashwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane anezenzo ezimbili, ukuhlola ukusebenza kwawo ngokumelene nomiyane abamelana nezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nomthelela wawo ekudlulisweni komalaleveva, nokuhlola ukusebenza kwawo kahle kwezindleko.
Lo mfanekiso, oshicilelwe ngaphambi koSuku Lomhlaba Lomalaleveva luka-2025, uqokomisa ucwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanethi aphathwe ngezinambuzane ezimbili (ama-DINET) - umphumela weminyaka yokubambisana phakathi kwamazwe, imiphakathi, abakhiqizi, abaxhasi kanye nabalingani abahlukahlukene bomhlaba wonke, besifunda kanye nabezwe.
Ngo-2018, i-Unitaid kanye ne-Global Fund baqalise iphrojekthi ye-New Nets, eholwa yi-Coalition for Innovative Vector Control ngokubambisana eduze nezinhlelo zikazwelonke zomalaleveva kanye nabanye abalingani, okuhlanganisa ne-US President's Malaria Initiative, i-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation kanye ne-MedAccess, ukusekela ukukhiqizwa kobufakazi kanye namaphrojekthi okuhlola ukusheshisa ukushintshela emanethini okulala alashwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane ezimbili e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara ukuze kulungiswe ukumelana ne-pyrethroid.
Amanethiwekhi aqala ukufakwa eBurkina Faso ngo-2019, kanye neminyaka eyalandela eBenin, eMozambique, eRwanda kanye nase-United Republic of Tanzania ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi amanethiwekhi asebenza kanjani ezimweni ezahlukene.
Ekupheleni kuka-2022, iphrojekthi ye-New Mosquito Nets, ngokubambisana ne-Global Fund kanye ne-US President's Malaria Initiative, izobe isifake amanethi omiyane angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-56 emazweni angu-17 e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara lapho kuye kwabhalwa khona ukuthi ukumelana nezinambuzane kuyasebenza.
Izivivinyo zemitholampilo kanye nezifundo zokuhlola zibonise ukuthi amanethi aqukethe izibulala-zinambuzane ezisebenza kabili athuthukisa amazinga okulawula umalaleveva ngo-20-50% uma kuqhathaniswa namanethi ajwayelekile aqukethe i-pyrethrins kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo zemitholampilo e-United Republic of Tanzania naseBenin zibonise ukuthi amanethi aqukethe i-pyrethrins kanye ne-chlorfenapyr anciphisa kakhulu amazinga okutheleleka komalaleveva ezinganeni ezineminyaka ephakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweyishumi.
Ukwandisa ukuthunyelwa nokuqapha amanethi omiyane esizukulwane esilandelayo, imijovo kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obusha kuzodinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo ezinhlelweni zokulawula nokuqeda umalaleveva, okuhlanganisa nokuqinisekisa ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwe-Global Fund kanye ne-Gavi Vaccine Alliance.
Ngaphezu kwamanethi amasha ombhede, abacwaningi bathuthukisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okulawula ama-vector, njengemithi yokuxosha izinyoni, izithiyo zasekhaya ezibulalayo (amashubhu enduku yesihenqo), kanye nomiyane abaklanywe ngofuzo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-08-2025