Ukusetshenziswa kweisibulala-zinambuzaneAmanethi aphathwe ngemithi (ama-ITN) isu lokuvimbela umalaleveva elinconywe yi-World Health Organization (WHO). INigeria ibilokhu isabalalisa ama-ITN njalo ngesikhathi sokungenelela kusukela ngo-2007. Imisebenzi yokungenelela kanye nempahla kuvame ukulandelwa kusetshenziswa izinhlelo zephepha noma zedijithali. Ngo-2017, umsebenzi we-ITN e-Ondo University wethula indlela yedijithali yokulandelela ukuba khona kwezifundo zokuqeqesha. Ngemva kokwethulwa ngempumelelo komkhankaso we-ITN ka-2017, imikhankaso elandelayo ihlela ukufaka ezinye izici zomkhankaso kwidijithali ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzibophezela kanye nokusebenza kahle kokusatshalaliswa kwe-ITN. Ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 lube nezinselele ezengeziwe ekusatshalalisweni kwe-ITN okuhlelelwe u-2021, futhi kwenziwe izinguquko emasu okuhlela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umcimbi ungenziwa ngokuphephile. Lesi sihloko sinikeza izifundo ezifundwe emsebenzini wokusatshalaliswa kwe-ITN ka-2021 e-Ondo State, eNigeria.
Lo mkhankaso usebenzise uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula oluzinikele lweRedRose ukuqapha ukuhlela nokuqaliswa komkhankaso, ukuqoqa ulwazi lwasekhaya (kufaka phakathi ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi), nokulandelela ukudluliselwa kwama-ITN phakathi kwezikhungo zokusabalalisa kanye nemindeni. Ama-ITN asatshalaliswa ngesu lokusabalalisa elisebenza umnyango nomuzi elilodwa.
Imisebenzi yokuhlela okuncane iqedwa ezinyangeni ezine ngaphambi komcimbi. Ithimba likazwelonke kanye nabasizi bezobuchwepheshe bakahulumeni basekhaya baqeqeshwe ukwenza imisebenzi yokuhlela okuncane emazingeni kahulumeni wendawo, ewadini, esikhungweni sezempilo kanye nasemazingeni omphakathi, okuhlanganisa nokulinganisa okuncane kwamanethi okugomela izinambuzane. Abasizi bezobuchwepheshe bakahulumeni basekhaya base beya kohulumeni babo basekhaya ukuyonikeza ukuqeqeshwa, ukuqoqwa kwedatha kanye nokwenza ukuvakasha kokujwayelana kwabasebenzi bewadi. Ukuqondisa amawadi, ukuqoqwa kwedatha kanye nokuvakasha kokukhulisa ulwazi kwenziwa endaweni yeqembu, kulandelwa ngokuqinile imigomo neziqondiso zokuvimbela i-COVID-19. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqoqwa kwedatha, ithimba liqoqe amamephu ewadi (amaphethini), uhlu lomphakathi, imininingwane yabantu bewadi ngayinye, indawo yezikhungo zokusabalalisa kanye nezindawo zokugcina amanzi, kanye nenani labagqugquzeli kanye nabasabalalisi abadingekayo ewadini ngayinye. Imephu yewadi yathuthukiswa ngabaphathi bewadi, abaphathi bentuthuko yewadi kanye nabamele umphakathi futhi yahlanganisa izindawo zokuhlala, izikhungo zezempilo kanye nezikhungo zokusabalalisa.
Ngokuvamile, imikhankaso ye-ITN isebenzisa isu lokusabalalisa eliqondiswe ezigabeni ezimbili. Isigaba sokuqala sihilela ukuhambela imizi ngemizi. Ngesikhathi sokufinyelela umphakathi, amaqembu okubalwa kwabantu aqoqa ulwazi oluhlanganisa nosayizi wemizi futhi anikeza imindeni amakhadi e-NIS abonisa inani lama-ITN ababenelungelo lokuwathola endaweni yokusabalalisa. Ukuvakasha kuhlanganisa nezikhathi zemfundo yezempilo ezinikeza ulwazi mayelana nomalaleveva nokuthi zingasetshenziswa kanjani futhi zinakekelwe kanjani amanethi omiyane. Ukuthutha umphakathi kanye nokuhlola kuvame ukwenzeka amasonto angu-1-2 ngaphambi kokusabalalisa i-ITN. Esigabeni sesibili, abameleli bemindeni kudingeka beze endaweni ethile namakhadi abo e-NIS ukuze bathole ama-ITN abanelungelo lokuwathola. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lo mkhankaso usebenzise isu lokusabalalisa umphakathi ngendlu ngendlu. Isu lihilela ukuvakashela umndeni kanye lapho ukuthutha umphakathi, ukubalwa kwabantu, kanye nokusabalalisa ama-ITN kwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa. Indlela yesigaba esisodwa ihlose ukugwema ukuminyana ezindaweni zokusabalalisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe inani lokuxhumana phakathi kwamaqembu okusabalalisa kanye namalungu emindeni ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwe-COVID-19. Indlela yokusabalalisa indlu ngendlu ihilela ukuhlanganisa nokusabalalisa amaqembu ukuze aqoqe ama-ITN ezikhungweni zokusabalalisa futhi awalethe ngqo emakhaya, kunokuba imindeni iqoqe ama-ITN ezindaweni ezimisiwe. Amaqembu okuthutha nokusabalalisa asebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuhamba ukuze asakaze ama-ITN - ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ukugibela ibhayisikili kanye nezimoto - kuye ngokuthi indawo ngayinye injani kanye nebanga eliphakathi kwemindeni. Ngokuhambisana neziqondiso zikazwelonke zokugomela umalaleveva, umndeni ngamunye unikezwa umthamo owodwa wokugomela umalaleveva, onesilinganiso esiphezulu semithamo emine yokugomela umalaleveva ngomndeni ngamunye. Uma inani lamalungu omndeni lingalingani, inani liyahlanganiswa.
Ukuze kulandelwe i-World Health Organization kanye neziqondiso ze-Nigerian National Centre for Disease Control and Prevention on COVID-19, kuthathwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo ngesikhathi kusatshalaliswa lo mnikelo:
Ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi bokulethwa ngemishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (i-PPE), okuhlanganisa imaski kanye ne-sanitizer yezandla;
Landela izindlela zokuvimbela i-COVID-19, okuhlanganisa ukuqhelelana ngokomzimba, ukugqoka imaski ngaso sonke isikhathi, kanye nokuzijwayeza ukuhlanzeka kwezandla; kanye
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa nokusabalalisa, umndeni ngamunye wathola imfundo yezempilo. Ulwazi olunikezwe ngezilimi zendawo lwaluhlanganisa izihloko ezifana nomalaleveva, i-COVID-19, kanye nokusetshenziswa nokunakekelwa kwamanethi omiyane aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane.
Ngemva kwezinyanga ezine umkhankaso uqalisiwe, kwenziwa ucwaningo lwemindeni ezifundeni ezingu-52 ukuze kuqashwe ukutholakala kwamanethi aphathwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane emakhaya.
I-RedRose iyipulatifomu yokuqoqwa kwedatha yeselula ehlanganisa amakhono okuhlala endaweni ukuze kulandelwe ukuba khona emihlanganweni yokuqeqeshwa kanye nokuqapha ukudluliselwa kwemali kanye nempahla ngesikhathi semikhankaso yokuhlanganisa kanye nokusabalalisa. Ipulatifomu yesibili yedijithali, i-SurveyCTO, isetshenziselwa ukuqapha ngesikhathi nangemva kwenqubo.
Ithimba le-Information and Communications Technology (ICT) for Development (ICT4D) lalinomthwalo wemfanelo wokusetha amadivayisi eselula e-Android ngaphambi kokuqeqeshwa, kanye nangaphambi kokuthutha nokusabalalisa. Ukusetha kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukuthi idivayisi isebenza kahle, ukushaja ibhethri, kanye nokuphatha izilungiselelo (kufaka phakathi izilungiselelo ze-geolocation).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-31-2025