Abacwaningi boMnyango Wezesayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo e-Indian Institute of Sciences (IISc) bathole indlela okunesikhathi eside ifunwa esetshenziswa izitshalo zasendulo ezifana nama-bryophyte (okubandakanya ubulembu nama-liverworts)lawula ukukhula kwezitshalo– indlela ebuye ilondolozwe ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo ezisanda kuvela.
Lolu cwaningo, olushicilelwe kujenali ye-Nature Chemical Biology, lugxile ekulawuleni okungajwayelekile kwephrotheni ye-DELLA, isilawuli sokukhula esiyinhloko esingavimbela ukuhlukana kwamaseli ezitshalweni ze-embryonic (izitshalo zomhlaba).
"UDELLA wenza njengeqhubu, kodwa uma lesi sivinini sihlala sikhona, lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukunyakaza," kuchaza u-Debabrata Laha, uprofesa ohlanganyele we-biochemistry kanye nomlobi ohlanganyele wocwaningo. Ngakho-ke, ukuwohloka kwamaprotheni e-DELLA kubalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwezitshalo. Ezitshalweni eziqhakaza izimbali, i-DELLA yonakaliswa lapho i-phytohormonei-gibberellin (GA)ibophezela kumamukeli wayo i-GID1, yakhe inkimbinkimbi ye-GA-GID1-DELLA. Ngokulandelayo, iphrotheni yokucindezela i-DELLA ibophezela kumaketango e-ubiquitin futhi yehliswa i-26S proteasome.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ama-bryophyte ayephakathi kwezitshalo zokuqala ezakha umhlabathi, cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-500 edlule. Nakuba bekhiqiza i-phytohormone gibberellin (GA), abanayo i-GID1 receptor. Lokhu kuphakamisa umbuzo: kwakulawulwa kanjani ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwalezi zitshalo zasensimini zakuqala?
Abacwaningi basebenzise uhlelo lwe-CRISPR-Cas9 ukuze bakhiphe isakhi sofuzo esihambisanayo se-VIH, ngalokho beqinisekisa indima ye-VIH. Izitshalo ezingenayo i-enzyme ye-VIH esebenzayo zibonisa ukukhula okukhulu kanye nokukhubazeka kwentuthuko kanye nokungahambi kahle kwe-morphological, njenge-thallus eminyene, ukukhula kwe-radial okungalungile, nokuntuleka kwe-calyx. Lezi ziphambeko zalungiswa ngokushintsha i-genome yesitshalo ukuze ikhiqize isiphetho esisodwa kuphela (i-N-terminus) ye-enzyme ye-VIH. Lisebenzisa amasu e-chromatography athuthukisiwe, ithimba labacwaningi lithole ukuthi i-N-terminus iqukethe isizinda se-kinase esenza ukukhiqizwa kwe-InsP₈.
Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi i-DELLA ingenye yezinkomba zamaselula ze-VIH kinase. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babona ukuthi i-phenotype yezitshalo ezintula i-MpVIH yayifana neyezitshalo ze-Miscanthus multiforme enenkulumo eyandayo ye-DELLA.
"Okwamanje, simagange ukuthola ukuthi ukuzinza kwe-DELLA noma umsebenzi uyathuthukiswa yini ezitshalweni ezintula i-MpVIH," kusho u-Priyanshi Rana, umfundi ofundela ubudokotela eqenjini locwaningo likaLahey kanye nombhali wokuqala wephepha. Ngokuvumelana ne-hypothesis yabo, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukuvimbela kwe-DELLA kubuyisela kakhulu ukukhula nokukhubazeka kwentuthuko ezitshalweni eziguquguqukayo ze-MpVIH. Lokhu okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi i-VIH kinase ilawula kabi i-DELLA, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaze ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwezitshalo.
Abacwaningi bahlanganisa izindlela zofuzo, ze-biochemical, kanye ne-biophysical ukuze bacacise indlela i-inositol pyrophosphate elawula ngayo i-DELLA protein expression kule bryophyte. Ngokukhethekile, i-InsP₈, ekhiqizwe i-MpVIH, ibophezela kuphrotheni ye-MpDELLA, ikhuthaze i-polyubiquitination yayo, okubuye kuholele ekulimazeni le phrotheni yokucindezela yi-proteasome.
Ucwaningo ngephrotheni ye-DELLA luhlehlela emuva kuNguquko Yokuhlaza, lapho ososayensi bengazi besebenzisa amandla ayo ukuze benze izinhlobo ezikhiqiza kakhulu ze-semi-dwarf. Nakuba indlela yokusebenza kwayo yayingaziwa ngaleso sikhathi, ubuchwepheshe besimanje buye benza ososayensi bakwazi ukusebenzisa ukuhlelwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze balawule ukusebenza kwaleli phrotheni, ngaleyo ndlela bandise ngempumelelo isivuno sezitshalo.
"Ngokukhula kwesibalo sabantu kanye nokuncipha komhlaba olimekayo, ukwanda kwesivuno sesibucayi," kusho uRaha. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi ukucekelwa phansi kwe-InsP₈-regulated DELLA kungase kusabalele ezitshalweni ezisakhula, lokhu kutholwa kungase kuvule indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ezithela kakhulu esizukulwaneni esilandelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-31-2025