Sibe nemvula enkulu ngoJuni kulo nyaka, eyabambezela ukwenziwa kotshani kanye nokutshala. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuzoba nesomiso esizayo, esizosigcina simatasa engadini nasepulazini.
Ukuphathwa kwezinambuzane okuhlanganisiwe kubalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezithelo nemifino. Kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukahlukene ukulawula izinambuzane nezifo ngendlela eqhubekayo, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezimelana nezifo, ukwelashwa kwembewu emanzini ashisayo, ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo, ukuphathwa kwamanzi, kanye nezitshalo ezicuphayo.
Ezinye izindlela zifaka phakathi ukulawulwa kwemvelo nokwezinto eziphilayo, izinyathelo zokuhlanzeka, ukulawulwa kwemishini namasiko, imikhawulo yesenzo, izinto ezikhethiwe kanye nokuphathwa kokumelana. Njengendlela yokugcina, sisebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ngokukhetha nangokucophelela ngokumelene nezinambuzane okunzima ukuzilawula.
I-Colorado potato beetle isiye yamelana nemithi eminingi yokubulala izinambuzane ebhalisiwe, okwenza kube ngesinye sezinambuzane okunzima kakhulu ukuzilawula. Izibungu kanye nabantu abadala badla amaqabunga ezitshalo, okungaholela ngokushesha ekususweni kwamaqabunga amaningi uma kungavinjelwanga. Ezifweni ezinkulu, izibungu zingadla nezithelo eziphezu komhlabathi.
Indlela yendabuko yokulawula i-Colorado potato beetle ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ze-neonicotinoid (kufaka phakathi i-imidacloprid) ezitshalweni. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwalezi zibulala-zinambuzane kuyehla kwezinye izindawo zase-United States ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kokumelana.
Ama-Colorado potato beetle angalawulwa ngempumelelo ezitshalweni ezincane ngokuzisusa njalo ngesandla. Ama-larvae kanye nama-adult angahlukaniswa bese efakwa esitsheni esinamanzi kanye namaconsi ambalwa oketshezi lokugeza izitsha. Lolu ketshezi lunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamanzi, okubangela ukuthi izinambuzane ziminze kunokuba zibaleke.
Abalimi bafuna ikhambi eliphephile nelisebenzayo elingashiyi izinsalela zamakhemikhali anobuthi. Ngesikhathi ngicwaninga ngokulawulwa kwezinambuzane zamazambane, ngithole ulwazi ngemikhiqizo eminingana equkethe i-spinosad, okuhlanganisa ne-Bonide's Colorado Potato Beetle Insecticide. Eminye imikhiqizo equkethe i-spinosad ihlanganisa i-Entrust, i-Captain Jack's Deadbug Brew, i-Conserve, i-Monterey Garden Insect Spray, kanye neminye eminingi.
Imikhiqizo equkethe i-spinosad iyindlela ehlukile yemvelo yokulawula izinambuzane ezingadini kanye nakubalimi bemifino nezithelo bezentengiselwano. Isebenza kahle ngokumelene nezinambuzane eziningi ezihlafunwayo njenge-thrips, amabhungane kanye nezibungu, futhi ivikela nezinambuzane eziningi eziwusizo.
Iphinde yonakale ngokushesha endaweni ezungezile uma ivezwa elangeni nasezilwanyaneni ezincane zomhlabathi, okwenza kube usizo kakhulu kubalimi ababhekene nezinkinga zokumelana nezinambuzane.
I-Spinosad iyisithako sezinzwa futhi iyisitho esinobuthi esiswini, ngakho-ke ibulala izinambuzane ezihlangana nayo kanye nalezo ezidla amaqabunga ayo. I-Spinosad inendlela ehlukile yokusebenza esiza ekuvimbeleni ukumelana nama-organophosphates nama-carbamates, okuyizithibi ze-acetylcholinesterase.
Ungasebenzisi kakhulu imithi yokubulala izinambuzane. Kunconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe kathathu kuphela ezinsukwini ezingu-30. Ukuze ulwe ne-Colorado potato beetle, kungcono ukufafaza emini, uma kungenzeka ngosuku olunelanga.
I-Spinozad iyasebenza ekulweni nezinambuzane ezihlafunwayo futhi kumele igwinywe yilesi sinambuzane. Ngakho-ke ayisebenzi kahle ekulweni nezinambuzane ezihlabayo nezizingelayo ezingahlosiwe. I-Spinozad isebenza ngokushesha. Izinambuzane ziyafa zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kusukela into esebenzayo ingena emzimbeni.
Esinye sezici eziphawulekayo zemithi yokubulala izinambuzane ukusebenza kwayo ekubulaleni izinambuzane ezingamelani nezibulala-zinambuzane ezithengiswayo noma okunzima kakhulu ukuzibulala, okuhlanganisa ne-Colorado potato beetle eyesabekayo, i-fall armyworm, i-cabbage moth, kanye ne-corn borer.
I-Spinosad ingasetshenziswa njengesithasiselo ekulawuleni izinambuzane ezitshalweni ezibalulekile njengotamatisi, upelepele, isitshalo seqanda, i-rape yembewu kawoyela kanye nemifino enamaqabunga. Abalimi bangahlanganisa i-spinosad nezinye izibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo ezifana ne-Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) ukulawula izinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane ezibalulekile.
Lokhu kuzosiza izinambuzane ezizuzisayo ukuthi zisinde futhi ekugcineni kuncishiswe inani lezibulala-zinambuzane ezisetshenziswayo. Kummbila omnandi, i-spinosad iyasebenza ngokumelene nezinambuzane zommbila kanye nezinambuzane zezempi. Ingalawula futhi inani lezibulala-zinambuzane zommbila eliphakathi ngaphandle kokulimaza imvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-21-2025