Ukusebenza kahle kwezibulala-zinambuzane ngokumelene nomiyane kungahluka kakhulu ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku, kanye naphakathi kwemini nobusuku. Ucwaningo lwaseFlorida luthole ukuthi omiyane basendle base-Aedes aegypti abamelana ne-permethrin babezwela kakhulu kulesi sinambuzane phakathi kwamabili nokuphuma kwelanga. Ukumelana kwabe sekukhula phakathi nosuku, lapho omiyane babesebenza kakhulu, befika phezulu kusihlwa kanye nengxenye yokuqala yobusuku.
Okutholakele ocwaningweni olwenziwe ngabacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseFlorida (UF) kunemiphumela ebanzi kakhuluukulawulwa kwezinambuzaneochwepheshe, okubavumela ukuthi basebenzise izibulala-zinambuzane ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana, bonge imali, futhi banciphise umthelela wazo emvelweni. “Sithole ukuthi imithamo ephezulu kakhulu yei-permethrin“Kwakudingeka ukubulala omiyane ngo-6 ntambama nango-10 ebusuku. Le mininingwane iphakamisa ukuthi i-permethrin ingase isebenze kangcono uma isetshenziswa phakathi kwamabili nokusa (6 ekuseni) kunasekuhwaleleni (cishe ngo-6 ntambama),” kusho uLt. Sierra Schloop, umbhali ohlanganyele wocwaningo. Ucwaningo lwanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of Medical Entomology ngoFebhuwari. USchloop, isikhulu se-entomology e-UF Naval Sealift Command, ungumfundi we-doctorate kwi-entomology eNyuvesi yaseFlorida kanye no-Eva Buckner, Ph.D., umbhali omkhulu wocwaningo.
Kungase kubonakale sengathi kunengqondo ukuthi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokusebenzisa isibulala-zinambuzane komiyane yilapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi baqhume, bashaye, futhi balume, kodwa lokho akulona njalo iqiniso, okungenani ekuhlolweni kwe-permethrin, enye yezinhlobo ezimbili zezinambuzane ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokulawula omiyane e-United States, eyasetshenziswa kulolu cwaningo. Umiyane we-Aedes aegypti uluma ikakhulukazi emini, kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle, futhi usebenza kakhulu cishe emahoreni amabili ngemva kokuphuma kwelanga kanye namahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga. Ukukhanya okwenziwe kungandisa isikhathi abangasichitha ebumnyameni.
I-Aedes aegypti (eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi umiyane we-yellow fever) itholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica futhi iyimbangela yamagciwane abangela i-chikungunya, i-dengue, i-yellow fever, kanye ne-Zika. Ihlotshaniswa nokuqubuka kwezifo eziningana ezivamile eFlorida.
Kodwa-ke, uSchluep waphawula ukuthi okuyiqiniso ngohlobo olulodwa lomiyane eFlorida kungase kungabi yiqiniso nakwezinye izifunda. Izici ezahlukahlukene, njengendawo yezwe, zingabangela imiphumela yokulandelana kwezakhi zofuzo zomiyane othile ukuba ihluke kweyamaChihuahua namaGreat Danes. Ngakho-ke, wagcizelela, okutholakele ocwaningweni kusebenza kuphela komiyane we-yellow fever eFlorida.
Nokho, kukhona isixwayiso esisodwa. Okutholakele kulolu cwaningo kungahlanganiswa ukuze kusisize siqonde kangcono ezinye izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo.
Ukuthola okubalulekile kwalolu cwaningo kubonise ukuthi izakhi zofuzo ezithile ezikhiqiza ama-enzyme aguqula futhi asuse ubuthi ku-permethrin nazo zithintekile yizinguquko ekukhanyeni okukhulu esikhathini samahora angama-24. Lolu cwaningo lugxile kuzakhi zofuzo ezinhlanu kuphela, kodwa imiphumela ingadluliselwa kwezinye izakhi zofuzo ezingaphandle kocwaningo.
"Uma sibheka lokho esikwaziyo ngalezi zindlela kanye nesayensi yezinto eziphilayo zomiyane, kunengqondo ukwelula lo mbono ngale kwalezi zakhi zofuzo kanye nalesi sibalo sasendle," kusho uSchluep.
Ukuvezwa noma umsebenzi walezi zakhi zofuzo uqala ukwanda ngemva kuka-2 ntambama futhi ufinyelela esicongweni ebumnyameni phakathi kuka-6 ntambama no-2 ekuseni uSchlup ukhomba ukuthi kuzo zonke izakhi zofuzo eziningi ezihilelekile kule nqubo, ezinhlanu kuphela eziye zafundwa. Uthi lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi lapho lezi zakhi zofuzo zisebenza kanzima, ukukhishwa kobuthi emzimbeni kuyathuthukiswa. Ama-enzyme angagcinwa ukuze asetshenziswe ngemva kokuba ukukhiqizwa kwawo kwehle.
"Ukuqonda kangcono ukuhlukahluka kwezinsuku zonke kokumelana nezinambuzane okubangelwa ama-enzyme okususa ubuthi ku-Aedes aegypti kungavumela ukusetshenziswa okuqondiwe kwezinambuzane ngezikhathi lapho ukuzwela kuphezulu kakhulu futhi umsebenzi wama-enzyme okususa ubuthi uphansi kakhulu," kusho yena.
"Izinguquko zesikhathi ngasinye ekuzweleni kwe-permethrin kanye nokubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-metabolic ku-Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) eFlorida"
U-Ed Ricciuti uyintatheli, umbhali, kanye nesazi semvelo osebhale iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Incwadi yakhe yakamuva ithi Backyard Bears: Big Animals, Suburban Sprawl, and the New Urban Jungle (Countryman Press, Juni 2014). Izinyathelo zakhe zigcwele umhlaba wonke. Ugxile emvelweni, kwisayensi, ekulondolozweni nasekuphoqelelweni komthetho. Wake waba ngumnakekeli eNew York Zoological Society futhi manje usebenzela iWildlife Conservation Society. Kungenzeka ukuthi uyena kuphela umuntu oseManhattan's 57th Street oye walunywa yi-coati.
Omiyane be-Aedes scapularis batholakale kanye kuphela ngaphambilini, ngo-1945 eFlorida. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olusha lwamasampula omiyane oluqoqwe ngo-2020 luthole ukuthi omiyane be-Aedes scapularis sebezinze ezifundeni zaseMiami-Dade naseBroward ezwenikazi laseFlorida. [Funda kabanzi]
Izintuthwane ezinekhanda eliyi-cone zivela eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu futhi zitholakala ezindaweni ezimbili kuphela e-United States: iDania Beach kanye nePompano Beach, eFlorida. Ukuhlaziywa okusha kwezakhi zofuzo kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili kusikisela ukuthi zavela ekuhlaselweni okufanayo. [Funda kabanzi]
Ngemva kokutholakala kokuthi omiyane bangahamba amabanga amade besebenzisa imimoya ephakeme, ucwaningo olwengeziwe lukhulisa izinhlobo kanye nohlu lomiyane abathintekayo ekufudukeni okunjalo - izinto eziqinisekile ukuthi zizokwenza kube nzima imizamo yokunciphisa ukusabalala kwe-malaria nezinye izifo ezithwalwa omiyane e-Afrika. [Funda kabanzi]
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-26-2025