I-Fluoxapyr iyi-carboxamideisikhuntaithuthukiswe yi-BASF.Inemisebenzi emihle yokuvimbela kanye nokwelapha.Isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela nokulawula izifo zesikhunta ezibanzi, okungenani izinhlobo ezingama-26 zezifo zokukhunta.Ingasetshenziselwa izitshalo ezicishe zibe yikhulu, njengezitshalo zokusanhlamvu, imidumba, izitshalo zikawoyela, amakinati, izihlahla zezithelo zompome nezamatshe, imifino yezimpande ne-tuber, imifino yezithelo nokotini, ukwelapha amaqabunga noma imbewu.I-Fluoxafenamide iyi-succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor kanye nesikhunta esihle kakhulu esakhiwe eminyakeni yamuva nje.
Izici ze-Physicochemical of fluconazole
I-Fluconazole Igama Lekhemikhali: 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-(3′,4′,5′-trifluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoro Methyl)-1- i-methyl-N-(3′,4′,5′-trifluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;Inombolo ye-CAS: 907204-31-3, ifomula ye-Molecular: C18H12F5N3O.Isisindo sengqamuzana: 381.31 g/mol.I-Fluoxapyr (ubumsulwa 99.3%) iyindawo emhlophe ukuya ku-beige eqinile, ayinaphunga, iphoyinti elincibilikayo 156.8℃, ukuminyana okuhlobene (20℃) 1.42 g/mL, yabola cishe ku-230 ℃, ukucindezela komhwamuko (kulinganiselwa): 2.7×10- 9 Pa 20°C), 8.1×10-9 Pa (25°C);Ukuqina kukaHenry: 3.028×10-7 Pa·m3/mol.Ukunyibilika (20℃): amanzi 3.88 mg/L (pH 5.84), 3.78 mg/L (pH 4.01), 3.44 mg/L (pH 7.00), 3.84 mg/L (pH 9.00);i-organic solvent (ukuhlanzeka kobuchwepheshe 99.2) %) (g/L, 20℃): i-acetone>250, i-acetonitrile 167.6±0.2, i-dichloromethane 146.1±0.3, i-ethyl acetate 123.3±0.2, i-methanol±0 20.4. i-octanol 4.69±0.1 , n-heptane 0.106 ± 0.001.I-n-octanol-water partition coefficient (20°C): ilogi yamanzi enziwe i-deionized Kow 3.08, log Kow 3.09 (pH 4), ilogi Kow 3.13 (pH 7), log Kow 3.09 (pH 9), i-log ye-Kow (3.10±0.02) ).Izinzile kusisombululo esinamanzi ku-pH 4, 5, 7, 9 ngaphansi kwezimo ezimnyama neziyinyumba.Ukukhanyisa kuzinzile.
Ubuthi be-Fluoxafen
Ubuthi obunzima bomlomo kumagundane (owesifazane) wesidakamizwa sokuqala se-fluconazole: LD50≥2,000 mg/kg, ubuthi obunzima besikhumba kumagundane (abesilisa nabesifazane): LD50>2,000 mg/kg, ubuthi obunamandla bokuhogela amagundane (abesilisa nabesifazane) : LC50~5.1 mg/L;ukucasuka kancane emehlweni onogwaja kanye nesikhumba onogwaja;akukho ukuzwela esikhumbeni se-guinea pig.Ayikho i-carcinogenicity, ayikho i-teratogenicity, ayikho imiphumela emibi ekuzaleni, ayikho i-genotoxicity, i-neurotoxicity kanye ne-immunotoxicity.
Ubuthi obunamandla ezinyonini LD50＞2,000 mg/kg, ubuthi obukhulu ku-Daphnia 6.78 mg/L (48 h), ubuthi obunzima ezinhlanzini (96 h) LC50 0.546 mg/L, ubuthi obunzima ezilwaneni ezingenamgogodla zasemanzini (48 h) 6 EC80. mg/L, ubuthi obunzima ku-algae (72 h) EC50 0.70 mg/L, ubuthi bokuthintana kakhulu nezinyosi (48 h) LD50>100 μg/inyosi, ubuthi obunzima bomlomo ezinyosini (48 h) LD50>110.9 μg/inyosi, ubuthi obunamandla emibuthweni ngu-LC50>1,000 mg/kg (izinsuku eziyi-14).Kusukela kudatha engenhla, kungabonakala ukuthi i-Fluoxafen inobuthi ezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini futhi inobuthi obuphansi kwezinye izinto eziphilayo ezinenzuzo.
Indlela yokusebenza ye-fluoxafen
I-Fluoxafenamide iyi-succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, esebenza nge-succinate dehydrogenase ku-mitochondrial respiratory chain complex ukuvimbela umsebenzi wayo, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu ze-fungal pathogen, ukukhula kwamashubhu amagciwane kanye ne-mycelium.
Izinto zokulawula i-Fluconazole
I-Fluoxamid isebenza kahle kakhulu, ine-spectrum ebanzi, ihlala isikhathi eside, iyakhetha, ine-systemic conductivity enhle kakhulu, futhi imelana nokuguguleka kwemvula.Ingakwazi ukulawula ngempumelelo okusanhlamvu, ubhontshisi wesoya, ummbila, imbewu ye-rapese, izihlahla zezithelo, imifino, namabhitrudi ashukela ngokusebenzisa amahlamvu kanye nokwelashwa kwembewu., amantongomane, ukotini, utshani kanye nezitshalo ezikhethekile, njll., okufana nokusanhlamvu, ubhontshisi wesoya, izihlahla zezithelo nemifino okubangelwa i-Concha, i-Botrytis cinerea, i-Powdery mildew, i-Cercospora, i-Puccinia, i-Rhizoctonia, i-Sclerotium Izifo ezibangelwa isikhunta esingaphakathi, i-botrytis cinerea, ukugqwala , i-powdery mildew ye-legumes, i-cotton blight, izifo ze-sunflower kanye ne-rapeseed ebangelwa i-Alternaria, njll. Ibhaliswe ukuze isetshenziswe ezitshalweni ezingaphezu kuka-70 ngo-2015, i-BASF ihlose ukubhalisa ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezingaphezu kwe-100.
I-Fluoxafen inokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile, futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo eyinhlanganisela.I-Adexar (i-fluconazole + epoxiconazole) isetshenziselwa ukolweni, ibhali, i-triticale, i-rye kanye ne-oats ukulawula i-powdery mildew, i-leaf blight, i-glume blight, i-stripe rust kanye nokugqwala kwamaqabunga.I-Priaxor (i-flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin) ibhaliswe e-United States kubhontshisi wesoya, utamatisi, amazambane nezinye izitshalo zasensimini, futhi inemiphumela ekhethekile ekulawuleni indawo ensundu yesoya (Septoria glycines);I-Orkestra SC (i-flufenapyr + Pyraclostrobin) ibhaliswe eBrazil ngobhontshisi wesoya, amawolintshi, amazambane, u-anyanisi, izaqathe, ama-apula, umango, amakhabe, ukhukhamba, i-bell pepper, utamatisi, i-canola, amakinati, ubhontshisi wezinso, ubhekilanga, amabele, ummbila, ukolweni kanye izimbali (i-Chrysanthemum nerose), njll., zingalawula ukugqwala kukabhontshisi wesoya wase-Asia, zithuthukise i-photosynthesis yezitshalo, futhi zisetshenziselwe ukulawula ukumelana nezifo.I-Priaxor D (i-flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin + tetraflufenazole) ibhaliswe e-United States ukuze ivimbele futhi ilawulwe indawo empunga kabhontshisi wesoya ongazweli kuma-fungicides e-methoxyacrylate.I-ejenti yokwelapha imbewu i-Obvius (i-flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin + metalaxyl) ibhaliswe e-United States futhi ingalawula izifo ezihlukahlukene zezithombo zezitshalo eziningi.
I-succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides ikhule ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi i-fluoxamid ingumkhiqizo ohamba phambili walolu hlobo lwefungicide, ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu, i-spectrum ebanzi, umsebenzi wesistimu, ofanele izitshalo ezihlukahlukene nezinye izici Ikakhulukazi, okuqhubekayo. ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo yayo eyinhlanganisela kukhulise i-spectrum yokulawula kanye nobubanzi bezitshalo ezisetshenziswayo, futhi sekuyiparele elikhanyayo emakethe yokubulala isikhunta.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-18-2022