Ukuthuthukiswa Kwakamuva kwe-Topramezone

I-Topramezone iyisibulala-zithombo sokuqala esakhiwe yi-BASF emasimini ommbila, okuyi-4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate oxidase (4-HPPD) inhibitor.Kusukela yethulwa ngo-2011, igama lomkhiqizo elithi "Baowei" lifakwe ohlwini eShayina, lephula ukuphepha kwemithi yokubulala ukhula evamile yasensimini yommbila futhi iheha ukunaka kwemboni.

Inzuzo evelele kakhulu ye-topramezone ukuphepha kwayo kommbila kanye nezitshalo ezilandelayo, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zombila ezifana nommbila ovamile, ummbila onama-glutinous, ummbila omnandi, ummbila wasensimini, no-popcorn.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inomthamo obanzi we-herbicide, umsebenzi ophezulu, nokuxubeka okuqinile, futhi inemiphumela emihle yokulawula ukhula olumelana ne-glyphosate, i-triazine, i-acetyllactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors, ne-acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors.

Ngokwemibiko, eminyakeni yamuva, njengoba ukhula olungazweli emasimini ommbila sekuya kuba nzima ukululawula, inzuzo nokulawula ukusebenza kahle kwemithi yokubulala ukhula kagwayi ne-nitrate iye yehla, futhi izinkampani zezibulala-zinambuzane ezifuywayo ziye zanaka kakhulu i-topramezone.Ngokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwelungelo lobunikazi le-BASF eShayina (inombolo yelungelo lobunikazi ZL98802797.6 ye-topramezone iphelelwe yisikhathi ngoJanuwari 8, 2018), inqubo yokwenziwa kwendawo yomuthi wokuqala nayo iqhubekela phambili kancane, futhi imakethe yawo izovuleka kancane kancane.

Ngo-2014, ukuthengiswa komhlaba wonke kwe-topramezone bekungamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-85, kwathi ngo-2017, ukuthengiswa komhlaba wonke kwakhuphuka kwafinyelela kumlando ophezulu wamadola ayizigidi eziyi-124, kukleliswe endaweni yesine kuma-HPPD inhibitor herbicides (okuthathu okuphezulu kuyi-nitrosulfuron, isoxacloprid, ne-cyclosulfuron).Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani ezifana ne-Bayer ne-Syngenta zifinyelele esivumelwaneni sokuthuthukisa ngokuhlanganyela ubhontshisi wesoya obekezelela i-HPPD, okubuye kube nomthelela ekukhuleni kokuthengiswa kwe-topramezone.Ngokombono wevolumu yokuthengisa yomhlaba wonke, izimakethe zokuthengisa eziphambili ze-topramezone zisemazweni afana ne-United States, iJalimane, i-China, i-India, i-Indonesia, ne-Mexico.