(Beyond Pesticides, January 5, 2022) Ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kwezibulala-zinambuzane kungase kube nemiphumela elimazayo ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto ezinsaneni, ngokocwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngasekupheleni konyaka odlule kujenali Pediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. Lolu cwaningo lugxile kwabesifazane base-Hispanic abahola kancane e-Los Angeles, eCalifornia, ababhalise ocwaningweni oluqhubekayo olubizwa nge-Maternal and Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stress (MADRES). Njengezinye izinto ezingcolisa imvelo emphakathini, imiphakathi ehola kancane enemibala itholakala ngokulinganayo ezibulala-zinambuzane ezinobuthi, okuholela ekuchayekeni kusenesikhathi kanye nemiphumela yempilo yonke.
Abesifazane abafakwe eqenjini le-MADRES babengaphezu kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala futhi besazi kahle isiNgisi noma iSpanishi. Kulolu cwaningo, cishe ababambiqhaza abangu-300 be-MADRES bahlangabezane nemibandela yokufakwa futhi bagcwalisa uhlu lwemibuzo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ekhaya ekuvakasheni kwezinyanga ezi-3 ngemva kokubeletha. Uhlu lwemibuzo luvame ukubuza ukuthi ingabe izibulala-zinambuzane ziye zasetshenziswa yini ekhaya kusukela ingane yazalwa. Ngemva kwezinye izinyanga ezintathu, abacwaningi baphinde bahlola ukukhula kwezimoto zezingane besebenzisa ithuluzi lokuhlola i-Age and Stage-3 le-protocol, elihlola ikhono lezingane lokwenza ukunyakaza kwemisipha.
Sekukonke, cishe u-22% omama babike ukuthi basebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ekhaya ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila kwezingane zabo. Ukuhlaziywa kwathola ukuthi izingane ezingu-21 ezahlolwa zazingaphansi komkhawulo obekwe ithuluzi lokuhlola, okutusa ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngabahlinzeki bezempilo. “Kumodeli elungisiwe, amaphuzu aphelele ezimoto alindelwe abe ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.30 (95% CI 1.05, 1.61) ezinsaneni ezinonina ababike ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kwezibulala-zinambuzane noma izibulala-zinambuzane kunezinsana omama bazo abangazange babike ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Amaphuzu aphezulu akhombisa ukwehla kwamakhono emoto amakhulu kanye nokwehla kokusebenza kwezemidlalo,” kusho ucwaningo.
Nakuba abacwaningi bethi idatha eyengeziwe iyadingeka ukuze kutholakale izibulala-zinambuzane ezithile ezingase zibambe iqhaza, konke okutholakele kusekela umbono wokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zasendlini kuhlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezikhubazekile ezinganeni. Besebenzisa indlela ecabangela ukuguquguquka okungenakulinganiswa okungase kube nomthelela emiphumeleni yokugcina, abacwaningi baphawula: "Inani le-E le-1.92 (95% CI 1.28, 2.60) liphakamisa ukuthi inani elikhulu lama-confounders angenakulinganiswa liyadingeka. ukunciphisa ukuhlobana okubhekiwe phakathi kwemizi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamagundane. Ukuhlangana phakathi kwama-insecticide kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemoto yezingane.”
Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, kube nokuguquguquka okuvamile ekusetshenzisweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane ekhaya kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwamakhemikhali amadala e-organophosphate kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane ze-pyrethroid zokwenziwa. Kodwa lolu shintsho aluzange lubangele ukuchayeka okuphephile; Iqoqo elikhulayo lezincwadi liphakamisa ukuthi ama-synthetic pyrethroids angase abangele uchungechunge lwemiphumela emibi yezempilo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Kushicilelwe izifundo ezimbalwa ezixhumanisa ama-synthetic pyrethroids nezinkinga zokukhula kwezingane. Muva nje, ucwaningo lwango-2019 lwaseDenmark luthole ukuthi ukugxila okuphezulu kwezibulala-zinambuzane ze-pyrethroid kuhambelana namazinga aphezulu e-ADHD ezinganeni. Ukuchayeka emithini yokubulala izinambuzane usemncane kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa amakhono emoto kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezemfundo, abafana abachayeka kuma-synthetic pyrethroids babesengozini enkulu yokuthomba.
Lokhu okutholakele kuthinta kakhulu umongo wezifundo ezikhombisa ukuthi ama-synthetic pyrethroids angahlala kanjani ezindaweni eziqinile ezindlini isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Lezi zinsalela eziphikelelayo zingaholela ekuvezeni kabusha okuningi, kuguqule lokho umuntu angase akucabange njengomcimbi wokusetshenziswa kanye kube isenzakalo sokuchayeka sesikhathi eside. Kodwa ngeshwa, kubantu abaningi abahola kancane e-United States, ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane emakhaya nasezindlini ezizungezile akusona isinqumo abangasenza. Izinkampani eziningi zokuphatha izakhiwo, abanikazi bezindlu kanye neziphathimandla zezindlu zomphakathi zinezinkontileka zesevisi eziqhubekayo nezinkampani ezilawula izinambuzane zamakhemikhali noma zidinga ukuthi izakhamuzi zelaphe amakhaya azo njalo. Le ndlela eyisidala neyingozi yokulawula izinambuzane ivamise ukubandakanya ukuvakashela isevisi ukuze kunqandwe ukufafaza izibulala-zinambuzane ezinobuthi kungenasidingo, okuholela ekuchayekeni ngokulinganayo ezinambuzaneni kubantu abahola kancane ababengakwazi ukugcina amakhaya abo ehlanzekile. Akumangalisi ukuthi kungani, lapho ucwaningo lungabonisa ingozi yesifo kumakhodi e-zip, abantu abahola kancane, abantu bomdabu kanye nemiphakathi yemibala isengozini enkulu yezibulala-zinambuzane nezinye izifo zemvelo.
Nakuba ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukuphakela izingane ukudla okuphilayo kungathuthukisa inkumbulo namaphuzu okuhlolwa kobuhlakani, ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezibulala-zinambuzane ekhaya kungalulaza lezi zinzuzo, nakuba ezimweni eziningi ukudla okuphilayo kuba ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu yamanani. Ekugcineni, wonke umuntu kufanele akwazi ukuthola ukudla okunempilo okutshalwe ngaphandle kwezibulala-zinambuzane futhi akwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kokuchayeka ngempoqo kuzibulala-zinambuzane ezinobuthi ezingalimaza impilo yakho nomndeni wakho. Uma ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwezibulala-zinambuzane kungashintshwa—uma ungakwazi ukuyeka ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ekhaya lakho noma ukhulume nomninikhaya wakho noma umhlinzeki wesevisi—I-Beyond Pesticides incoma ngokuqinile ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuyeka ukuzisebenzisa. Ukuze uthole usizo lokumisa ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zasendlini kanye nokulawula izinambuzane zasekhaya ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali, vakashela i-Beyond Pesticides ManageSafe noma uxhumane nathi [i-imeyili ivikelwe].
Lokhu okufakiwe kufakwe ngoLwesithathu, Januwari 5, 2022 ngo-12:01 ekuseni futhi kufakwe ngaphansi kwe-Children, Motor Development Effects, Neervous System Effects, Synthetic Pyrethroids, Uncategorized. Ungalandela izimpendulo kulokhu okufakile nge-RSS 2.0 feed. Ungeqela ekugcineni bese ushiya impendulo. I-Ping ayivunyelwe ngalesi sikhathi.
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