Cishe u-7.0% wendawo yonke yomhlaba wonke uthintwa usawoti1, okusho ukuthi amahektha angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-900 zomhlaba emhlabeni athintwa usawoti kanye nosawoti we-sodic2, okubalwa u-20% wendawo elinywayo kanye no-10% wendawo eniselwayo. Ithatha ingxenye yendawo futhi inokuqukethwe kukasawoti okuphezulu3. Inhlabathi enosawoti iyinkinga enkulu ebhekene nezolimo zasePakistan4,5. Kulokhu, cishe amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-6.3 noma u-14% wendawo eniselwayo okwamanje ithintwa usawoti6.
Ukucindezeleka kwe-Abiotic kungashintshai-hormone yokukhula kwezitshaloimpendulo, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukukhula kwezitshalo kanye nesivuno sokugcina7. Lapho izitshalo zivezwa ekucindezelekeni kukasawoti, ibhalansi phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo ze-oxygen (ROS) ezisebenzayo kanye nomphumela wokucima kwama-enzyme e-antioxidant iyaphazamiseka, okuholela ekutheni izitshalo zihlushwe ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative8. Izitshalo ezinamazinga aphezulu ama-enzyme e-antioxidant (kokubili ahlanganisayo nalawo angangenisi) zinokumelana okunempilo nomonakalo we-oxidative, njenge-superoxide dismutase (SOD), i-guaiacol peroxidase (POD), i-peroxidase-catalase (CAT), i-ascorbate peroxidase (APOX), kanye ne-glutathione reductase (GR) zingathuthukisa ukubekezelela usawoti kwezitshalo ezingaphansi kokucindezeleka kukasawoti9. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-phytohormones kubikwe ukuthi adlala indima yokulawula ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezitshalo, ukufa kwamaseli okuhleliwe, kanye nokusinda ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezishintshayo10. I-Triacontanol iwutshwala obuyinhloko obugcwele obuyingxenye ye-wax ye-epidermal yezitshalo futhi bunezakhiwo ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo11,12 kanye nezakhiwo ezikhuthaza ukukhula ngamazinga aphansi13. Ukusetshenziswa kwamaqabunga kungathuthukisa kakhulu isimo se-photosynthetic pigment, ukuqongelela kwe-solute, ukukhula, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-biomass ezitshalweni14,15. Ukusetshenziswa kwamaqabunga e-triacontanol kungathuthukisa ukubekezelela ukucindezeleka kwezitshalo16 ngokulawula umsebenzi wama-enzyme amaningi e-antioxidant17, kwandise okuqukethwe kwe-osmoprotectant kwezicubu zamaqabunga ezitshalo11,18,19 kanye nokuthuthukisa impendulo yokumuncwa kwamaminerali abalulekile i-K+ ne-Ca2+, kodwa hhayi i-Na+.14 Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-triacontanol ikhiqiza ushukela onciphisa kakhulu, amaprotheni ancibilikayo, nama-amino acid ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezeleka20,21,22.
Imifino icebile ngamakhemikhali e-phyto kanye nezakhamzimba futhi ibalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi ze-metabolic emzimbeni womuntu23. Ukukhiqizwa kwemifino kusongelwa ukwanda kosawoti enhlabathini, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zezolimo eziniselwayo, ezikhiqiza u-40.0% wokudla komhlaba24. Izitshalo zemifino ezifana no-anyanisi, ukhukhamba, isitshalo seqanda, upelepele kanye notamatisi zizwela usawoti25, kanti ukhukhamba luyimifino ebalulekile yokudla kwabantu emhlabeni wonke26. Ukucindezeleka kosawoti kunomthelela omkhulu esilinganisweni sokukhula kwekhukhamba, nokho, amazinga kasawoti angaphezu kuka-25 mM aholela ekunciphiseni kwesivuno kufika ku-13%27,28. Imiphumela emibi yosawoti ekhukhambeni iholela ekukhuleni kwezitshalo kanye nesivuno esinciphile5,29,30. Ngakho-ke, inhloso yalolu cwaningo kwakuwukuhlola indima ye-triacontanol ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kosawoti ezinhlotsheni ze-cucumber kanye nokuhlola ikhono le-triacontanol lokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo kanye nokukhiqiza. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile futhi ekuthuthukiseni amasu afanele inhlabathi enosawoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sithole izinguquko ku-homeostasis yama-ion kuma-genotype e-cucumber ngaphansi kokucindezeleka kwe-NaCl.
Umphumela we-triacontanol kubalawuli be-osmotic abangaphili emaqabunga ezinhlobo ezine ze-cucumber genotypes ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okuvamile nosawoti.
Lapho izinhlobo ze-cucumber zihlwanyelwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezeleka kukasawoti, inani lezithelo eliphelele kanye nesisindo sezithelo esimaphakathi kwancishiswa kakhulu (Isithombe 4). Lokhu kuncipha kwabonakala kakhulu kuzinhlobo ze-Summer Green kanye no-20252, kuyilapho i-Marketmore kanye ne-Green Long zigcine inani lezithelo eliphezulu kanye nesisindo ngemva kwenselele kasawoti. Ukusetshenziswa kwamaqabunga e-triacontanol kunciphisa imiphumela emibi yokucindezeleka kukasawoti kanye nenani lezithelo elikhuphukile kanye nesisindo kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-genotype ezihlolwe. Kodwa-ke, i-Marketmore ephathwe nge-triacontanol ikhiqize inani lezithelo eliphakeme kakhulu elinesisindo esiphezulu esimaphakathi ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezelekile nezilawulwayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezitshalo ezingaphathwanga. I-Summer Green kanye no-20252 babenokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-solid encibilikayo ezithelweni ze-cucumber futhi basebenze kabi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ze-Marketmore kanye ne-Green Long, ezazinezinga eliphansi kakhulu le-solid encibilikayo.
Umphumela we-triacontanol ekukhiqizeni izinhlobo ezine ze-cucumber genotypes ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile kanye nokucindezeleka kosawoti.
Ukuhlushwa okuhle kakhulu kwe-triacontanol kwakungu-0.8 mg/l, okwavumela ukunciphisa imiphumela ebulalayo yezinhlobo ze-genotype ezifundwe ngaphansi kokucindezeleka kosawoti kanye nezimo ezingezona ezokucindezeleka. Kodwa-ke, umphumela we-triacontanol ku-Green-Long kanye ne-Marketmore wawusobala kakhulu. Uma sicabangela amandla okubekezelela usawoti alezi zinhlobo ze-genotype kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-triacontanol ekunciphiseni imiphumela yokucindezeleka kosawoti, kungenzeka ukuncoma ukutshala lezi zinhlobo ze-genotype enhlabathini enosawoti ngokufutha nge-triacontanol ngamahlamvu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-27-2024