Ukushisa okuqhubekayo eMichigan njengamanje akukaze kubonwe ngaphambili futhi kubambe abaningi ngokumangala mayelana nokuthi ama-apula akhula ngokushesha kangakanani. Njengoba kubikezelwe izimvula ngoLwesihlanu, ngoMashi 23, nangesonto elizayo,kubalulekile ukuthi izitshalo ezingenwa wutwayi zivikeleke kulesi sigameko esilindelwe ekuqaleni kokutheleleka ngotwayi..
Ekuqaleni kwesizini ka-2010 (okungakabi khona njengalokhu esiyikho manje), isikhunta sotwayi sasingemuva kancane kwezihlahla zama-apula ngenxa yokuthi sibe nesikhathi eside sokumboza iqhwa esiholela enkathini egcina ukhunta ekhona emaqabunga ebusika ebanda. Ukuntuleka kwekhava yeqhwa kule "ntwasahlobo" ka-2012 kanye nokuntuleka kwamazinga okushisa angempela ngesikhathi sasebusika kusikisela ukuthi i-scab fungus isilungele ukuhamba manje.
Ama-apula eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Michigan aseqeqebeni eliqinile futhi aku-0.5-intshi eluhlaza okotshani ku-Ridge. Ukuvikela izihlahla ngalesi sikhathi sokukhula ngokushesha kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ubhubhane lotwayi lwama-apula. Cishe sizoba ne-spore load ephezulu kulesi sikhathi sokuqala sokutheleleka ngotwayi. Nakuba lingekho inani elikhulu lezicubu eziluhlaza ezikhona, izifo zotwayi endaweni eluhlaza zingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kwezomnotho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izilonda zoqweqwe eziqalwa eduze kwesihloko esiluhlaza ngokuvamile zizokhiqiza i-conidia phakathi kokuwa okubomvana nokuwa kwe-petal, isikhathi esivamile lapho ama-ascospores ayisisekelo esemanani aphezulu kakhulu. Kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukulawula utwayi ngaphansi komfutho ophakeme we-inoculum kanye nokukhula kwesihlahla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho ukukhula okusheshayo kubangela izicubu ezingavikelekile phakathi kokufakwa kwesibulala-sikhunta.
Ama-fungicides angcono kakhulu atholakalayo ekulawuleni utwayi ngalesi sikhathi sesizini yokuqala yizivikeli ezibanzi: i-Captan kanye ne-EBDCs. Cishe sekwephuze kakhulu ngethusi (bheka isihloko esandulele, “Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-copper lwesizini yokuqala luzosiza ukugwema ukuzwa 'ukukhathazeka' ngezifo”). Futhi, kushisa kakhulu kuma-anilinopyrimidines (i-Scala ne-Vangard) asebenza kangcono emazingeni okushisa apholile (aphezulu kuma-60s aphansi nangaphansi). Ingxube yethangi ye-Captan (3 lbs/A Captan 50W) kanye ne-EBDC (3 lbs) iyinhlanganisela ehle kakhulu yokulawula utwayi. Le nhlanganisela ye-effica ithatha inzuzo kokubili kokusebenza kokulawula utwayi kanye ne-supercy. Ukusatshalaliswa kabusha kwe-EBDCs Izikhawu zokufutha zidinga ukuba ziqine kunokujwayelekile ngenxa yenani lokukhula okusha Futhi, qaphela nge-Captan, njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-Captan ngamafutha noma amanye ama-fertilizer angaholela ku-phytotoxicity.
Sizwa ukukhathazeka okukhulu (okugunyazwe ngokugcwele) mayelana nethemba lesivuno sika-2012. Asikwazi ukubikezela isimo sezulu, kodwa ukulawula utwayi kusenesikhathi kubalulekile. Uma sivumela utwayi lubambe kusenesikhathi, futhi sibe nesivuno, ukhunta luzothola isivuno ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Utwayi lungenye yezinto esingakwazi ukuyilawula kule sizini yokuqala – asikwenze!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-30-2021