Izibulala-zinambuzane ezinamagciwane zibhekisela ezibulala-zinambuzane ezitholakala kubhayoloji ezisebenzisa amagciwane, isikhunta, amagciwane, i-protozoa, noma izidalwa ezincane eziguqulwe ngofuzo njengezithako ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela nokulawula izinto eziyingozi njengezifo, izinambuzane, utshani namagundane. Lolu hlobo lwesibulala-zinambuzane lunamandla okukhetha, luphephile kubantu, imfuyo, izitshalo, nendawo ezungezile, alizilimazi izitha zemvelo, futhi alijwayele ukumelana.
Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezincane kuzofeza ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo okusezingeni eliphezulu nokuphephile, kuthuthukise inani lezomnotho elengeziwe lemikhiqizo yezolimo, kwandise imakethe yokuthekelisa yemikhiqizo yezolimo yaseShayina kanye ne-sideline, futhi kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni eziluhlaza. Izibulala-zinambuzane ezincane, njengenye yezinto ezidingekayo zokukhiqiza imikhiqizo yezolimo engangcolisi, izoba nemakethe enkulu yokuvimbela izifo nokulawula izinambuzane esikhathini esizayo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuqhubekisela phambili ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, kanye nokukhuthazwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ukunciphisa izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane emikhiqizweni yezolimo kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo yezolimo, ukufeza ukulawulwa okusimeme kwezifo ezinkulu zezitshalo nezinambuzane, kanye nokuhlangabezana nesidingo esibalulekile sobuchwepheshe bezolimo ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo yezolimo engangcoliswanga e-China, kuzozuzisa kakhulu kwezomnotho, kanye nokukhiqiza.
Isiqondiso sokuthuthukisa:
1. Umhlabathi wokulawula izifo nokulawula izinambuzane
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe kufanele lwenziwe enhlabathini ecindezela izifo nezinambuzane. Lo mhlabathi onokuphikelela kwe-microbial uvimbela amagciwane e-pathogenic ukuthi asinde kanye nezinambuzane ekulimazeni.
2. Ukulawula ukhula ngokwezinto eziphilayo
Ukulawulwa kwebhayoloji yokhula ukusetshenziswa kwezilwane ezidla uhlaza noma isitshalo se-pathogenic microorganisms ezinohlu oluthize lokusingatha ukhula oluthinta ubungqabavu bomnotho bomuntu obungaphansi komkhawulo wokulimala kwezomnotho.Uma kuqhathaniswa nokulawula ukhula ngamakhemikhali, ukulawulwa kokhula lwebhayoloji kunezinzuzo zokungangcolisi imvelo, akukho monakalo wezidakamizwa, kanye nezinzuzo eziphezulu zezomnotho. Kwesinye isikhathi ukwethulwa ngempumelelo kwezitha zemvelo kungaxazulula inkinga yokulimala kotshani unomphela.
3. Ama-microorganisms akhiwe ngofuzo
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo lwama-microorganisms akhiwe ngofuzo belusebenza kakhulu, futhi lungene esigabeni esisebenzayo ngaphambi kwezitshalo ezakhiwe ngofuzo zokumelana nezifo kanye nezinambuzane. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kubonisa amandla amakhulu e-biotechnology okuthuthukisa izakhi zofuzo zokulawula izinambuzane ezincane futhi kubeka isisekelo socwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa kwesizukulwane esisha sezibulala-zinambuzane ezincane.
4. Izifo eziguquliwe kanye nezitshalo ezimelana nezinambuzane
Izifo ezishintshashintshayo nezitshalo ezimelana nezinambuzane ziye zavula izindlela ezintsha zokulawula izinambuzane. Ngo-1985, ososayensi baseMelika bethula isakhi sofuzo se-coat protein (cp) segciwane le-mosaic kagwayi kugwayi othintekayo, futhi izitshalo ezishintshashintshayo zathuthukisa ukumelana kwazo negciwane.Le ndlela yokuthola ukumelana nezifo ngokudlulisela isakhi sofuzo se-CP kamuva yazuza impumelelo ezitshalweni eziningi ezifana notamatisi, amazambane, ubhontshisi wesoya, nelayisi. Kungabonakala ukuthi lolu ucwaningo oluthembisayo lwe-bioengineering.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-21-2023