I-salicylic acid idlala indima eminingi kwezolimo, okuhlanganisa nokuba ngumlawuli wokukhula kwezitshalo, umuthi wokubulala izinambuzane, kanye nomuthi wokubulala izinambuzane.
I-salicylic acid, njengeumlawuli wokukhula kwezitshalo,idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwezitshalo nokwandisa isivuno sezitshalo. Ingathuthukisa ukwakheka kwama-hormone ezitshalweni, isheshise ukukhula kwawo kanye nokwehluka kwawo, futhi isize izitshalo ukuthi zivumelane nezinguquko zemvelo. I-salicylic acid ingavimbela ngempumelelo ukwanda kweziqongo zezitshalo, yenze izitshalo ziqine futhi inciphise ukuvela kwezifo nezinambuzane. Ngaphandle kokuba ngumlawuli wokukhula kwezitshalo, i-salicylic acid ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesibulala-zinambuzane. Emkhakheni wezolimo, izibonelo ezivamile zifaka i-acetylsalicylic acid kanye ne-sodium salicylate. Lawa makhemikhali angabulala ngempumelelo izinambuzane nezifo ezidla izitshalo, avikele ukukhula kwezitshalo. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, i-salicylic acid nayo iyisidakamizwa esivamile sokulwa nokutheleleka. Emkhakheni wezolimo, i-salicylic acid isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo ezilwaneni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-salicylic acid ingathuthukisa ukumelana nezifo kanye nesikhathi sokugcina imikhiqizo yezolimo.
I-Salicylic Acid (efingqiwe njenge-SA) akuyona i-pesticide yendabuko (njenge-insecticide, i-fungicide, noma i-herbicide) kwezolimo. Kodwa-ke, idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu endleleni yokuzivikela kwezitshalo kanye nokulawulwa kokumelana nokucindezeleka. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-salicylic acid iye yafundwa kabanzi futhi yasetshenziswa kwezolimo njengesikhuthazi sokuzivikela kwezitshalo noma isikhuthazi sezinto eziphilayo, futhi inemisebenzi eyinhloko elandelayo:
1. Ukusebenza kokumelana okutholakale ohlelweni lwezitshalo (i-SAR)
I-salicylic acid iyi-molecule eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ezitshalweni, eqoqana ngokushesha ngemva kokutheleleka yi-pathogen.
Kungavuselela ukumelana okutholakala ohlelweni (i-SAR), okubangela ukuthi sonke isitshalo sibe nokumelana okubanzi ngokumelene namagciwane ahlukahlukene (ikakhulukazi isikhunta, amabhaktheriya, kanye namagciwane).
2. Thuthukisa ukubekezelela kwezitshalo ukucindezeleka okungeyona into yemvelo
I-salicylic acid ingathuthukisa ukubekezelela kwezitshalo ukucindezeleka okungezona okwezinto eziphilayo njengesomiso, usawoti, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kanye nokungcola kwensimbi esindayo.
Izindlela zifaka: ukulawula umsebenzi wama-enzyme e-antioxidant (njenge-SOD, i-POD, i-CAT), ukugcina ukuqina kwama-membranes esisele, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuqongelela kwezinto ezilawula i-osmotic (njenge-proline, ushukela oncibilikayo), njll.
3. Ukulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo kanye nentuthuko yazo
Ukugxila okuphansi kwe-salicylic acid kungakhuthaza ukuhluma kwembewu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande kanye ne-photosynthesis.
Nokho, amazinga aphezulu angavimbela ukukhula, okubonisa "umphumela we-biphasic we-hormone" (umphumela we-hormesis).
4. Njengengxenye yesu lokulawula okuluhlaza
Nakuba i-salicylic acid ngokwayo ingenalo ikhono lokubulala ngqo amabhaktheriya abangela izifo, inganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ngokubangela uhlelo lokuzivikela lwesitshalo.
Ivame ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo (njenge-chitosan, i-jasmonic acid) ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
Amafomu esicelo angempela
Ukufutha amaqabunga: Ukuhlushwa okuvamile kungu-0.1–1.0 mM (cishe u-14–140 mg/L), okungalungiswa ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo kanye nenhloso.
Ukwelashwa kwembewu: Ukucwilisa imbewu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nezifo kanye nezinga lokuhluma.
Ukuxubana nezibulala-zinambuzane: Ukuthuthukisa ukumelana kwezitshalo ezifweni kanye nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwesibulala-zinambuzane.
Amanothi Okunakekelwa
Ukuhlushwa ngokweqile kungabangela ubuthi obuvela emvelweni (njengokusha kwamaqabunga kanye nokuvimbela ukukhula).
Umphumela uthonywa kakhulu yizimo zemvelo (izinga lokushisa, umswakama), izinhlobo zezitshalo kanye nesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
Njengamanje, i-salicylic acid ayikabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni njengesibulala-zinambuzane eShayina nakwamanye amazwe amaningi. Ivame ukusetshenziswa njengomlawuli wokukhula kwezitshalo noma isikhuthazi sezinto eziphilayo.
Isifinyezo
Inani eliyinhloko le-salicylic acid kwezolimo lisekuvikeleni izitshalo ngezitshalo - ngokusebenzisa amasosha omzimba ezitshalo ukuze amelane nezifo nezimo ezimbi. Kuyisithako esisebenzayo esivumelana nemibono yezolimo eziluhlaza kanye nentuthuko esimeme. Nakuba kungeyona isibulala-zinambuzane sendabuko, sinamandla amakhulu ekuphathweni kwezinambuzane okuhlanganisiwe (IPM).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-13-2025