Enkambisweni yokutshala utamatisi, sivame ukubhekana nesimo sezinga eliphansi lokubeka izithelo kanye nokungabi nazithelo, kulokhu, akudingeki sikhathazeke ngakho, futhi singasebenzisa inani elifanele labalawuli bokukhula kwezitshalo ukuxazulula lolu chungechunge lwezinkinga.
1. I-Ethephon
Enye iwukubamba ubuze. Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, umswakama ophezulu kanye nokufakwa kwezitshalo endaweni epholile noma ukwakheka kwazo ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo, ukukhula kwezithombo kungalawulwa ngama-300mg/kg amaqabunga e-ethethylene spray lapho amaqabunga amathathu, isikhungo esisodwa kanye namaqabunga eqiniso ama-5, ukuze izithombo ziqine, amaqabunga abe makhulu, iziqu ziqine, izimpande zikhule, ukumelana nokucindezeleka kukhuliswe, futhi isivuno sokuqala sande. Ukuhlushwa akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu noma kube phansi kakhulu.
Okwesibili ukuvuthwa, kunezindlela ezintathu:
(1) Ukwembozwa kwe-peduncle: Uma isithelo simhlophe futhi sivuthiwe, kufakwa i-ethephon engu-300mg/kg ku-inflorescence yengxenye yesibili ye-peduncle, futhi ingaba bomvu futhi ivuthwe izinsuku ezingu-3 ~ 5.
(2) Ukwembozwa kwezithelo: 400mg/kg ye-ethephon ifakwa ema-sepal kanye nasebusweni bezithelo obuseduze bembali yezithelo ezimhlophe ezivuthiwe, kanti ukuvuthwa okubomvu kungaphambi kwezinsuku eziyi-6-8.
(3) Ukukhuhla izithelo: Izithelo zesikhathi sokuguqulwa kombala ziqoqwa futhi zicwiliswe kusisombululo se-ethethylene esingu-2000-3000mg/kg imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-30, bese zikhishwa zibekwe ku-25 ° C bese umswakama womoya ungaba ngu-80% kuya ku-85% ukuze zivuthwe, futhi zingaba bomvu ngemva kwezinsuku ezi-4 kuya kweziyi-6, futhi kufanele zibhalwe ngesikhathi, kodwa izithelo ezivuthwe azikhanyi njengalezo ezisesitshalweni.
2.I-asidi ye-gibberellic
Kungakhuthaza ukuvela kwezithelo. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza, izimbali ezifafazwayo eziyi-10 ~ 50mg/kg noma izimbali ezicwilisiwe kanye, kungavikela izimbali nezithelo, kukhuthaze ukukhula kwezithelo, kuvikele izithelo.
3. I-Polybulobuzole
Kungavimbela ukungasebenzi kahle. Ukufutha i-polybulobulozole engu-150mg/kg ezitshalweni zikatamatisi ezinesigaba eside esingenazo izitshalo kungalawula ukukhula okungazali, kukhuthaze ukukhula kokuzala, kube lula ukuqhakaza nokutshala izithelo, kuthuthukise usuku lokuvuna, kwandise isivuno sokuqala kanye nomkhiqizo ophelele, futhi kunciphise kakhulu ukwanda kanye nenkomba yesifo sezifo zokuqala kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Utamatisi okhula ngokungenamkhawulo welashwa nge-polybulobulozole isikhathi esifushane sokuvinjelwa futhi ungaqhubeka nokukhula ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala, okwakusiza ekuqiniseni isiqu kanye nokumelana nezifo.
Uma kudingeka, ukulawulwa okuphuthumayo kungenziwa esithonjeni sikatamatisi sasentwasahlobo, lapho izithombo sezivele zavela futhi izithombo kufanele zilawulwe, u-40mg/kg ufanele, futhi ukuhlushwa kungandiswa ngokufanele, kanti u-75mg/kg ufanele. Isikhathi esisebenzayo sokuvimbela i-polybulobuzole ekuhlushweni okuthile cishe singamasonto amathathu. Uma ukulawulwa kwezithombo kungaphezu kwamandla, i-100mg/kg ye-gibberellic acid ingafuthwa phezu kweqabunga bese kungezwa umanyolo we-nitrogen ukuze kuncishiswe.
Kungavimbela ize. Enqubweni yokutshala izithombo zikatamatisi, ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokushisa kwangaphandle okuphezulu kakhulu, umanyolo omningi kakhulu, ukuminyana okuphezulu kakhulu, ukukhula okusheshayo kakhulu kanye nezinye izizathu ezibangelwa izithombo, ngaphezu kokutshala izithombo ezihlukene, ukulawula ukuchelela, ukuqinisa umoya, kungaba amaqabunga ama-3 ~ 4 ezinsukwini ezi-7 ngaphambi kokutshala, kanye nokunisela inhlabathi yemifino okufushane okungu-250 ~ 500mg/kg, ukuvimbela ukukhula.
Isithombo esincane, esingabandi kangako, singafuthwa, sifinyelele eqabungeni lesithombo kanye nobuso besiqu sifana ngokuphelele simbozwe ngamaconsi amancane ngaphandle kwezinga lokugeleza; Uma izithombo zikhulu futhi izinga lokubandi lisinda, zingafuthwa noma zithululwe.
Ngokuvamile 18 ~ 25℃, khetha izinsuku zakuqala, zephuzile noma ezinamafu ongazisebenzisa. Ngemva kokufaka, umoya kufanele ungangeni, umbhede obandayo kufanele umbozwe ngohlaka lwefasitela, i-greenhouse kumele ivalwe eshedini noma ivale iminyango namafasitela, ithuthukise izinga lokushisa lomoya futhi ikhuthaze ukumuncwa komuthi owuketshezi. Unganiseli zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-1 ngemuva kokufaka ukuze ugweme ukunciphisa ukusebenza kahle.
Ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa emini, futhi umphumela uqala izinsuku eziyi-10 ngemva kokufutha, futhi umphumela ungagcinwa izinsuku ezingama-20-30. Uma izithombo zingabonakali zingenalutho, kungcono ukungaliphathi irayisi elifushane, noma ngabe izithombo zikatamatisi zinde, inani lezikhathi zokusebenzisa irayisi elifushane akufanele libe liningi kakhulu, kungabi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili kufanelekile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-10-2024