I-Imidacloprid Yezibulala-zinambuzane Ezisezingeni Eliphezulu Ethengiswa Kakhulu Esitokweni

I-Imidacloprid iyi-insecticide esebenza kahle kakhulu ewela ngaphansi kwesigaba samakhemikhali e-neonicotinoid. Yaqala ukwethulwa emakethe ngawo-1990 futhi kusukela lapho isibe ukukhetha okuthandwayo phakathi kwabalimi, abalimi, kanye nochwepheshe bokulawula izinambuzane. I-Imidacloprid yaziwa ngomsebenzi wayo obanzi, imiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside, kanye nobuthi obuphansi ezincelisayo, okwenza ibe yisisombululo esifanele sokulwa nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene.

Ukusetshenziswa

I-Imidacloprid isetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula nokuqeda izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Ingasetshenziswa ezitshalweni zezolimo, ezitshalweni zokuhlobisa, otshanini botshani, ngisho nasezindaweni zokuhlala. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zesistimu, lesi sinambuzane simuncwa kalula yizitshalo futhi sisakazwe kulo lonke uhlelo lwazo lwemithambo yegazi. Ngenxa yalokho, izinambuzane ezidla izitshalo eziphathwe kahle zigwinya ikhemikhali futhi ziqedwa ngempumelelo.

Isicelo

I-Imidacloprid ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka kanye nezinambuzane eziqondiwe. Izindlela ezivame kakhulu zokusebenzisa zifaka phakathi ukufutha ngamahlamvu, ukumanzisa inhlabathi, kanye nokwelashwa ngembewu.

Ukufutha ngamahlamvu kuhilela ukuxubha i-imidacloprid egxilile ngamanzi bese uyisebenzisa kusetshenziswa i-sprayer ephathwayo noma i-backpacker. Le ndlela ifanele ukulawula izinambuzane ezikhona emaqabunga naseziqwini zezitshalo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukumbozwa okuphelele, kugxilwe kokubili phezulu nangaphansi kwamahlamvu ukuze kusebenze kahle kakhulu.

Ukucwilisa inhlabathi kuyindlela ethandwayo yokwelapha izitshalo ezithintekile yizinambuzane ezihlala ngaphansi komhlaba, njengezinambuzane ezihlala ngaphansi komhlaba, ama-aphid, kanye nezintuthwane. Isixazululo se-imidacloprid sithelwa ngqo enhlabathini ezungeze isisekelo sesitshalo, okuvumela izimpande ukuthi zimunce ikhemikhali. Kunconywa ukulandela umthamo onconywayo kanye nemvamisa yokuvimbela ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile.

Ukwelashwa ngembewu kuhilela ukumboza imbewu nge-imidacloprid ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Le ndlela ayivikeli nje kuphela izithombo ezisafufusa ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane kwasekuqaleni kodwa futhi ivimbela izinambuzane ekusakazeni izifo. Ukwelashwa ngembewu kunikeza isivikelo sesikhathi eside futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa emisebenzini emikhulu yezolimo.

Izinyathelo zokuzivikela

Nakuba i-imidacloprid ibhekwa kabanzi njengesibulala-zinambuzane esiphephile, kubalulekile ukulandela iziqondiso ezinconywayo kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze kuncishiswe noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona.

1. Imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (i-PPE): Uma uphatha i-imidacloprid concentrate noma ngesikhathi sokufutha, kubalulekile ukugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, okuhlanganisa amagilavu, izibuko, kanye nemaski yokuphefumula ukuze ugweme ukuthintana ngqo noma ukuphefumula.

2. Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe emvelweni: I-Imidacloprid ihlotshaniswa nemiphumela emibi ezithutheni zempova njengezinyosi nezinye izinambuzane ezizuzisayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isibulala-zinambuzane ngokuqapha, ukugwema ukukhukhuleka ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo noma ezindaweni lapho izinyosi zifuna khona ukudla.

3. Ukugcinwa kanye nokulahla okufanele: I-Imidacloprid kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo. Noma yimuphi umkhiqizo ongasetshenziswanga noma ophelelwe yisikhathi kufanele ulahlwe ngokwemithetho yendawo. Gwema ukuhlanza izitsha ze-imidacloprid ngqo emanzini ukuze uvimbele ukungcoliswa kwamanzi.

4. Izindawo zokuvikela amanzi: Uma usebenzisa i-imidacloprid eduze kwemithombo yamanzi noma izindawo ezibucayi, kuyalulekwa ukugcina indawo yokuvikela amanzi ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokugeleza kwamanzi kanye nemiphumela engaba khona emvelweni.