Isingeniso:
ISIQINISEKISO SE-BIOLOGICALiyisixazululo soguquko esingagcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ukulawula okuphumelelayo kwezinambuzane kodwa futhi esinciphisa umthelela omubi endaweni ezungezile.Le ndlela ethuthukisiwe yokulawula izinambuzane ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zemvelo ezitholakala ezintweni eziphilayo njengezitshalo, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta.Kulesi sihloko esibanzi, sizohlola ukusetshenziswa okujulile, izinzuzo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kweizibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo, enikeza ukuqonda okuningiliziwe kwalokhu okuhlukile kwe-eco-friendly.
1. Ukuqonda Izibulala-zinambuzane Zebhayoloji:
1.1 Incazelo: Izibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-biopesticides, ziyizinto ezitholakala ezintweni eziphilayo noma emikhiqizweni yazo, eziqondise ezinambuzaneni kuyilapho zibeka ubungozi obuncane emvelweni nasezintweni ezingahlosiwe.
1.2 Ukuhlukahluka Kokusetshenziswa: Izibulala-zinambuzane zebhayoloji zithola ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezolimo, ezamasiko nezasekhaya.Bangakwazi ukulwa nezinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane, ezihlanganisa izinambuzane, ukhula, isikhunta, nezifo zezitshalo.
1.3 Izingxenye Ezibalulekile: Izakhi eziyinhloko zezibulala-zinambuzane zebhayoloji zihlanganisa ama-microbial agents (amagciwane, amagciwane, nesikhunta), amakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo (ama-pheromones kanye nezinto ezikhishwe ezitshalweni), kanye nama-macroorganisms (izilwane ezizidlayo kanye nama-parasitoid).
2. Izinzuzo zezibulala-zinambuzane ze-Biological:
2.1 Umthelela Owehlisiwe Wendawo Ezungezile: Ngokungafani nezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ezivamile, ezinye izindlela zebhayoloji zivame ukuba nemiphumela emincane eyinsalela, zinciphisa ingozi yokungcoliswa kwamanzi, inhlabathi, nomoya.Ngaphezu kwalokho, azilimazi izinambuzane, izinyoni, noma izilwane ezizuzisayo, ezilondoloza izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
2.2 Ukucaciswa Okuthuthukisiwe Okuhlosiwe: Izibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo zibonisa isenzo esikhethekile ezinambuzaneni eziqondiwe, ezinciphisa ingcuphe yokulimaza izinto eziphilayo ezizuzisayo.Lokhu kucaciswa kuqinisekisa ukuthi izidalwa ezingahlosiwe ezibalulekile ekulinganiseni kwe-ecosystem zihlala zingalimele.
2.3 Ukuthuthukiswa Kokumelana Okuncane: Izinambuzane zivame ukukhula ukumelana nezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuzenza zingasebenzi kahle.Ngokuphambene, izibulala-zinambuzane zebhayoloji zisebenzisa izindlela ezihlukene zokwenza, okwenza kube nzima ngezinambuzane ukuthi zikwazi ukumelana nazo.
3. Izinhlobo zezibulala-zinambuzane ze-Biological:
3.1 Izibulala-zinambuzane Ezincane: Lezi zisebenzisa amagciwane afana namagciwane, amagciwane, kanye nesikhunta ekukhiqizeni.I-Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) iyisibulala-zinambuzane esisetshenziswa kakhulu esisebenza ngokumelene nohlu lwezinambuzane.
3.2 Izibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo: Zisuselwa emithonjeni yemvelo njengezitshalo, izibulala-zinambuzane ze-biochemical zihlanganisa ama-pheromone, okukhishwe kwezitshalo, ama-enzyme, noma amahomoni ezinambuzane.Lokhu kuphazamisa ukuziphatha kwezinambuzane, amaphethini okukhwelana, noma ukukhula.
3.3 Izibulala-zinambuzane Eziyi-Macrobial: Kusetshenziswa izidalwa ezinkulu ezinjengezinambuzane ezidla ezinye, ama-nematodes, noma ama-parasitoids, lezi zitha ezenzakalweni zezinambuzane zisiza ukugcina ibhalansi yemvelo ngokukhomba izinambuzane ezithile.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kweAma-Biological Pesticides:
4.1 Umkhakha Wezolimo: Izibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo zidlala indima ebalulekile ezenzweni zezolimo ezisimeme njengoba zineqhaza ezinhlelweni ezididiyelwe zokulawulwa kwezinambuzane (IPM).Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kunganciphisa ukuthembela kuzibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali futhi kukhuthaze impilo yemvelo yesikhathi eside.
4.2 Ukulima Kwezitshalo Nokutshala Engadini: Ama-agent alawula izinto eziphilayo alwa ngokuphumelelayo nezinambuzane ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, nasezingadini zangaphandle, elondoloza impilo yezitshalo kanye nokunciphisa izinsalela zamakhemikhali emikhiqizweni.
4.3 Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Zasekhaya: Ezindlini nasezindaweni zokuhlala, izibulala-zinambuzane zebhayoloji zingalawula ngokuphephile izinambuzane ezinjengezintuthwane, omiyane, nezimpukane ngaphandle kokubeka ubungozi bezempilo kubahlali, ezifuyweni ezifuywayo, nendawo ezungezile.
5. Ukukhuthaza Ukutholwa Kwezibulala-zinambuzane:
5.1 Ucwaningo Nokuthuthukiswa: Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nohlu lwezinketho zezibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo.Ohulumeni nezinhlangano kufanele babele izinsiza zokusekela intuthuko yesayensi kulo mkhakha.
5.2 Ukuqwashisa umphakathi: Ukufundisa abalimi, abalimi, kanye nomphakathi jikelele mayelana nezinzuzo kanye nokusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele kwezibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo kubalulekile.Ukugqamisa izindaba zempumelelo kanye nezifundo eziyizimo kuzosiza ukukhuthaza ukwanda kokwamukelwa kwale ndlela esimeme.
5.3 Ukwesekwa Kokulawula: Ohulumeni kufanele basungule imithethonqubo ecacile nezinqubo zokunikeza izitifiketi zezibulala-zinambuzane zebhayoloji ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi, ukuphepha nokusebenza ngempumelelo.Lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwezentengiselwano nokutholakala kwemikhiqizo ethembekile yokulawula izinambuzane zebhayoloji.
Isiphetho:
Izibulala-zinambuzane zebhayoloji zinikeza indlela ejulile neqhubekayo yokulawula izinambuzane, ihlinzeka ngokulawula okuphumelelayo kuyilapho inciphisa izingozi zemvelo.Ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuhlukahlukene, umthelela oncishisiwe ezintweni ezingahlosiwe, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokumelana okulinganiselwe kuzenza ithuluzi elibalulekile kwezolimo, ukulima, kanye nezilungiselelo zasekhaya.Ngokuphromotha ucwaningo, ukuqwashisa, nokwesekwa kokulawula, singakhuthaza ukwamukelwa okubanzi kwezibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo, siqaphela amandla azo amakhulu okudala ukulingana phakathi kwemisebenzi yabantu nemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-24-2023