Ngawo-1980, abalimi baseScotland baqala ukusetshenziswa kwe-i-glyphosateizifutho ngaphambi kokuvuna ukolweni. Ngenxa yokuthi izigodi ezimanzi zenza kube nzima ukomisa izitshalo ngokulinganayo, bathuthukise indlela yokubulala ukhula isonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili ngaphambi kokuvuna ukuze kusheshiswe inqubo yokomisa.
I-Glyphosate yayiyi-herbicide entsha yesikhathi sayo; yabulala zonke izitshalo ngaphandle kokulimaza izilwane, okwenza yaba yindawo efanele lo msebenzi. Lo mkhuba washeshe wasakazeka ezindaweni zezolimo ezimanzi nezibandayo emhlabeni jikelele.
Eminyakeni engamashumi amane kamuva, izinkulungwane zamathani e-glyphosate zisasetshenziswa minyaka yonke ezindaweni zasemapulazini, ezindaweni eziluhlaza zikamasipala, kanye nasezingadini zasekhaya e-UK. Kodwa-ke, ukuphepha kwalesi sibulali-khula kuyimpikiswano enkulu, futhi njengoba ilayisensi yaso ihlelelwe ukuphelelwa yisikhathi ngoDisemba, kunezikhalo zokuvinjelwa noma imikhawulo eqinile ekusetshenzisweni kwaso.
Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kahulumeni kukhombisa ukuthi abalimi bafafaze amathani angaphezu kuka-2,200 e-glyphosate ngo-2024, kanti ngaphezu kwengxenye yalelo nani lasetshenziswa kukolweni nakwezinye izitshalo zokusanhlamvu.
Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwale khemikhali kukhuphuke ngokuphindwe kayishumi eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kusalokhu kuphezulu ngisho nangemva kokuba i-World Health Organization iyibeke esigabeni esithi “kungenzeka ibangele umdlavuza kubantu” ngo-2015. I-Bayer igcizelela ukuthi ukubulala ukhula kwayo akubangeli umdlavuza.
"Ukuthembela kwe-UK ku-glyphosate akulawuleki," kusho uNick Mole we-Pesticide Action Network UK, eyaqhuba lolu hlaziyo. "Siyazi ukuthi i-glyphosate ihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza ohlukahlukene nezinye izifo ezisongela ukuphila. Iphinde ilimaze imvelo, ingcolise amanzi, futhi ilimaze izilwane zasendle."
"Uhulumeni udinga ukuzibophezela ngokuphuthumayo ekuqedeni nasekuvimbeleni ukusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate ekugcineni, kanye nokusekela abalimi kanye nemikhandlu yendawo ukuthi basebenzise ezinye izindlela eziphephile nezisimeme."
I-Glyphosate iyi-herbicide ene-spectrum ebanzi, okusho ukuthi ingabulala zonke izinhlobo zokhula, okuhlanganisa utshani nokhula olunamaqabunga abanzi. Lokhu kwenza kube yisikhali esinamandla kubalimi. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate e-UK kuhluke kakhulu kunalokho okwenzeka e-US. E-US, izitshalo eziguqulwe izakhi zofuzo, ngenxa yokumelana kwazo ne-glyphosate, zifuthwa kakhulu nge-glyphosate ngesikhathi sokukhula.
"E-UK, i-glyphosate isetshenziswa kakhulu ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo ukuze kubulawe noma yiluphi ukhula olukhula ensimini," kusho uHelen Metcalfe, isazi sezemvelo sezolimo eHarpenden Rotherhamstead Institute eHertfordshire.
UMetcalf uthe ukushintshela ekulimeni “okuvuselelayo” okungacekeli phansi kakhulu kuyisizathu esiyinhloko sokusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate okwandisiwe. Enye indlela ihilela ukulima umhlabathi ukuze kususwe ukhula, kodwa lokhu kulimaza nenhlabathi, “okuyilokho kanye abalimi abazama ukukuvikela,” esho. “Bazama ukuvikela inhlabathi, ukuvimbela amanzi nokuguguleka kwenhlabathi, ukwandisa i-carbon yomhlabathi, njalo njalo. Ukulima okuvuselelayo okuphumelelayo kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate.”
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okwenziwa akunazo izingozi. E-United States, iBayer inikele ngamaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingu-7.25 (amaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingu-5.4) ukuxazulula izinkulungwane zamacala athi yehlulekile ukuxwayisa abathengi ukuthi i-Roundup yayo yokubulala ukhula equkethe i-glyphosate ingabangela umdlavuza. EFrance, uhulumeni wavuma ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo sikaParkinson ne-glyphosate futhi wakhokhela abalimi.
“Ngokuyisisekelo, njengakwezinye izinto eziningi, lapho ubonakala kakhulu, kulapho ukhathazeka khona kakhulu,” kusho uWayne Carter, uprofesa ohlangene eNyuvesi yaseNottingham ofunda ngemiphumela yezinto eziphilayo yezibulala-zinambuzane. “Ukuchayeka ngokweqile kungaba yingozi, ngakho ungathola izibulala-zinambuzane ngokudla noma ngokuphefumula; kodwa futhi kudingeka uqaphele ukuthi ungafafazi izibulala-zinambuzane ngokungakhethi engadini yakho.”
Ngo-2023, i-EU yavimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate ekomiseni ngaphambi kokutshala, okubonisa ukukhathazeka ngokuqongelela kwe-glyphosate emikhiqizweni yokudla.
Okhulumela uhulumeni wase-UK ugcizelele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate kulawulwa ngokuqinile, wanezela: “Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuzovunyelwa kuphela uma kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi umuthi wokubulala izinambuzane ngeke ubangele umonakalo empilweni yabantu noma yezilwane noma ube nemiphumela engamukeleki emvelweni.”
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-13-2026
