Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokusheshisa kokukhula kwezindawo zasemadolobheni kanye nesivinini sokudluliselwa komhlaba, izisebenzi zasemaphandleni ziye zagxila emadolobheni, futhi ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kuye kwagqama kakhulu, okubangele izindleko zezisebenzi eziphakeme;kanye nenani labesifazane abasebenzayo liye lenyuka unyaka nonyaka, futhi umsebenzi onzima wendabuko Imithi ibhekene nezinselele.Ikakhulukazi ngokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kokunciphisa izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, kungathuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, kunciphise umsebenzi, futhi kuvule ithuba elihle lokuthuthukiswa kokwakheka kokulondoloza abasebenzi ngezindlela zokufaka izicelo ezilula.Amalungiselelo okusebenza okonga umsebenzi nokonga umsebenzi njengamaconsi okufafaza, ama-granules antantayo, amafutha asakaza ifilimu, ama-U granules, nama-microcapsules asephenduke isizinda socwaningo samabhizinisi emboni eminyakeni yamuva nje, avula ithuba elihle kakhulu lentuthuko.Ukuthuthuka nokusetshenziswa kwabo kuthathe ngokulandelanayo imakethe enkulu emasimini e-paddy, okuhlanganisa nezitshalo zemali, futhi amathemba abanzi kakhulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamalungiselelo okonga abasebenzi kuba ngcono
Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ubuchwepheshe bezwe lami bokwenza izibulala-zinambuzane buye bazuza intuthuko esheshayo, futhi umkhuba wokuthuthuka obheke ekubeni nobungane bemvelo uye waba sobala kakhulu;ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza, ukugxila ekuphepheni okuluhlaza, kanye nokunciphisa umthamo kanye nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kuwukuphela kwendlela yentuthuko.
Amafomu okonga abasebenzi amasu okwakhiwa alandela ithrendi.Ikakhulukazi, ucwaningo olusindisa umsebenzi ekwenziweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane lusho ukuthi abaqhubi bangonga amahora kanye nokusebenza kwabantu ekusebenzeni kokufakwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ngezindlela nezinyathelo ezahlukahlukene, okungukuthi, ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa izindlela zokonga kakhulu nezonga umsebenzi ukuze ngokushesha. futhi usebenzise ngokunembile izithako ezisebenzayo zesibulala-zinambuzane.Faka endaweni okuqondiswe kuyo izilimo.
Emazweni omhlaba, iJapan iyizwe elisathuthuka ngokushesha kwezobuchwepheshe bokonga izibulala-zinambuzane, lilandelwa yiNingizimu Korea.Ukuthuthukiswa kokwakhiwa kokulondoloza abasebenzi kudlule ezinqubweni ezintathu zocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kusuka kuma-granules kuya kuma-granules amakhulu, ukwakheka okunamandla, ukwakheka okugelezayo, bese kuya ekwakhiweni kukawoyela osakazwa ifilimu, ama-granules antantayo, nama-U granules.
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ukwakheka kwezibulala-zinambuzane nakho kuye kwathuthuka ngokushesha ezweni lami, futhi ukuthuthukiswa nobuchwepheshe bezinto ezihlobene nakho kuye kwakhuthazwa futhi kwasetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezimelelwe amasimu e-paddy.Njengamanje, ukwakheka kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezisindisa umsebenzi kuhlanganisa uwoyela osabalalisa ifilimu, ama-granules antantayo, ama-U granules, ama-microcapsules, ama-ejenti okusabalalisa amanzi, ama-effervescent agents (amaphilisi), ama-granules amakhulu, ama-granules aphezulu kakhulu, ama-ejenti okubhema, ama-bait agents, njll. .umusa.
Eminyakeni yakamuva, inani lamalungiselelo okonga abasebenzi abhalisiwe ezweni lami liye landa unyaka nonyaka.Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 26, 2021, i-China Pesticide Information Network ikhombisa ukuthi kunemikhiqizo engama-24 ebhalisiwe yama-granules amakhulu ezweni lami, imikhiqizo eyi-10 yamafutha asakazwa ngefilimu, umkhiqizo ongu-1 obhalisiwe we-ejenti yokusabalalisa amanzi, ama-agent angu-146, ama-bait agents angu-262, namaphilisi asebenzayo.imithamo eyi-17 kanye namalungiselelo we-microcapsule angama-303.
UMingde Lida, Zhongbao Lunong, Xin'an Chemical, Shaanxi Thompson, Shandong Kesaiji Nong, Chengdu Xinchaoyang, Shaanxi Xiannong, Jiangxi Zhongxun, Shandong Xianda, Hunan Dafang, Anhui Huaxing Chemical, njll. bonke bakule threkhi.umholi.
Amalungiselelo okusindisa abasebenzi asetshenziswa kakhulu emasimini e-paddy
Ukusho ukuthi amalungiselelo okusindisa abasebenzi asetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi uhlelo lobuchwepheshe luvuthiwe, kuseyinsimu ye-paddy.
Amasimu e-paddy yizitshalo ezinokusetshenziswa okuthandwa kakhulu kwamalungiselelo okonga abasebenzi ekhaya naphesheya.Ngemuva kwentuthuko eminyakeni yamuva nje, izinhlobo zemithamo yamalungiselelo okonga abasebenzi asetshenziswa emasimini e-paddy ezweni lami ikakhulukazi amafutha asakaza amafilimu, ama-granules antantayo kanye nama-granules ahlakazekile emanzini (ama-U granules).Phakathi kwazo, amafutha okusakaza ifilimu asetshenziswa kakhulu.
Amafutha okusabalalisa ifilimu ifomu lesilinganiso lapho isibulala-zinambuzane sokuqala sincibilika khona emafutheni.Ngokuqondile, amafutha akhiwa ngokungeza i-ejenti ekhethekile yokusabalalisa nokusabalalisa emafutheni avamile.Lapho isetshenziswa, iphonswa ngokuqondile ensimini yerayisi ukuze isakazeke, futhi ngemva kokusabalalisa, isakazeka emanzini ngokwawo ukuze isebenzise umphumela wayo.Njengamanje, imikhiqizo yasekhaya efana 4% thifur·azoxystrobin ifilimu osakaza amafutha, 8% thiazide ifilimu uwoyela osakaza, 1% spirulina ethanolamine usawoti ifilimu osakaza amafutha, njll, isetshenziswa ukuconsa, okuyinto elula kakhulu .Ukwakheka kwamafutha okwelula ifilimu kuhlanganisa izithako ezisebenzayo, ama-surfactants, nama-solvents kawoyela, futhi izinkomba zayo zokulawula ikhwalithi zihlanganisa okuqukethwe kwesithako esisebenzayo, ububanzi be-pH, ukungezwani kwendawo, ukungezwani kwe-equilibrium interfacial, umswakama, isivinini sokusabalalisa, indawo yokusabalalisa, ukuzinza okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa, isitoreji esishisayo.ukuzinza.
Ama-granules antantayo awuhlobo olusha lokwakhiwa kwesibulala-zinambuzane esintanta ngokuqondile phezu kwamanzi ngemva kokufakwa emanzini, sisakazeke ngokushesha kuwo wonke amanzi, bese sihlakazeka futhi sihlakazeke emanzini.Izingxenye zawo ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izithako ezisebenzayo zezibulala-zinambuzane, izigcwalisi zenkampani yenethiwekhi ezintantayo, izibophezelo, izihlakazezi ezihlakazayo, njll. Ukwakheka kwama-granules antantayo kufaka phakathi izithako ezisebenzayo, isithwali esintantayo, nesihlakazeka esihlakazekayo, futhi izinkomba zakhona zokulawula ikhwalithi zifaka ukubukeka, isikhathi sokuhlakazeka, izinga elintantayo, ukusabalalisa. ibanga, izinga lokuhlakazeka, nokuhlakazeka.
Ama-U granules akhiwe ngezithako ezisebenzayo, abathwali, izibophezelo kanye nama-ejenti ahlukanisayo.Uma isetshenziswa emasimini e-paddy, ama-granules ahlala phansi okwesikhashana, bese ama-granules aphinde avuke ukuze antante.Ekugcineni, isithako esisebenzayo siyancibilika futhi sisakazeke kuzo zonke izinhlangothi endaweni yamanzi.Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqala kwakuwukulungiswa kwe-cypermethrin yokulawula i-weevil yamanzi elayisi.Ukwakheka kwama-U granules kuhlanganisa izithako ezisebenzayo, abathwali, izibophezelo, nama-ejenti ahlukanisayo, futhi izinkomba zayo zokulawula ikhwalithi zihlanganisa ukubukeka, isikhathi sokuqala ukuntanta, isikhathi sokuqeda ukuntanta, ibanga lokusabalalisa, izinga lokuhlakazeka, nokuhlakazeka.
Ngokusho kwabangaphakathi embonini, iJapan kanye neNingizimu Korea bakhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwama-U granules kanye nezinhlamvu ezintantayo ngezinga elikhulu, kodwa kunezifundo ezimbalwa zasekhaya, futhi akukho mikhiqizo ehlobene efakiwe emakethe okwamanje.Kodwa-ke, kukholakala ukuthi kuzoba nemikhiqizo ye-granule entantayo emakethe e-China maduze nje.Ngaleso sikhathi, amanye avamile amanzi antantayo ama-granules anamandla noma imikhiqizo yethebhulethi e-effervescent izoshintshwa ngokulandelana emuthini wasensimini yerayisi, okuzovumela ukuthi kusetshenziswe imikhiqizo eminingi yasekhaya ye-rice paddy.Abalimi bayazuza endleleni abasetshenziswa ngayo.
Amalungiselelo ama-Microencapsulated aba indawo ephezulu yokuncintisana elandelayo embonini
Phakathi kwezigaba ezikhona zokulungiselela ukonga umsebenzi, amalungiselelo amancane abelokhu okugxilwe kuwo ekunakeni kwemboni eminyakeni yakamuva.
I-Pesticide microcapsule suspension (CS) ibhekisela ekwakhiweni kwesibulala-zinambuzane okusebenzisa izinto zokwenziwa noma ze-polymer zemvelo ukwakha isiqukathi esincane se-core-shell, esimboza isibulala-zinambuzane kuso, futhi sisimise emanzini.Ihlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili, igobolondo le-capsule kanye ne-capsule core, i-capsule core iyisithako esisebenzayo sezibulala-zinambuzane, futhi igobolondo le-capsule liyi-polymer eyenza ifilimu.Ubuchwepheshe be-Microencapsulation buqale ukusetshenziswa phesheya, kufaka phakathi ama-insecticide nama-fungicides, anqobe izinkinga zobuchwepheshe nezindleko, futhi athuthukiswe ngamandla e-China eminyakeni yamuva.Ngokophenyo lwe-China Pesticide Information Network, kusukela ngo-Okthoba 26, 2021, inani lemikhiqizo yokulungiswa kwe-microencapsulated ebhaliswe ezweni lami lafinyelela ku-303, futhi ukwakheka okubhalisiwe kufaka phakathi ukumiswa kwe-microcapsule okungu-245, ukumiswa kwe-microcapsule okungu-33, kanye nokumiswa kwe-microcapsule yokwelashwa kwembewu.11 granules, 8 imbewu microcapsule ukumiswa-suspension ejenti, 3 microcapsule powders, 7 microcapsule granules, 1 microcapsule, 1 microcapsule suspension-emulsion aqueous.
Kungabonakala ukuthi inani lokumiswa kwe-microcapsule elibhaliswe emalungiselelweni e-microcapsule yasekhaya likhulu kunawo wonke, futhi izinhlobo zamafomu omthamo obhalisiwe zincane uma kuqhathaniswa, ngakho-ke kunesikhala esikhulu sokuthuthukiswa.
U-Liu Runfeng, umqondisi we-R&D Center ye-Yunfa Biological Group, uthe ama-microcapsules e-pesticide, njengokwakhiwa okunobungani kwemvelo, anezinzuzo zomphumela ohlala njalo, ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.Enye yazo iyindawo yocwaningo eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi iyintaba entsha elandelayo ukuze abakhiqizi baqhudelane.Njengamanje, ucwaningo lwasekhaya lwamaphilisi lugxile kakhulu emanyuvesi nasezikhungweni zocwaningo lwesayensi, futhi ucwaningo oluyisisekelo lwethiyori luphelele.Ngenxa yokuthi kunezithiyo ezimbalwa zobuchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni amalungiselelo e-microcapsule, empeleni zingaphansi kwe-100 ezithengiswayo, futhi cishe awekho amalungiselelo e-microcapsule e-China.Imikhiqizo ye-capsule ingamabhizinisi okulungiselela izibulala-zinambuzane ezinokuncintisana okuyinhloko.
Emqhudelwaneni wamanje wezimakethe oshubile, ngaphezu kwesimo esingabhubhi sezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ezindala ezinhliziyweni zabantu baseShayina, izinkampani ezintsha ezifuywayo ezifana noMingde Lida, Hailier, Lier, kanye neGuangxi Tianyuan zithembele kwikhwalithi ukuze zinqamule ukuvinjezelwa.Phakathi kwabo, uMingde Lida wephule umbono wokuthi imikhiqizo yaseShayina ayimihle njengezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe kulo mzila.
U-Liu Runfeng wethule ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-microencapsulation buwukuncintisana okuyinhloko kwe-Mindleader.I-Mindleader ikhiqize izinhlanganisela ezifana ne-beta-cyhalothrin, i-metolachlor, i-prochloraz, ne-abamectin: Kunemikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-20 eqinisekisiwe futhi ekleliswe ukubhaliswa emikhakheni emine emikhulu: uchungechunge lwe-fungicide microcapsule, uchungechunge lwe-insecticide microcapsule, uchungechunge lwe-herbicide microcapsule, kanye nochungechunge lwe-seed coating microcapsule.Izitshalo ezihlukahlukene ziye zahlanganiswa, njengerayisi, i-citrus, imifino, ukolweni, ama-apula, ummbila, ama-apula, amagilebhisi, amantongomane, njll.
Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-microcapsule ye-Mingde Lida esohlwini noma esizofakwa ohlwini e-China ihlanganisa i-Delica® (25% beta-cyhalothrin ne-clothianidin microcapsule suspension-suspension agent), Lishan® (45% essence Metolachlor Microcapsule Suspension), I-Lizao® (30% Oxadiazone·Butachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Minggong® (30% Prochloraz Microcapsule Suspension), Jinggongfu ® (23% beta-cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension), Miaowanjin® (25% clothianidin·metalaxyl·fludiocapsuleed microcapsuleed suspension ), i-Deliang® (5 % Abamectin Microcapsule Suspension), i-Mingdaoshou® (25% Prochloraz·Blastamide Microcapsule Suspension), njll. Ngokuzayo, kuzoba nenhlanganisela emisha yokwenziwa kwenhlanganisela eyenziwe yaba ukumiswa kwe-microcapsule.Ngokufika kokubhaliswa kwamanye amazwe, imikhiqizo ye-microcapsule ye-Mingde Lida izothuthukiswa kancane kancane futhi isetshenziswe emhlabeni jikelele.
Ekhuluma ngocwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo nethrendi yokuthuthukiswa yama-microcapsules ezinambuzane ngokuzayo, u-Liu Runfeng uveze ukuthi kuzoba nezikhombisi-ndlela ezinhlanu ezilandelayo: ① ukusuka ekukhishweni okunensayo kuye ekukhishweni okulawulwayo;② izinto zodonga ezinobungani bemvelo esikhundleni sezinto zokwenziwa zodonga ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhululwa “kwamaplastiki amancane” endaweni;③ okusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwefomula yezimo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza;④ Izindlela zokulungiselela eziphephile nezinobungani nemvelo;⑤ Imibandela yokuhlola yesayensi.Ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokumiswa kwe-microcapsule kuzoba ukugxila kwamabhizinisi amelwe uMingde Lida esikhathini esizayo.
Ukufingqa, ngokuthuthukiswa okujulile kokunciphisa izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle, isidingo semakethe namandla okwakhiwa okusindisa abasebenzi kuzophinde kucutshungulwe futhi kukhululwe, futhi ikusasa lakhona ngeke likhawulelwe.Kunjalo, kuzophinde kube nezinkampani ezingcono kakhulu zamalungiselelo ezizotheleka kulo mzila, futhi umncintiswano uzoshuba kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, abantu embonini bafuna izinkampani ezibulala izibulala-zinambuzane ezifuywayo ukuthi ziqhubeke ziqinise ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kokwakhiwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, zandise ukutshalwa kwezimali kocwaningo lwesayensi, zihlole ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe ekucutshungulweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane, zikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zokonga abasebenzi, futhi zisebenze kangcono ezolimo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-05-2022