Ukukhula kwezitshaloi-retarder iyimfuneko ohlelweni lokutshala izitshalo.Ngokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo nokukhula kokuzala kwezitshalo, ikhwalithi engcono kanye nesivuno esiphezulu singatholakala.Izidakamizwa zokukhula kwezitshalo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-paclobutrazol, i-uniconazole, i-peptidomimetics, i-chlormethalin, njll. Njengohlobo olusha lwe-retardant yezitshalo, i-prohexadione calcium ithole ukunakwa okubanzi emakethe eminyakeni yamuva, futhi inani lokubhaliswa liye landa ngokushesha.Bese,paclobutrazol, i-niconazole, i-paroxamine, i-chlorhexidine, ne-prohexadione calcium, yimuphi umehluko ekusetshenzisweni kwemakethe kwale mikhiqizo?
(1) I-Prohexadione calcium: Iwuhlobo olusha lwe-retarder yokukhula kwezitshalo.
Umsebenzi ukuthi ingavimbela i-GA1 ku-gibberellin, ifinyeze ubude besiqu sezitshalo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ilawule ukukhula okunemilenze yezitshalo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ayinawo umthelela ku-GA4 elawula ukuhlukaniswa kwezimbali zezitshalo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusanhlamvu.
I-Prohexadione calcium yethulwa e-Japan ngo-1994 njenge-acyl cyclohexanedione ukukhula kwe-retardant.Ukutholakala kwe-prohexadione calcium kuhlukile kusawoti we-quaternary ammonium (ichameleon, i-mepinium), i-triazoles (i-paclobutrazol, i-alkene) Izinqamuli zokukhula kwezitshalo ezifana ne-oxazole) zenze insimu entsha yokuvinjelwa kwesigaba sekwephuzile se-gibberellin biosynthesis, futhi seyenziwe ngenjongo yokuthengisa. futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi eYurophu nase-United States.Njengamanje, i-prohexadione-calcium ikhathazeke kakhulu ngamabhizinisi asekhaya, isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-triazole retarders, i-prohexadione-calcium ayinakho ubuthi obusele ezitshalweni ezijikelezayo, akukho ukungcola kwemvelo, futhi kunenzuzo eqinile.Ngokuzayo, ingase ithathe indawo ye-triazole retardants, futhi inamathuba amaningi okusebenza emasimini, izihlahla zezithelo, izimbali, izinto zokwelapha zaseShayina kanye nezitshalo zomnotho.
(2) I-Paclobutrazol: I-inhibitor ye-plant endogenous gibberellic acid.Kunomphumela wokubambezela ukukhula kwezitshalo, ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesiqu sezitshalo, ukufinyeza ama-internode, ukukhuthaza ukulima, ukukhulisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwezitshalo, ukukhuthaza ukuhlukana kwezimbali nokwandisa isivuno.I-Paclobutrazol ifanele izitshalo ezifana nelayisi, ukolweni, amantongomane, izihlahla zezithelo, ubhontshisi wesoya, utshani, njll., futhi inomphumela ophawulekayo wokulawula ukukhula.
Imiphumela engemihle ye-paclobutrazol: Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungabangela izitshalo ezincane, izimpande ezikhubazekile nezilimo eziyizigaxa, amaqabunga asontekile, izimbali eziyisimungulu, ukuchithwa kwamaqabunga amadala ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanye namahlamvu asontekile futhi ancipha.Ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokusebenza kwe-paclobutrazol, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kuzohlala emhlabathini, futhi kuzodala i-phytotoxicity esitshalweni esilandelayo, okuholela ekungabini kwesithombo, ukuvela sekwephuzile, izinga eliphansi lokuvela kwezithombo, nokukhubazeka kwezithombo nezinye izimpawu ze-phytotoxic.
(3) I-Uniconazole: Iphinde ibe inhibitor ye-gibberellin.Inemisebenzi yokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo, ukufinyeza ama-internode, izitshalo ezimfishane, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela asemaceleni kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezimbali, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukumelana nengcindezi.Ngenxa ye-carbon double bond ye-paclobutrazol, umsebenzi wayo webhayoloji kanye nomphumela wokwelapha yizikhathi ezi-6 kuye kweziyi-10 futhi izikhathi ezi-4 kuye kweziyi-10 ziphakeme kune-paclobutrazol, ngokulandelana, futhi inani elisele enhlabathini cishe ingxenye yesine kuphela ye-paclobutrazol, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwayo Izinga lokubola liyashesha, futhi umthelela ezitshalweni ezilandelayo yi-1/5 kuphela yaleyo ye-paclobutrazol.
Imiphumela emibi ye-uniconazole: uma isetshenziswa ngemithamo eyeqile, izodala i-phytotoxicity, ibangele ukushiswa kwezitshalo, ukubuna, ukukhula okubi, ukukhubazeka kwamaqabunga, amaqabunga awayo, izimbali eziwayo, izithelo eziwayo, ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile, njll., kanye nokusetshenziswa esigabeni sezithombo zemifino. izophinde ithinte ukukhula kwezithombo , Ibuye ibe yingozi ekudobeni futhi ayifanele ukusetshenziswa emachibini ezinhlanzi nakwamanye amapulazi ezilwane zasemanzini.
(4) I-Peptidamine (i-Mepinium): I-inhibitor ye-gibberellin.Ingathuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-chlorophyll, isitshalo siqinile, singamuncwa ngamaqabunga nezimpande zesitshalo, futhi sidluliselwe kuso sonke isitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukunwetshwa kwamaseli kanye nokubusa kwe-apical, futhi kungafinyeza ama-internode futhi kwenze isitshalo. thayipha i-compact.Kungabambezela ukukhula kwesitshalo, kuvimbele ukuthi isitshalo singachumi, futhi kubambezele ukuvalwa.I-Peptamine ingathuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-membrane yamaseli futhi ikhulise ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwezitshalo.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-paclobutrazol ne-uniconazole, inezindawo zokwelapha ezithambile, akukho ukucasuka, nokuphepha okuphezulu.Ngokuyisisekelo ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izikhathi zezitshalo, ngisho nasezigabeni zezithombo nezimbali lapho izitshalo zizwela kakhulu izidakamizwa., futhi ngokuyisisekelo ayikho imiphumela emibi.
(5) I-Chlormetrodin: Ifinyelela umphumela wokulawula ukungasebenzi kahle ngokuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-gibberellin engapheli.I-Chlormetrodin inomphumela olawulayo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, ibhalansisa ukukhula kwezitshalo kanye nokukhula kokuzala, ithuthukisa ukuvuthwa kwempova kanye nezinga lokubeka izithelo, futhi ikhuphule ukulima okusebenzayo.Libazisa ukukhula kwamaseli, izitshalo ezincanyana, iziqu eziqinile, futhi ufinyeze ama-internode.
Ngokungafani ne-paclobutrazol ne-mepiperonium, i-paclobutrazol ivame ukusetshenziswa esigabeni sezithombo kanye nesiteji esisha sokuhluma, futhi inomphumela omuhle kumakinati, kodwa umphumela ezitshalweni zasekwindla nasebusika uvamile;Ezitshalweni ezimfushane, ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kwe-chlormethalin ngokuvamile kuzobangela ukuncipha kwezitshalo futhi kunzima ukuqeda ubuthi be-phytotoxic;i-mepiperinium imnene uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ingakhululeka ngokufafaza i-gibberellin noma ukuchelela ukuze kwandiswe inzalo ngemva kwe-phytotoxicity.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-19-2022