I-Florfenicoliyi-antibiotic ene-spectrum ebanzi, enomphumela omuhle wokuvimbela amabhaktheriya ane-Gram-positive kanye nama-bacteria angemihle. Ngakho-ke, amapulazi amaningi ezingulube avame ukusebenzisa i-florfenicol ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha izingulube uma kunezifo ezivamile. Abasebenzi bezilwane bamanye amapulazi ezingulube basebenzisa umthamo omkhulu we-florfenicol ukwelapha noma ukuvimbela izifo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isifo sinjani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iqembu noma isigaba sini. I-Florfenicol akuyona ikhambi, futhi idinga ukusetshenziswa ngokufanele ukuze kufezwe umphumela oyifunayo. Ngezansi sethula umqondo ojwayelekile wokusetshenziswa kwe-florfenicol ngokuningiliziwe, sinethemba lokuthi izosiza iningi labalimi bezingulube:
1. Izakhiwo zokulwa namagciwanei-florfenicol
1. Ine-spectrum ebanzi kakhulu yokulwa namagciwane, futhi inomphumela oqinile wokubulala amagciwane ane-Gram-positive kanye namagciwane angemahle, kanye namagciwane ane-Gram-positive kanye ne-spirochetes ene-anaerobic, i-rickettsia, i-amoeba, njll. Umphumela onamandla wokulwa namagciwane.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-in vitro kanye ne-in vivo kubonisa ukuthi umsebenzi wayo wokulwa namagciwane ungcono kakhulu kunemithi yamanje yokulwa namagciwane.
3. Isebenza ngokushesha, i-florfenicol ingafinyelela izinga lokwelapha egazini ihora eli-1 ngemuva kokujova nge-intramuscular, futhi izinga eliphakeme lomuthi lingafinyelelwa emahoreni angu-1.5-3; izinga lomuthi wegazi elisebenza isikhathi eside neliphumelelayo lingagcinwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-20 ngemva kokuphathwa okukodwa.
4. Ingangena phakathi kwesithiyo segazi nobuchopho, futhi umphumela wayo wokwelapha i-meningitis yebhaktheriya yezilwane awunakuqhathaniswa neminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane.
5. Ayinawo ubuthi kanye nemiphumela emibi uma isetshenziswa ngenani elinconywayo, inqoba ingozi ye-aplastic anemia kanye nobunye ubuthi obubangelwa yi-thiamphenicol, futhi ayibangeli umonakalo ezilwaneni nasekudleni. Isetshenziselwa ukutheleleka kwezingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba okubangelwa amagciwane ezilwaneni. Ukwelashwa, okuhlanganisa ukuvimbela nokwelapha izifo zokuphefumula zamagciwane, i-meningitis, i-pleurisy, i-mastitis, izifo zamathumbu kanye ne-postpartum syndrome ezingulubeni.
2. Amagciwane athintekayoi-florfenicol
1. Izifo zengulube lapho i-florfenicol ithandwa khona
Lo mkhiqizo unconywa njengomuthi okhethwayo we-pig pneumonia, i-porcine infectious pleuropneumonia kanye nesifo se-Haemophilus parasuis, ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni amagciwane amelana ne-fluoroquinolones kanye namanye ama-antibiotic.
2. I-Florfenicol ingasetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni izifo ezilandelayo zengulube
Ingasetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni izifo zokuphefumula ezibangelwa yi-Streptococcus (pneumonia) ehlukahlukene, i-Bordetella bronchiseptica (atrophic rhinitis), i-Mycoplasma pneumoniae (i-swine asthma), njll.; i-salmonellosis (i-piglet paratyphoid), i-colibacillosis (i-piglet asthma) Izifo zomgudu wokugaya ukudla ezifana ne-enteritis ebangelwa uhudo oluphuzi, uhudo olumhlophe, isifo se-piglet edema) kanye namanye amagciwane azwelayo. I-Florfenicol ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni lezi zifo zezingulube, kodwa akuyona imithi ekhethwayo yalezi zifo zezingulube, ngakho-ke kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha.
3. Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwei-florfenicol
1. Umthamo mkhulu kakhulu noma mncane kakhulu. Umthamo omkhulu unobuthi, kanti umthamo omncane awusebenzi..
2. isikhathi side kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi isikhathi eside ngemithamo ephezulu ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa.
3.ukusetshenziswa kwezinto, amaphutha esiteji. Izingulube ezikhulelwe nezikhuluphalisayo zisebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinjalo ngokungakhethi, okubangela ubuthi noma izinsalela zezidakamizwa, okuholela ekukhiqizweni nasekudleni okungaphephile.
4. Ukuhambisana okungalungile. Abanye abantu bavame ukusebenzisa i-florfenicol kanye ne-sulfonamides kanye ne-cephalosporins. Ukuthi isayensi futhi inengqondo yini kufanelekile ukuyihlola.
5. Ukudla okuxubile akuvuselelwa ngokulinganayo, okubangela ukuthi kungabi namphumela womuthi noma ubuthi bezidakamizwa.
Okwesine, ukusetshenziswa kwei-florfenicolizinyathelo zokuzivikela
1. Lo mkhiqizo akufanele usetshenziswe kanye nama-macrolides, ama-lincosamides kanye nama-antibiotic e-diterpenoid semi-synthetic – i-Tiamulin, engadala imiphumela ephikisanayo uma isetshenziswa kanyekanye..
2. Lo mkhiqizo awukwazi ukusetshenziswa kanyeβ-ama-lactone amine nama-fluoroquinolones, ngoba lo mkhiqizo uyi-ejenti ye-bacteriostatic esebenza ngokushesha evimbela ukwakheka kwamaprotheni ebhaktheriya, kanti lokhu kokugcina kuyi-bactericide esebenza ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuzala. Ngaphansi kwesenzo salokhu kokuqala, ukwakheka kwamaprotheni ebhaktheriya kuvinjelwa ngokushesha, amabhaktheriya ayayeka ukukhula nokwanda, futhi umphumela wamagciwane walokhu kokugcina uba buthaka. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukwelashwa kudinga ukuba nomphumela wokubulala inzalo ngokushesha, akunakusetshenziswa ndawonye.
3. Lo mkhiqizo awukwazi ukuhlanganiswa ne-sulfadiazine sodium ukuze kujovwe nge-intramuscular. Akufanele usetshenziswe kanye nemithi ye-alkaline lapho unikezwa ngomlomo noma nge-intramuscular, ukuze kugwenywe ukubola nokwehluleka. Futhi awufaneleki ukujova nge-intravenous nge-tetracycline hydrochloride, kanamycin, adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme A, njll., ukuze kugwenywe imvula nokwehla kokusebenza kahle.
4. Ukuwohloka kwemisipha kanye ne-necrosis kungabangelwa ngemva kokujova nge-intramuscular. Ngakho-ke, ingajovwa ngokushintshana emisipheni ejulile yentamo kanye nezinqe, futhi akukhuthazwa ukuphinda imijovo endaweni efanayo.
5. Njengoba lo mkhiqizo ungase ube nobuthi obungabangelwa umbungu, kufanele usetshenziswe ngokucophelela ezinsikazini ezikhulelwe nezincelisayo.
6. Uma izinga lokushisa lomzimba lezingulube ezigulayo liphezulu, lingasetshenziswa nemithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu elwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-dexamethasone, futhi umphumela uba ngcono..
7. Ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni i-porcine respiratory syndrome (PRDC), abanye abantu batusa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-florfenicol ne-amoxicillin, i-florfenicol ne-tylosin, kanye ne-florfenicol ne-tylosin, okungafanele. , ngoba ngokombono wezokwelapha, lokhu kokubili akukwazi ukusetshenziswa kuhlanganiswe. Kodwa-ke, i-florfenicol ingasetshenziswa kuhlanganiswe ne-tetracyclines njenge-doxycycline..
8. Lo mkhiqizo unobuthi begazi. Nakuba ungeke ubangele i-bone marrow aplastic anemia engalungiseki, ukuvinjelwa kwe-erythropoiesis okubangelwa yiwo kuvame kakhulu kune-chloramphenicol (ekhubazekile). Akuvunyelwe ukugonywa ngesikhathi sokugonywa noma ezilwaneni ezine-immune deficiency enkulu..
9. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kungabangela izinkinga zokugaya ukudla kanye nokuntuleka kwamavithamini noma izimpawu zokutheleleka ngokweqile..
10. Ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni izifo zezingulube, kufanele kuqashelwe, futhi umuthi kufanele unikezwe ngokuhambisana nomthamo onqunyiwe kanye nenkambo yokwelashwa, futhi akufanele usetshenziswe kabi ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela emibi..
11. Ezilwaneni ezinenkinga yokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso, umthamo kufanele wehliswe noma isikhathi sokuphathwa kufanele sandiswe..
12. Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi, kutholakala ukuthi izinga lokuncibilika lihamba kancane; noma isixazululo esilungisiwe sine-florfenicol, ukufudumala okuncane nje (hhayi ngaphezu kwama-degrees angu-45).℃), konke kungancibilikiswa ngokushesha. Isixazululo esilungisiwe singcono kakhulu ukusetshenziswa zingakapheli amahora angu-48..
Kuphephile kakhulu ukusebenzisa ifomu lomthamo elifanele ngokwesingeniso esingenhla bese ubheka umthamo onconywayo. Izilwane ngazinye zingase zilahlekelwe yisifiso sokudla okwesikhashana, zinciphise ukuphuza amanzi noma uhudo, ubuhlungu obuncane endaweni yokujova esicutshini kanye nokusabela okuncane kwezicubu, konke okuvamile futhi kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemva kokuyeka umuthi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-28-2022