Imisebenzi, imiphumela kanye nezindlela zokusebenzisa i-Enramycin

I-Enramyciniqashelwa njenge-hormone yesithupha enkulu yezitshalo emhlabeni jikelele. Lesi sidakamizwa asigcini nje ngokukhuthaza ukukhula, kodwa futhi sinemisebenzi yokulawula izinto ezifana ne-ethylene ne-gibberellin. Singumlawuli wokukhula kwezitshalo obanzi futhi osebenza kahle kakhulu, onemisebenzi efana nokukhuthaza ukukhula, ukukhulisa ukumelana, ukwandisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi, umphumela wokubambisana kanye nokuqeda umonakalo wezibulala-zinambuzane. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Enramycin eShayina kuhlale amashumi eminyaka ambalwa futhi kusetshenziswe kabanzi ezitshalweni eziningi ezinkulu ezifana nezitshalo ezithwala uwoyela, izihlahla zezithelo kanye nemifino.

Imisebenzi nemiphumela ye-Enramycin

I-Enramycin ingandisa okuqukethwe okuluhlaza kwamaqabunga, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-photosynthesis, futhi ilula ukuthuthwa kwemikhiqizo ye-photosynthesis ngaphakathi kwesitshalo. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ukuvikela izimbali nezithelo ngemva kokuqhakaza kwezihlahla zezithelo, kanye nokulibazisa ukuguga kwamaqabunga asebenzayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngemva kwesigaba sokugcwalisa okusanhlamvu kwezitshalo zotshani, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaze ukuthela izithelo nokwandisa isivuno.

I-Enramycin ingathuthukisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwezitshalo, ithuthukise ikhwalithi yezitshalo, yenze izithelo zifane futhi zikhanye, yandise ubumnandi, futhi isize ngokusatshalaliswa kwezakhamzimba. Iphinde ikhuthaze ukuthuthwa kwemikhiqizo ye-photosynthetic iye ezithelweni noma embewini, okuwusizo ekwandiseni isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezitshalo.

Khuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezithombo:

Isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwembewu noma ukufafaza ngesikhathi sesigaba sokutshala izithombo, inomphumela omkhulu wokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande zezitshalo ezifana nokusanhlamvu, imifino, izithelo, kanye nogwayi. Isisindo esisha sesistimu yezimpande sikhuphuka ngo-20% kuya ku-50% uma kuqhathaniswa nokulawula, kanti isisindo esomile sikhuphuka ngo-15% kuya ku-107%. Lokhu kuphumela ezimpandeni ezijulile namaqabunga aluhlaza, anezithombo ezinamandla.

Khuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwamahlumela ezimbali futhi wandise izinga lokubekwa kwezithelo:

I-Enramycin ingakhuphula izinga lokuhluma kwempova, ikhuthaze ukwanda kwamapayipi empova, ikhuthaze ukukhulelwa ezitshalweni, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuphule izinga lokuhluma nokubekwa kwezithelo. Ikakhulukazi, ingathuthukisa nezingxenye ezibuthakathaka zezitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuphule izinga lokuhluma phezulu. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezitshalo, inani nesisindo sezinhlamvu kuyanda, futhi ezitshalweni zezithelo, izithelo ziba zifanayo, zithuthukise ikhwalithi yezitshalo.

Khuthaza ukukhula futhi uthuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka:

I-Enramycin inemisebenzi emibili yokukhuthaza ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli kanye nokwandiswa kwamaseli, futhi ingakhuphula okuqukethwe yi-chlorophyll emaqabunga, ithuthukise i-photosynthesis, ikhuphule ukuqongelela kwemikhiqizo ye-photosynthesis. Ngemva kokungena esitshalweni, i-brassinolide ayigcini nje ngokuqinisa i-photosynthesis futhi ikhuthaze ukukhula nentuthuko, kodwa futhi ivikela uhlelo lwe-membrane lwamaseli ezitshalo, ivuselele umsebenzi wama-enzyme athile avikelayo esitshalweni, okunganciphisa kakhulu umonakalo emisebenzini evamile ebangelwa izinto eziyingozi (njenge-malondialdehyde) ezikhiqizwa yisitshalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi. Ngakho-ke, inomphumela omkhulu wokukhuthaza ekukhuleni kokudla okunempilo kwezitshalo futhi ingakhuphula isivuno sezitshalo.

Ukuqeda umonakalo wezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nomonakalo weqhwa:

Uma usebenzisa imithi yokubulala ukhula, usebenzisa kabi imithi yokubulala ukhula noma imithi yokubulala ukhula, noma usebenzisa isilinganiso sokuhlushwa esingafanele, kungase kube nomonakalo wezibulala-zinambuzane. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Enramycin ngesikhathi esifaneleKuhlanganiswe nomanyolo wezitshalo osezingeni eliphezulu kungalawula ukuthuthwa kwezakhamzimba, kufake izakhamzimba, futhi kunciphise umonakalo ezitshalweni obangelwa ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Ngenxa yekhono layo elihle lokulawula, i-brassinolide ingasiza izitshalo ngokushesha ukuthi ziphinde zikhule. Iphinde ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana nokubanda kwezitshalo.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Enramycin

I-Enramycin uhlobo olusha lokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo eziluhlaza, oluvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zemifino nezasemanzini. Njengoba i-Enramycin ingumkhiqizo wama-hormone ezitshalo, isilinganiso sayo esivamile sokusetshenziswa siphephile futhi siyasebenza, siheha abalimi abaningi ukuba bayisebenzise. I-Enramycin yemvelo ingathuthukisa ikhono lokuzivikela lesitshalo, inciphise ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, futhi yandise ukumelana nezifo zesitshalo. (Isilinganiso sokubhekisela somuthi kamama we-Enramycin ongu-0.1% singama-8-30‰, okungukuthi, engeza amakhilogremu angu-8-30 ngethani le-fungicide, futhi ukuhlushwa kokusetshenziswa kwensimu okunconywayo kungu-0.01 ppm) I-Enramycin yemvelo ingasetshenziswa kanye nemithi eminingi yokubulala izinambuzane, hhayi nje kuphela ukwandisa ububanzi bemithi, kodwa futhi yandisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithi, ivimbele umonakalo wezibulala-zinambuzane ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, futhi ikhuthaze izitshalo ezilimele ukuthi ziphinde zikhule ngokushesha ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-Enramycin yemvelo. (Isilinganiso sokubhekisela somuthi kamama we-brassinolide ongu-0.1% singu-1-5‰, okungukuthi, engeza amakhilogremu angu-1-5 awo ngethani ngalinye le-fungicide, kanti ukuhlushwa kokusetshenziswa kwensimu okunconywayo kungu-0.01 ppm.)