Omiyane beza njalo ngonyaka, kanjani ukubagwema?Ukuze bangahlukunyezwa yilawa ma-vampire, abantu bebelokhu bethuthukisa izikhali ezihlukahlukene zokubhekana nazo.Kusukela kumanethi omiyane okuzivikela kanye nezikrini zamafasitela, izibulala-zinambuzane ezisebenzayo, izinto ezixosha omiyane, namanzi ethoyilethi angacacile, kuya kumasongo e-inthanethi axosha omiyane womkhiqizo osaziwayo we-inthanethi eminyakeni yakamuva, ubani ongavikeleka ngempela futhi asebenze kahle eqenjini ngalinye?
01
Ama-Pyrethroids-isikhali sokubulala
Umqondo wokubhekana nomiyane ungahlukaniswa izikole ezimbili: ukubulala okusebenzayo nokuzivikela okungenzi lutho.Phakathi kwabo, iqembu elibulalayo elisebenzayo aligcini nje ngokuba nomlando omude, kodwa futhi linomphumela onembile.Ezihlahleni zomiyane zasendlini ezimelelwa amakhoyili omiyane, izinto zokuxosha omiyane kagesi, uketshezi lwekhoyili kagesi omiyane, ama-aerosol insecticides, njll., isithako esiyinhloko esisebenzayo yi-pyrethroid.Kuyi-wide spectrum insecticide ekwazi ukulawula izinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane futhi inesenzo esiqinile sokuthintana.Indlela yayo yokusebenza iwukuphazamisa imizwa yezinambuzane, okubangela ukuba zife ngenxa yenjabulo, i-spasm, nokukhubazeka.Uma usebenzisa ababulali omiyane, ukuze kubulawe kangcono omiyane, ngokuvamile sizama ukugcina indawo yasendlini endaweni evaliwe, ukuze okuqukethwe kwe-pyrethroids kugcinwe ezingeni elizinzile.
Inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yama-pyrethroids ukuthi asebenza kahle kakhulu, adinga ukugxila okuphansi kuphela ukuze awise omiyane.Yize ama-pyrethroids engenziwa i-metabolized futhi akhishwe ngemuva kokuhogela emzimbeni womuntu, asenobuthi obuncane futhi azoba nomthelela othile ohlelweni lwezinzwa lomuntu.Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kungase futhi kubangele izimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, i-nerve paresthesia kanye nokukhubazeka kwemizwa.Ngakho-ke, kungcono kakhulu ukuthi ungabeki izinto ezixosha omiyane ekhanda lombhede lapho ulala ukuze ugweme ukungaphatheki kahle okubangelwa ukuhogela umoya oqukethe inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-pyrethroids.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibulala-zinambuzane zohlobo lwe-aerosol zivame ukuqukatha izinto eziyingozi ezinephunga elimnandi, futhi abantu abangezwani nezinto ezithile kudingeka bazigweme lapho besebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane zohlobo lwe-aerosol.Isibonelo, phuma ekamelweni bese uvala iminyango namafasitela ngokushesha ngemva kokufafaza inani elifanele, bese ubuya ukuze uvule amafasitela ukuze kungene umoya ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, okungaqinisekisa umphumela nokuphepha kokubulala omiyane ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Njengamanje, ama-pyrethroids ajwayelekile emakethe ikakhulukazi i-tetrafluthrin ne-chlorofluthrin.Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi umphumela wokuwisa we-cyfluthrin komiyane ungcono kunalowo we-tetrafluthrin, kodwa i-tetrafluthrin ingcono kune-cyfluthrin mayelana nokuphepha.Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga izinto zokuxosha omiyane, ungenza izinqumo ezithile ngokusho komuntu ozisebenzisayo.Uma kungekho izingane ekhaya, kungcono ukhethe imikhiqizo equkethe i-fenfluthrin;uma kukhona izingane emndenini, kuphephile ukukhetha imikhiqizo equkethe i-fenfluthrin.
02
Isifutho esixosha omiyane nesixosha amanzi - zigcine uphephile ngokukhohlisa umuzwa wokuhogela omiyane
Ngemva kokukhuluma ngokubulala okusebenzayo, ake sikhulume ngokuzivikela okungenzi lutho.Lolu hlobo lufana “nezinsimbi zegolide namahembe ensimbi” kumanoveli ka-Jin Yong.Esikhundleni sokubhekana nomiyane, bagcina lawa “ma-vampire” kude nathi futhi bawahlukanise nokuphepha ngezindlela ezithile.
Phakathi kwazo, isifutho esixosha omiyane namanzi axosha omiyane yibo abameleli abakhulu.Isimiso sabo sokuxosha omiyane siwukuphazamisa iphunga lomiyane ngokufafaza esikhumbeni nasezimpahleni, besebenzisa iphunga elizondwa omiyane noma benze ungqimba oluyisivikelo esikhumbeni.Alikwazi ukuhogela iphunga elikhethekile elikhishwa umzimba womuntu, ngaleyo ndlela lidlala indima yokuhlukanisa omiyane.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi amanzi asendlini yangasese, nawo anomphumela "wokuxosha omiyane", umkhiqizo wamakha owenziwe ngamafutha asendlini yangasese njengephunga elimnandi futhi elihambisana notshwala.Imisebenzi yabo eyinhloko ukuqeda ukungcola, ukuvala inzalo, ukushisa kwe-anti-prickly kanye nokuluma.Nakuba kungase futhi kudlale umphumela othile wokulwa nomiyane, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-anti-mosquito spray kanye namanzi axosha umiyane, kokubili isimiso sokusebenza kanye nezingxenye eziyinhloko zihluke ngokuphelele, futhi lezi ezimbili azikwazi ukusetshenziswa esikhundleni somunye nomunye.
03
Isongo Esixosha Omiyane kanye Nesitikha Sokuxosha Umiyane–Kuwusizo noma cha kuya ngezithako eziyinhloko
Eminyakeni yamuva, izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yokuxosha omiyane emakethe ziye zaba ziningi kakhulu.Imikhiqizo eminingi yokuxosha omiyane egqokwayo njengezitika zokuxosha omiyane, izibopho zokuxosha omiyane, amawashi axosha omiyane, amabhande okuxosha omiyane, amalengalenga axosha omiyane, njll. Idinga ukuxhumana ngqo nesikhumba, esithandwa abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi abazali izingane.Le mikhiqizo ngokuvamile igqokwa emzimbeni womuntu futhi yenza ungqimba oluvikelayo oluzungeze umzimba womuntu ngosizo lwephunga lomuthi, okuphazamisa ukuzwa kwephunga lomiyane, ngaleyo ndlela idlala indima yokuxosha omiyane.
Lapho uthenga lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo wokuxosha omiyane, ngaphezu kokuhlola inombolo yesitifiketi sokubhaliswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uhlole ukuthi iqukethe izithako ezisebenza kahle ngempela, bese ukhetha imikhiqizo enezithako ezifanele kanye nokugxilisa ingqondo ngokwezimo zokusetshenziswa nezinto ezisetshenziswayo.
Njengamanje, kunezithako ezi-4 eziphephile nezisebenzayo zokuxosha omiyane ezibhaliswe yi-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) futhi ezinconywe yi-US Centers for Disease Control (CDC): DEET, Picaridin, DEET (IR3535) / Imonin), I-Lemon Eucalyptus Oil (OLE) noma ukukhishwa kwayo kweLemon Eucalyptol (PMD).Phakathi kwazo, ezintathu zokuqala zingamakhemikhali amakhemikhali, kanti lezi zamuva ziyingxenye yezitshalo.Ngokombono womphumela, i-DEET inomphumela omuhle wokuxosha omiyane futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, ilandelwa i-picaridin ne-DEET, kanye ne-lemon eucalyptus oil repellent.Omiyane bahlala isikhathi esifushane.
Mayelana nokuphepha, ngobaI-DEETiyacasula esikhumbeni, ngokuvamile sincoma ukuthi izingane zisebenzise imikhiqizo exosha omiyane enokuqukethwe kwe-DEET okungaphansi kuka-10%.Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisi-6, ungasebenzisi izinto ezixosha omiyane eziqukethe i-DEET.Umuthi oxosha omiyane awunabo ubuthi nemiphumela emibi esikhumbeni, futhi ngeke ungene esikhumbeni.Okwamanje yaziwa njengomkhiqizo oxosha omiyane ophephile futhi ungasetshenziswa nsuku zonke.Ekhishwe emithonjeni yemvelo, uwoyela kalamula kagamthilini uphephile futhi awucasuli esikhumbeni, kodwa ama-hydrocarbon e-terpenoid ewaqukethe angabangela ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile.Ngakho-ke, emazweni amaningi aseYurophu naseMelika, akunconywa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-05-2022